Η αντιμετώπιση της σύνδρομου του σύντομου εντέρου μπορεί να κατακερματιστεί σε δύο στάδια, την αρχική και την τελική, η τελική περιλαμβάνει την περίοδο της αντιπλαστικής και την τελική περίοδο της αντιπλαστικής, παρακάτω είναι η συγκεκριμένη περιγραφή της θεραπείας της νόσου:
1、καθ' αρχάς της επεξεργασίας
Generally, it continues4weeks, mainly to stabilize the patient's homeostasis and provide nutritional support, reduce gastrointestinal secretion, bile stimulation. The focus is on controlling diarrhea, preventing large losses of gastrointestinal fluids, leading to homeostasis imbalance, and the patient entering peripheral circulatory failure. It is necessary to supplement fluids, electrolytes to maintain acid-base balance and supplement trace elements and vitamins, and start parenteral nutrition.
2, and the late treatment
It is mainly to maintain homeostasis, try to maintain the patient's nutrition and promote intestinal function compensation, improve intestinal absorption and digestion function. After early treatment, the decompensation period transitions to the compensation period and the late compensation period, the duration of the compensation period varies with the length of the residual intestinal segment and the body's compensation ability, from a few months to1-2In the year.2In the year, more than2In the year, the intestinal compensation function is rarely improved further.
Nutritional support is the most important and basic treatment method for short bowel syndrome. From the onset of short bowel syndrome, it is necessary to provide parenteral nutritional support. Nutritional support is not only to maintain nutrition but also has the effect of promoting intestinal mucosal hyperplasia compensation. Enteral nutrition is better than parenteral nutrition in promoting intestinal mucosal compensation. Intestinal rehabilitation treatment is to promote intestinal function compensation, so that more patients can get rid of parenteral nutrition,1995Some people proposed it in the past. It should be used in the early stage of intestinal compensation; it is better for relatively young patients. And the effect is also good for those with longer residual small intestine or those who retain the ileocecal junction.
If there is still a serious short bowel syndrome or long-term adaptive changes in the small intestine after non-surgical treatment such as enteric rehabilitation, surgical treatment can be considered.
Surgeries to slow the transport of the intestine: such as inverted small intestinal segment surgery, interposed retrograde intestinal segment, interposed colonic surgery, artificial construction of sphincters or valves.
Surgeries to increase the surface area of the intestine: such as small intestine narrowing and lengthening surgery, constructing intestinal loops and longitudinal incisions in small intestinal loops to extend the intestinal segment.
Small Intestine Transplantation: Should be a reasonable way to treat short bowel syndrome, but due to the high rejection rate of small intestine transplantation, frequent and severe infections, poor intestinal function and slow recovery, its success rate is far less than that of other solid organ transplants. It is suitable for patients who need permanent total parenteral nutrition, and most patients with long-term total parenteral nutrition have liver damage, so some authors also propose small intestine-Liver Combined Transplantation.