Ovulatory bleeding

　　Ovulatory bleeding is a phenomenon that may occur in every female friend, usually with a small amount of bleeding, which cannot be observed with the naked eye. However, some people may experience obvious bleeding symptoms, and the severity cannot be generalized. But in fact, the main cause of ovulatory bleeding is mainly due to the rupture of mature follicles and ovulation, followed by a sharp drop in estrogen levels, which cannot maintain the growth of the endometrium, causing local ulceration and shedding of the endometrial surface, resulting in breakthrough bleeding of a small amount.

　　Sufficient estrogen and progesterone are secreted to quickly repair the broken surface of the endometrium and stop the bleeding, or it may be that during the ovulation period, the mature follicle secretes a large amount of estrogen, causing the endometrium to become congested and leading to the leakage of red blood cells. It may also be that when the ovary is captured by the fimbria of the fallopian tube, the blood-containing follicular fluid is sent back to the uterine cavity through the retrograde peristalsis of the fallopian tube and then excreted through the cervix and vagina.

　　For women with ovulation, when checking the cervical mucus during the menstrual mid-cycle, about 60% are found to have red blood cells under microscopic observation, but no bleeding is visible to the naked eye, which is not a pathological phenomenon. However, for women with ovulatory bleeding, other gynecological diseases should be excluded, such as irregular menstruation, cervical erosion, cervical polyps, cervical cancer, endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids, endometrial adenocarcinoma, etc.

　　Of course, it may also be due to a disorder in the secretion of sex hormones, causing a significant fluctuation in hormone levels during ovulation, resulting in obvious bleeding. Chronic endometritis or thickening of the ovarian surface inflammation may cause the endometrium to become congested during ovulation, making it difficult for bleeding to stop spontaneously, or the rupture of the surface of the inflammatory follicle may cause an increase in bleeding compared to the normal amount, and it may be refluxed into the uterine cavity with the peristalsis of the fallopian tube and excreted through the vagina.

　　The ovulation date for women is generally about 14 days before the next menstrual period. For safety, we call the 5 days before and the 4 days after the ovulation day, including the ovulation day itself, a total of 10 days, as the ovulation period. The rest of the time except for the menstrual period is called the safe period. But what is the reason for bleeding during the ovulation period for many women? Ovulatory bleeding, also known as mid-menstrual bleeding, refers to slight bleeding between two normal menstrual periods, which may be accompanied by different degrees of abdominal pain. The clinical manifestations are as follows:

　　1. Uterine bleeding. During the menstrual cycle with ovulation, uterine bleeding during the ovulatory period occurs, with little bleeding, some may only be coffee-colored discharge, usually stopping spontaneously within 2 to 3 days, with the longest lasting for 7 days.

　　2. Abdominal pain. The pain during the menstrual cycle can be mild or severe, usually lasting for a few hours, and some patients may experience it for 2 to 3 days.

　　3. Infertility. It may be caused by stopping sexual life due to ovulatory bleeding and missing the opportunity to conceive. Note: There are generally no obvious positive signs. Diagnosis can be confirmed by hysteroscopy, basal body temperature measurement (basal body temperature shows a biphasic pattern, bleeding occurs during the transition from low to high temperature), and laparoscopy. If the symptoms are mild and no treatment is needed, medication can be used for heavy bleeding or if it affects fertility.

　　Visible vaginal bleeding may last for several hours, or 3 to 5 days, but rarely exceeds 7 days, and in severe cases, it may not stop until the next menstrual period arrives. Some bleeding is very light, stopping with a few drops, or it may be intermingled with blood, usually not reaching the amount of menstrual blood. During bleeding, there may be discomfort or pain in the lower abdomen on one side, or it may be a hidden pain, even extending to the lumbar and inner side of the thigh. Symptoms may occur monthly or once every other month, with some people experiencing this phenomenon for several months a year, and some only once in their lifetime.

　　Ovulation period bleeding is a phenomenon that every woman may experience. Generally, this bleeding is very little and cannot be observed with the naked eye, but some people may have obvious bleeding symptoms, and the severity cannot be generalized. Then, how to prevent ovulation period bleeding? The following experts introduce the preventive measures for ovulation period bleeding.

