里德利综合征

　　本征的主要病因有：

　　1、左心室心肌病变，如冠心病、急性心肌梗死、充血型心肌病、肥厚型心肌病、心肌炎等；

　　2、左心室压力负荷过重，如高血压、主动脉瓣狭窄、梗阻型心肌病等；

　　3、左心室容量负荷过度，如主动脉瓣关闭不全、二尖瓣关闭不全、某些有左至右分流的先天性心血管病(室间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭等)；

　　4、左心室舒张期顺应性减低，主要见于冠心病、高血压、梗阻型心肌病及伴有左心室肥厚的疾病；

　　5、严重心律失常，如心房颤动、心房扑动、阵发性心动过速、高度房室传导阻滞等；

　　6、心外疾病，如肺栓塞、脑血管意外、吸入刺激性气体、静脉补液过量、肾炎、肾衰竭等。

　　里德利综合征的严重者可持续发作，频繁咳嗽，呼吸急促加重，发绀，大汗淋漓，手脚冰冷，咳出粉红色泡沫状痰，并可发展为急性肺水肿、心力衰竭。

　　最突出的临床表现为阵发性夜间呼吸困难、心源性哮喘。典型发作多发生在夜间熟睡1～2h后，患者因气闷、气急而突然惊醒，被迫立即坐起并打开窗户，意欲减轻窒息感，伴以阵咳、哮喘性呼吸音或咳泡沫样痰。轻者取坐位十余分钟至1h左右，呼吸困难可自动消退，患者又能入睡。重者可持续发作，频繁咳嗽，呼吸急促加重，发绀，大汗淋漓，手脚冰冷，咳出粉红色泡沫状痰，并可发展为急性肺水肿。体征除原发疾病的体征外，如心浊音界向左下扩大、心尖抬举性搏动、S4In addition to the valve murmur, there are also signs of left heart failure, such as increased heart rate, early diastolic gallop rhythm, wet rales in both lungs (especially fine wet rales at the base of the left lung) and wheezing, pleural effusion (especially right pleural effusion), blood pressure can be caused by compensatory sympathetic nerve tension increase small artery constriction to temporarily increase blood pressure.

　　1Prognosis

　　The prognosis of this disease is related to the nature of the primary disease, such as mitral stenosis after surgical treatment, the prognosis is good, while aortic valve disease, coronary heart disease caused by the prognosis is poor, the condition often rapidly deteriorates, quickly involving the right ventricle and causing heart failure.

　　2Prevention

　　Active treatment of the primary disease should be carried out to improve heart function.

　　1Laboratory examination

　　With concurrent infection, the total white blood cell count may increase. The proportion of neutrophils increases.

　　2Other auxiliary examinations

　　X-ray examination shows increased shadow in the two lung apices, varying degrees of pulmonary congestion such as dilatation of the pulmonary veins in the upper lobe, interlobar edema, Kerley B line or pulmonary edema (pulmonary field shows foggy shadow). Enlargement of the left ventricle, enlargement of the left atrium and pulmonary artery segment, etc. Electrocardiogram shows left ventricular hypertrophy, ST-T change. Echocardiography shows that the left ventricular diameter is increased, the amplitude of ventricular wall motion is weakened, etc.

    Εκτός από τη συμβατική θεραπεία, η δίαιτα του Reye's syndrome πρέπει επίσης να προσέξει τα εξής:1Πρέπει να τρώτε τρόφιμα που μειώνουν την συκωτιδίνη του αίματος;2Πρέπει να τρώτε αντιπυρετικά και αντιασθματικά τρόφιμα;3Πρέπει να τρώτε θρεπτικά τρόφιμα..

　　It is necessary to try to find the cause of this symptom and carry out etiological treatment, such as paroxysmal dyspnea caused by mitral stenosis, mitral valve separation can make the symptoms of this symptom completely disappear. The treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is the same as that of other acute heart failure, such as sedation, oxygen therapy, sitting position, lower limbs, reducing venous return; use cardiotonic, diuretic and vasodilator, to improve heart function.