Shoulder Joint Injury

　　The causes of shoulder joint injuries mainly include the following aspects:
　　1. Middle-aged and elderly people are prone to shoulder joint diseases. With age, various tissues of the shoulder, including the rotator cuff and ligaments, undergo degenerative changes, gradually losing their elasticity and becoming stiff, making them more susceptible to injury.
　　2. Frequent and excessive use of the upper limbs is a common etiological factor for shoulder joint diseases. Especially for people engaged in professions requiring repeated overhead movements, such as baseball, volleyball, tennis, and swimming athletes.
　　3. Trauma is the primary pathogenic factor for shoulder joint diseases in young people.

　　Shoulder joint injury usually is accompanied by shoulder joint osteoarthritis.

　　The main symptoms of shoulder joint injury are recurrent shoulder pain, severe cases have night pain, affecting sleep, and cannot sleep on the affected side. The pain is mainly located in the anterior and upper part of the shoulder, radiating to the insertion of the deltoid muscle along the lateral side of the upper limb, related to joint movement; muscle strength decreases, especially when trying to lift the upper arm, the strength is weakened; the range of motion of the joint can be limited to varying degrees.

　　To prevent shoulder joint injury, the range of motion during exercise should not be too large. Excessive range of motion and excessive force in shoulder joint movement can cause injury to the surrounding tissues of the joint. For example, when doing supine fly, the arms should not be lower than the trunk; when doing bench press, to reduce the pressure and tension on the shoulders, the shoulders should not be locked when pushing up; when flexing the elbows, the scapula should not be extended forward, and the action should be completed as much as possible by relying on the contraction of the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles.
　　Do not over-exercise. Shoulder joints are frequently used and heavily loaded during exercise, so the exercise arrangement should strive for rationality. It is necessary to formulate a scientific exercise plan and strictly implement it to ensure that all parts of the body's muscles develop evenly. This is an effective guarantee to prevent sports injuries.

　　The diagnosis of shoulder joint injury, in addition to medical history and clinical symptoms, X-ray and CT can show indirect signs of rotator cuff injury, including hook-shaped acromion, changes in the insertion of the rotator cuff, and upward movement of the humeral head.

　　Patients with shoulder joint injury should eat foods that reduce swelling and relieve pain and are rich in high-quality protein. It is not advisable to eat pickled and刺激性 foods to avoid aggravating the condition.

　　Early stage of shoulder joint injury: It is advisable to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, reduce swelling and relieve pain, take internal medicine such as the recipe of舒筋活血汤 and 活血止痛汤, and apply 活血散 externally. Middle stage: It is advisable to relax tendons and promote blood circulation, strengthen tendons and bones, take internal medicine such as 壮筋养血汤, and apply 舒筋活络药膏 externally. Late stage: It is advisable to nourish the liver and kidney, take internal medicine such as 八珍汤 and 补中益气汤, and external washing can be chosen with 苏木煎.