Erste und schwerwiegende Symptome eines Nephrotischen Syndroms, ohne Ödeme, sollten beachtet werden
1Steamed bread, rice and other normal dietary intake.
Während des Ödems sollte eine natriumarme Ernährung eingenommen werden, um ein weiteres Ödem zu vermeiden. In der Regel sollte der tägliche Salzverbrauch nicht mehr als2g empfohlen, würzige Lebensmittel sollten vermieden werden, und Sojasauce sowie Natriumhydrogencarbonat sollten nur sparsam verwendet werden. Wenn das Ödem zurückgeht und das Plasmaprotein nahe dem Normalwert ist, kann eine gewöhnliche Ernährung wieder aufgenommen werden.
2、Protein-Einnahme:
Bei Nephrotischem Syndrom wird ein großer Teil des Plasmaproteins mit dem Urin ausgeschieden, was zu einem Rückgang des körpereigenen Proteins und einem Zustand der Proteinkachexie führt. Eine Hypoproteinämie führt zu einem Rückgang des kolloidosmótischen Drucks des Plasmas, was zu einem anhaltenden Ödem führt, das schwer zu beseitigen ist, und auch die körpereigene Resistenzfähigkeit nimmt ab. Daher sollte in der frühen und akuten Phase, wenn keine Niereninsuffizienz vorliegt, eine höhere, hochwertige Proteinkost verabreicht werden (1d), such as fish and meat. This helps to alleviate hypoproteinemia and some associated complications. However, a high-protein diet can increase renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, causing glomerular capillaries to be in a high-pressure state, and the intake of a large amount of protein also increases urine protein, which can accelerate the sclerosis of glomeruli. Therefore, for chronic, non-acute nephrotic syndrome patients, less high-quality protein (0.1.0~5./d), as for the occurrence of chronic renal function damage, it should be a low-protein diet (0.*d),如鱼和肉类等.此有助于缓解低蛋白血症及随之引起的一些合并症.但高蛋白饮食可使肾血流量及肾小球滤过率增高,使肾小球毛细血管处于高压状态,同时摄入大量蛋白质也使尿蛋白增加,可以加速肾小球的硬化.因此,对于慢性,非极期的肾病综合症患者应摄入较少量高质量的蛋白质(0.7d), such as fish and meat. This helps to alleviate hypoproteinemia and some associated complications. However, a high-protein diet can increase renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, causing glomerular capillaries to be in a high-pressure state, and the intake of a large amount of protein also increases urine protein, which can accelerate the sclerosis of glomeruli. Therefore, for chronic, non-acute nephrotic syndrome patients, less high-quality protein (0.1./d), as for the occurrence of chronic renal function damage, it should be a low-protein diet (0.*~65./d), as for the occurrence of chronic renal function damage, it should be a low-protein diet (0.*kg
3d).
, fat intake:
4Patients with nephrotic syndrome often have hyperlipidemia, which can cause atherosclerosis and glomerular injury, sclerosis, etc., therefore, the intake of foods rich in cholesterol and fat such as animal internal organs, fatty meat, and certain seafood should be restricted.
, trace element supplementation:
Due to the increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane in patients with nephrotic syndrome, in addition to losing a large amount of protein in urine, certain trace elements and hormones bound to protein are also lost, resulting in a lack of calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and other elements in the human body. Appropriate supplementation should be given. Generally, it is advisable to eat vegetables, fruits, and杂粮 that are rich in vitamins and trace elements to supplement.
1Second, dietary recommendations for friends with nephrotic syndrome whose proteinuria is negative and no edema
, staple food intake:
2Steamed bread, rice and other normal dietary intake.
, sodium intake:
3According to normal taste or light diet.
, high-quality protein intake:1According to1.0~2./g1(kilogram of body weight, per day), approximately needed per day:/1An egg white/Two lean meats
4Half a cup of milk.
Commonly edible vegetables:
5Tofu, Chinese cabbage, scallion (seasoning), kale, bracken, elm money, pumpkin, winter melon, mung bean sprouts, sweet potato, kidney beans, gourds, green beans, eggplant, cabbage, onions, winter melon, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, bok choy, radish, bitter greens, green beans, chili (seasoning), taro, lima beans, carrots, chervil, garlic sprouts, garlic chives, celery, leeks, chives, lettuce, cauliflower, tomatoes, sweet bell peppers, bean sprouts, lettuce, rapeseed, yam, lotus root, sauerkraut, garlic (seasoning), ginger, clover, bitter melon, spinach, preserved vegetables, dried mushrooms, silver ear, shepherd's purse, potatoes.
Taboo: