Infantile皱梅abdomen syndrome

　　The etiology of this syndrome is unknown, and it may be caused by the arrest of the development of the mesodermal abdominal wall and urinary system muscles during the 6th to 10th weeks of embryogenesis, or purely due to the mechanical expansion of the abdominal wall caused by the presence of a巨bladder. The bladder fills the entire pelvic cavity, pushing the testicles upwards to form cryptorchidism. Some people believe that underdeveloped prostate and fetal ascites are the main factors causing the disease.

　　Due to the underdevelopment of the abdominal muscles in the infantile皱梅abdomen syndrome, it can lead to bladder dilation, ureteral dilation, hydronephrosis, recurrent urinary tract infections, and renal insufficiency.

　　The infantile皱梅abdomen syndrome has characteristic manifestations from birth, and can be diagnosed in the neonatal period. It is mainly divided into the following two types:

　　1. Complete type

　　1. Enlarged abdomenAt birth, the abdomen is prominent, bulging to one side or both sides. Some or all abdominal muscles are severely underdeveloped. The usually missing abdominal muscles are from the middle abdomen to the lower abdomen, can be on both sides or just one side, or even completely absent.

　　2. Thin abdominal wallThe abdominal wall is as thin as paper, and the internal organs are faintly visible. Patients cannot change from a lying position to a sitting position without using their arms.

　　3. Dry and皱 skin of the abdomenThe surface skin has many wrinkles, resembling dried plums, with a very special shape, hence the name 'dried plum abdomen'. The skin below the lower ribs is red.

　　4. Onset in male childrenMost of the patients are male with cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism is often located in front of the sacroiliac joint of the abdominal wall. The penis may bend towards the ventral or dorsal side or to one side, and some may lack the corpora cavernosa of the penis.

　　5. Respiratory tract infection: The child has weak cough and often has respiratory tract infections.

　　Second, incomplete type

　　The abdominal wall is normal, only showing bilateral cryptorchidism and urinary system malformation.

　　Pre-marital physical examination plays a positive role in preventing birth defects. The extent of its role depends on the items and content of the examination. Physical examination mainly includes serological tests (such as hepatitis B virus, syphilis spirochete, HIV), reproductive system examination (such as screening for cervicitis), general physical examination (such as blood pressure, electrocardiogram), and inquiring about the family history of diseases and personal medical history, etc. Pregnant women should try to avoid harmful factors, including staying away from smoke, alcohol, drugs, radiation, pesticides, noise, volatile harmful gases, etc.

　　In the diagnosis of colic ileus syndrome, in addition to the special clinical manifestations, chemical tests are also needed. The main methods of examination are as follows:

　　1. Blood routine examination

　　When patients have an infection, a significant increase in leukocytes can be observed.

　　2. Urinalysis

　　When patients have urinary tract infection, an increase in leukocytes can be found.

　　3. Renal function examination

　　Blood creatinine test helps to understand kidney function.

　　4. Imaging examinations

　　X-ray, ultrasound contrast, CT, etc., can detect various abnormalities in the urinary system, gastrointestinal tract, and limbs and bones.

　　Patients should adopt a low-potassium and high-calcium diet, adequately supply vitamins and minerals. Eat more vegetables and fruits. Rice bran and wheat bran contain vitamin B6, so coarse grains should be eaten more. Fish, shrimp, eggs, and milk are rich in vitamin D and can promote calcium absorption, so they should be eaten more. In addition, it should be noted that spicy, greasy foods should not be eaten. Exciting and stimulating foods such as coffee, cocoa, strong tea, etc., hurt the body's fluid and raise fire, so they should be avoided.

　　Colic ileus syndrome not only seriously affects the daily life of patients, but also triggers other diseases after a long time, so it should be treated actively. Mild cases can use abdominal bands to tightly bind and fix, and abdominal wall defect repair surgery can also be considered. Orchidopexy can be performed at an appropriate time. Commonly used surgeries include cystostomy, ureteroplasty, abdominal wall plication, and orchidopexy.