Celiac axis compression syndrome

　　Most of this syndrome is caused by compression of the celiac artery by excessive nerve fiber tissue in the arch of the diaphragm or within the celiac plexus. There are no atherosclerosis or syphilis and other lesions.

　　Due to congenital anatomical factors, the celiac artery may arise from the aorta at a high position, or the attachment point of the diaphragm may be too low, which can lead to compression of the celiac artery. In many cases, the left and right crural muscle tendons connect into a fibrous band, known as the middle arch ligament, forming the anterior edge of the aortic hiatus. Therefore, the middle arch ligament is also an important factor in the external compression of the celiac artery. In addition, the celiac plexus often entangles with fibrous tissue, which can also cause proximal compression of the celiac artery.

　　However, the postoperative compression of the celiac artery due to acquired factors is relatively rare, such as celiac axis compression syndrome caused by granulomatous inflammatory masses produced by sarcoidosis.

　　Visceral ischemic necrosis. Due to compression, stenosis, or acute occlusion of the celiac artery, the intestines or other abdominal organs can rapidly necrose due to ischemia and hypoxia, resulting in sudden, sharp, cutting pain in the upper abdomen or umbilical area, accompanied by severe nausea, vomiting, watery or bloody diarrhea, and other symptoms. Persistent high fever and increased abdominal distension and pain. If diagnosis and treatment are delayed at this time, patients often rapidly enter a shock and coma state, even threatening life.

　　This disease has no organic changes in the arteries and no preventive measures. Some patients may be triggered by overwork, overeating, intense exercise, or emotional fluctuations. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the diet, avoid overeating, excessive drinking, and excessive intake of greasy foods, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to combine work and rest, and try to avoid intense exercise, over-exertion, and emotional excitement or severe fluctuations. Patients with a history of hypertension should receive corresponding treatment.

     The diet of patients with abdominal aortic compression syndrome should be light and easy to digest, with an emphasis on vegetables and fruits, a reasonable diet, and sufficient nutrition. In addition, patients should also pay attention to avoiding spicy, greasy, cold, and raw foods.

　　1. Arteriography for DiagnosisPatients with obvious clinical symptoms should be diagnosed by arteriography. At the same time, it is also necessary to check for occlusive lesions in cerebral vessels, coronary vessels, renal vessels, and lower limb vessels, etc.

　　2. Correcting Metabolic ImbalanceFor severely malnourished patients, short-term intravenous hyperalimentation before surgery can help establish a positive nitrogen balance and improve tolerance to surgery. However, if patients show severe or progressively worsening symptoms, vascular reconstruction surgery should be performed within a limited time.

　　3. Hemodynamic MonitoringMost patients have malnutrition, reduced blood volume, and chronic anemia before surgery, and are often accompanied by decreased heart, lung, and kidney function. It is of great importance to monitor arterial blood pressure and hemodynamic changes during surgery and maintain their stability.