肺衰

　　肺衰是因肺脏的各种长期疾患，或因邪毒伤肺，或心、脑、肾等脏病变及肺，使肺气衰竭，不能吐故纳新，浊气痰液内阻。以喘息抬肩，唇紫，肢凉，咳逆痰壅为主要表现的脱病类疾病。

　　除了一般症状外，还会引起其他疾病，本病气息喘促，呼吸困难，唇紫肢凉。所以一经发现，需积极治疗，平时也应做好预防措施。应引起临床医生和患者的高度重视。

　　Η πνευμονική υποξία δεν έχει αποτελεσματικές προληπτικές μέθοδους, η νωρίς ανακάλυψη και η νωρίς διάγνωση είναι η κλειδιά για την πρόληψη και την αντιμετώπιση της ασθένειας. Η διατροφή του ασθενούς πρέπει να είναι ελαφριά και εύκολα переварώμενη, να καταναλώνει πολλά λαχανικά και φρούτα, να συνδυάζει τη διατροφή με λογική και να φροντίζει για την επαρκή πρόσληψη θρεπτικών συστατικών. Επιπλέον, ο ασθενής πρέπει να αποφεύγει τη χρήση πικάντικων, λιπαρών και κρύων τροφών.

　　1、ιστορικό

　　Η ιστορία περιλαμβάνει την παρουσία παθολογίας των βρόγχων, των πνευμόνων, της πνευμονικής μεμβράνης, των πνευμονικών αγγείων, του καρδιακού συστήματος, των νευρομυϊκών ή σοβαρών οργανικών ασθενειών.

　　2、Symptoms

　　In addition to the symptoms of the primary disease, it is mainly the manifestation of hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention, such as shortness of breath, urgency, mental and neurological symptoms, etc. When complicated with pulmonary encephalopathy, there may also be gastrointestinal bleeding.

　　3、Blood gas analysis

　　Resting state air inhalation arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) <8.0Kpa (6(0mmHg) arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) >6.7Kpa (5(0mmHg) is type II respiratory failure, and a simple decrease in arterial oxygen partial pressure is1Type of respiratory failure.

　　4、Electrolyte examination

　　When respiratory acidosis is combined with metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia often occurs; when respiratory acidosis is combined with metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and hypochloremia often occur.

　　5、Sputum examination

　　The results of sputum smear and bacterial culture can help guide medication.

　　6、Physical examination findings

　　May have cyanosis, disturbance of consciousness, conjunctival congestion, edema, flapping tremors, papilledema, etc.

　　7、Other tests

　　As shown by chest imaging, pulmonary function tests, and other tests according to the different primary diseases.

　　1、High pillow position or semi-recumbent position, reduce pulmonary congestion.

　　2、High calorie, high protein, rich in vitamins, light diet.

　　3、Strengthen physical fitness.

　　4、Patients with lung failure often have abdominal distension, concentrated decoction of traditional Chinese medicine, take in small quantities multiple times.

　　5、Strictly monitor changes in the patient's condition.

　　1、Phlegm Heat Congestion in the Lung Syndrome:Shortness of breath with raising shoulders, coughing with sputum congestion, thick yellow sputum, not easy to cough up, coughing causes chest pain, red face, dry mouth and desire for drink, red tongue with yellow greasy coating, slippery and rapid pulse. Clearing heat and resolving phlegm, and opening the lung.

　　2、Lung Dryness and Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome:Shortness of breath with raising shoulders, coughing with sputum congestion, chest stuffiness, unable to lie down, abdominal distension and constipation, bitter and dry mouth, fever and red face, red urine and turbid, yellow greasy tongue coating, deep and full pulse. Clearing the lung and moistening dryness, clearing heat and purging intestinal heat.

　　3、Lung Qi and Yin Deficiency Syndrome:Shortness of breath, low cough sound, thin sputum, spontaneous sweating and aversion to wind, or coughing with little sputum and sticky quality, irritability and thirst, red cheeks, pale tongue with peeled coating, weak or thready pulse. Invigorate Qi and nourish Yin.

　　4、Yang Deficiency Syndrome:Coughing with shortness of breath, opening the mouth and raising the shoulders, flaring nostrils, shortness of breath on exertion, palpitations, ashy lips, sweating like pearls, cold limbs, floating, large pulse without root. Reviving Yang (Yi Qi) to consolidate and relieve.