Urinary incontinence caused by coughing in women

　　With the decline of ovarian function, estrogen levels decrease sharply, causing the pelvic support structure to relax, bladder prolapse; at the same time, due to the atrophy of the vascular network under the urethral mucosa, the smooth muscle of the urethra relaxes, the closing force decreases, and the urinary muscle group's control over urination decreases. This leads to uncontrollable urine leakage when abdominal pressure increases. The manifestation is that when patients are exerting effort, such as coughing, laughing, sneezing, running, urine will leak involuntarily, and in severe cases, even standing will cause involuntary leakage.

　　Due to frequent enuresis and leakage, it can lead to redness, itching, and pain in the perineal skin of patients, even infection and ulceration, causing urinary system inflammation and stones. In severe cases, it may also affect kidney function. In addition, severe coughing can cause rupture of blood vessels in the alveoli and bronchial mucosa, leading to hemoptysis. If the blood is swallowed into the abdomen, it can form black stools, which need to be distinguished from black stools caused by gastrointestinal bleeding.

　　Urinary incontinence occurs during coughing, laughing, exercise, etc., without the feeling of urination, with small amount of leakage, most patients belong to this type. This is due to increased abdominal pressure, increased bladder pressure, and low urethral tension, which cannot withstand strong external force. This type can be treated with medication, and severe cases may require surgery.

　　I. Why are women prone to urinary incontinence

　　1. Women have wider pelvic bones and weaker muscle support.

　　2. The damage to pelvic floor muscles during pregnancy and childbirth.

　　3. After middle age, the level of estrogen in women decreases, leading to atrophy of the urethral mucosa.

　　4. The female urethra is shorter than that of males, averaging only 5 to 7 CM.

　　II. The incidence of stress urinary incontinence

　　According to clinical statistics from abroad:

　　1. In Hong Kong, 600,000 women over the age of 15 suffer from urinary incontinence.

　　2. The survey in Haizhu District, Guangzhou showed that the incidence of urinary incontinence in women is 57%.

　　3. According to the survey in Shanghai, the incidence rate of women over 40 is 40%.

　　According to the survey of Peking University Health Science Center and Southwest Hospital, the incidence of adult urinary incontinence is 29%, but currently only 9.4% of patients seek medical treatment, and only 0.7% find urology departments.

　　At the time of diagnosis, in addition to relying on clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations are also needed. The pelvic floor function examination and pelvic floor electromyography are used for this disease. This disease seriously affects the daily life of patients, so active prevention should be carried out.

　　What kind of food is good for women with coughing enuresis

　　Eat light, eat more foods rich in fiber to prevent increased abdominal pressure due to constipation.

　　(The above information is for reference only; for details, please consult a doctor.)

　　1. Good Attitude

　　Maintain an optimistic and magnanimous attitude, face success, failure, pressure, and烦恼 with a positive and peaceful mindset, and learn to regulate one's mood and emotions.

　　2. Prevent Urinary Tract Infection

　　Develop the habit of wiping the paper from front to back after urination and defecation to avoid urinary tract infections. Before sexual intercourse, both partners should wash the external genitalia with warm water, and the female partner should empty the urine immediately after sexual intercourse and clean the external genitalia. If urinary pain and frequency occur after sexual intercourse, anti-urinary tract infection drugs can be taken for 3 to 5 days to quickly cure the inflammation in the early stage.

　　3. Regular Sexual Life

　　Research shows that women who continue to have regular sexual life after menopause can significantly delay the physiological degeneration of the ovary's estrogen synthesis function, reduce the incidence of stress urinary incontinence, and prevent other elderly diseases, improving health levels.

　　4. Strengthen Physical Exercise

　　Strengthen physical exercise, actively treat various chronic diseases. Conditions such as emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, obesity, and large abdominal tumors can all cause increased abdominal pressure leading to urinary incontinence. It is necessary to actively treat these chronic diseases, improve the overall nutritional status, and carry out appropriate physical exercise and pelvic floor muscle exercises. The simplest method is to do 45 to 100 times of anal clenching and anal lifting exercises before getting out of bed in the morning and after going to bed at night, which can significantly improve the symptoms of urinary incontinence.

　　5. Reasonable Diet

　　Eat light, eat more foods rich in fiber to prevent increased abdominal pressure due to constipation.