Bow legs are a relatively common lower limb deformity, mainly caused by rickets or osteomalacia, leading to knee deformity. Other causes include anterior horn gray matter of poliomyelitis, muscle injury, osteomyelitis, or other diseases that lead to abnormal development of the femur or tibia. When the lower limb is extended, the femur and tibia form an outward angle, the two knees are close together, and the distance between the medial malleoli of the two feet increases, resembling an 'X' shape, known as genu valgum, commonly known as 'X-shaped legs'. The lesion often occurs in the femur. When standing upright, the two lower limbs are arched outward, the two medial malleoli are close together, and the two knees cannot be brought together, with a large gap, resembling an 'O' shape, known as genu varum, also known as 'O-shaped legs' or 'bow legs', and the lesion often occurs in the tibia.
The main clinical manifestations are knee deformity, walking difficulties. In patients with a long course of disease, secondary symptoms such as relaxation of the lateral patellar ligament, degenerative arthritis, patellar dislocation, and patellar cartilage softening may occur, and corresponding symptoms may arise. This disease is more common in children and adolescents, and can affect one or both lower limbs. Clinically, bow legs are more common. This disease occurs5children can use conservative treatment. If it has exceeded5If the patient is over 12 years old and the deformity is severe, consider osteotomy correction surgery. Generally, timely treatment leads to a good prognosis. Delayed treatment may cause joint complications. Symptoms may still remain after late osteotomy correction. Therefore, early diagnosis and early treatment are crucial.