Extension Type Distal Radius Fracture

　　1, Direct violence:It is more common to be caused by direct violence: often due to the impact of heavy objects on the arm, crushing, inversion twisting injury, or collision with hard objects.

　　2, Indirect violence:Fractures caused by falling from a height, rotational violence twisting or slipping.

　　3, Chronic fatigue:Some fractures are caused by cumulative fatigue damage: such as long-term, repeated, slight direct or indirect injuries that can cause fractures in a specific part of the limb, such as gymnasts.

　　After injury, the fracture of the distal end of the radius in the straight type may cause local pain and swelling, typical deformities may occur, such as the 'silver fork' deformity seen from the side and the 'spear-like' deformity seen from the front. Local tenderness is明显, wrist joint movement is restricted. This disease has no special complications, mainly leading to local sensory and functional disorders.

　　After injury, local pain and swelling, typical deformities may occur, such as the 'silver fork' deformity seen from the side and the 'spear-like' deformity seen from the front. Local tenderness is明显, wrist joint movement is restricted. X-ray films show that the distal end of the fracture shifts to the radial and dorsal sides, and the proximal end shifts to the palmar side, thus showing typical deformity signs, which may be accompanied by dislocation of the ulnar and radial joints.

　　1, This disease is caused by traumatic factors. The key to the prevention and treatment of this disease is to prevent the occurrence of complications, especially in the elderly.

　　2, Patients can eat some high-nutrition and high-calorie foods, such as: eggs, chicken, pork, spareribs. Eat more vegetables as well.

　　3, Perform correct functional exercises, strengthen the exercises of clenching and relaxing the fist, restore muscle strength and muscle coordination, and prevent functional disorders caused by muscle atrophy.

　　4, Prevent the occurrence of tendons and nerve injuries, etc.

　　After the injury, the local pain and swelling of the extension type distal radius fracture can produce a typical deformity, that is, the side view presents a 'silver fork' deformity, and the frontal view presents a 'spear-like' deformity. Local tenderness is obvious, and there is a restriction of wrist joint movement. The patient can take wrist joint anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films (including elbow joint and wrist joint) to confirm the diagnosis.

　　1. High-energy, high-protein diet:It helps to recover vitality. However, it is recommended to eat it after 2 weeks of fracture. It is still advisable to have a light diet in the early stage of fracture.

　　2. Vitamin D:If you are always indoors for rest after a fracture and cannot get enough sunlight, it is easy to lack vitamin D. Therefore, after a fracture, you should eat more foods rich in vitamin D (such as fish, liver, egg yolks, etc.) and try to get more sunlight as possible.

　　3. Vitamin C:Fruits rich in vitamin C include hawthorn, fresh jujube, kiwi, strawberry, longan, lychee, tangerine, etc., and vegetables include safflower (herb), chili, bell pepper, rapeseed, cauliflower, broccoli, sprouts, bitter melon, spinach, green broccoli, and green amaranth, etc.

　　4. Water:After a fracture, due to prolonged sitting and inactivity, constipation is easy to occur, so you should drink more water to ensure intestinal smoothness.

　　Manual reduction and external fixation is the main treatment method, and surgery is rarely needed.

　　1. Manual Reduction and External Fixation

　　1. Local anesthesia.

　　2. Position supine.

　　3. Traction the shoulder abduction to 90 degrees, the assistant holds the thumb with one hand and the other fingers with the other hand, traction along the longitudinal axis of the forearm towards the distal end, and the other assistant holds the elbow joint for reverse traction.

　　4. Before the reduction is sufficient, the operator holds the wrist with both hands, the thumb presses on the distal end of the fracture and pushes it away from the wrist, and the fingers 2-5 press on the proximal end of the fracture to increase the flexion angle of the wrist, correct the angle, and then squeeze towards the ulnar side, slowly relax the traction, and check the alignment and stability of the fracture at the position of flexion and ulnar deviation.

　　5. Use a wrist joint small splint or plaster splint for fixation for 2 weeks, and continue to use a small splint or change to a forearm cast after the edema subsides. In the neutral position of the wrist joint, check the alignment and stability of the fracture at the position of flexion and ulnar deviation.

　　2. Open Reduction and Internal Fixation