The retroperitoneal space is a potential gap, extending from the diaphragm above to the pelvic diaphragm below; the anterior boundary is mainly the parietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall, the bare area of the right liver, part of the duodenum, ascending colon, and rectum; the posterior part includes the vertebral bodies, psoas major muscle, quadratus lumborum muscle, and the origin of the transversus abdominis muscle from the lumbar fascia; below the iliac crest, there are the sacrum, psoas major muscle, and piriformis muscle; the lateral boundary is defined by the iliac muscle and obturator muscle. The main organs within the gap are the kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, and pancreas, as well as some large blood vessels, lymphatic tissues, and nervous tissues, rich in fatty and loose connective tissues.
Certain structures are easily exposed peritoneally, such as the adrenal glands, kidneys, ureters, lumbar sympathetic chain, splenic arteries and veins, renal arteries and veins, abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, common iliac arteries and veins, internal iliac arteries and veins, pancreas, and inguinal canal, etc.
Il y a de nombreuses théories différentes, généralement considéré que:
1、infection bactérienne:Il provient souvent d'infections gastro-intestinales ou d'infections d'autres organes par la circulation sanguine générale.
2、infection virale:Il est souvent causé par une infection des voies respiratoires supérieures ou une parotite, etc.
3、infection à bacille tuberculeux:L'amygdalite rétroperitoneale tuberculeuse est plus courante, elle peut être primaire dans les ganglions lymphatiques rétroperitoneaux, ou secondaire à la tuberculose gastro-intestinale, péritonéale et pulmonaire.