　　15. Pay attention to hygiene during the ovulation period, prevent infection, pay attention to the cleanliness of the external genitalia. Absolutely do not have sexual intercourse during the menstrual period. Pay attention to warmth, avoid cold stimulation. Avoid overexertion. Those with a large amount of menstrual blood should avoid eating brown sugar.

　　14. Understand and master the physiological knowledge and health knowledge of menstruation, and pay attention to health care and menstrual hygiene during the menstrual period.

　　13. During the ovulation period, maintain a pleasant spirit, avoid mental stimulation and emotional fluctuations. Some women may experience phenomena such as lower abdominal distension, backache, breast tenderness, mild diarrhea, easy fatigue, drowsiness, emotional instability, irritability, or depression during the menstrual period, which are all normal and do not require excessive tension.

　　12. During the bleeding period, avoid overexertion, rest more, maintain local cleanliness, prevent infection, and apply a hot compress to the abdomen when abdominal pain is severe. At the same time, maintain emotional stability. Strengthen physical exercise and enhance physical fitness in everyday life.

　　11. Before and after the ovulation period (usually between two menstrual periods, when the basal body temperature rises), spicy, pungent, and dry stimulating foods should be avoided to prevent an increase in bleeding and an extension of time.

　　10. The panties during the ovulation period should be soft, cotton, and have good ventilation and permeability. They should be washed and changed frequently, and the underwear to be washed should be dried in the sun.

　　During the middle of the menstrual period, that is, the ovulation period, due to the temporary decrease in estrogen levels, the endometrium loses the support of hormones, causing partial endometrial shedding and regular vaginal bleeding, known as ovulation period bleeding. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is called 'intermenstrual bleeding'. What kind of examinations should be done for ovulation period bleeding? The following experts introduce the examination items for ovulation period bleeding.

　　1. Cervical mucus method

　　In the gynecological department of the hospital, cervical mucus is checked to determine whether a woman is in the ovulation period.

　　2. Basal body temperature method

　　Measure body temperature after waking up in the morning. Generally, the body temperature is lower during the first half of the menstrual period, and it will be even lower during the ovulation period, and it will gradually rise after ovulation. A normal woman's basal body temperature is not always accurate, and some normal women may even experience a complete month without ovulation. It is recommended to persist in measuring for a long time.

　　3. Menstrual period calculation method

　　Many women do not know exactly which day their ovulation period is, but it can be easily calculated with the following formula after a period of testing. The calculation formula is: the first day of the ovulation period, subtract 18 days from the number of days in the menstrual cycle, and the last day of the ovulation period, subtract 11 days from the number of days in the menstrual cycle. Properly mastering the ovulation period is very important for young women. For those who want to get pregnant, starting from the first day of the ovulation period, maintain a frequency of having sex twice a day, and persist for several months. Generally, without any special circumstances, pregnancy will occur. For women who do not want to get pregnant, they need to avoid sexual intercourse during these days.

　　4. Ovulation period test strip detection method

　　1) The LH peak in the menstrual cycle is a relatively short period of time, lasting 48-50 hours from start to finish. LH is quickly cleared from the body and usually only appears positive for one day, sometimes for two consecutive days. Therefore, to detect the LH peak, testing should be done every day. It is recommended to start testing 2-3 days before the predicted peak (14-18 days before the onset of menstruation).

　　2) The results of urine LH testing are very sensitive to fluid intake and testing time, but there is no need to limit intake, just avoid drinking a lot of water in the short time before testing.

　　3) Theoretically, the first morning urine is the best test sample, because the urine is most concentrated at this time. However, in fact, if it is only tested once a day, the most effective testing time is between 3-8 pm, during which time 90% of the ovulatory cycles' LH peaks can be monitored. More than one test per day can also increase the detection rate, but increasing the number of tests will also increase the cost.

　　For patients with ovulatory bleeding, those with mild symptoms can recover through self-care, and can eat more products such as turtles, tortoises, fish, shrimps, black-bone chickens, black sesame seeds, eggs, mushrooms, and fresh vegetables and fruits for nourishing, and eat less fried, fried, spicy and dry foods that help fire, and avoid greasy, greasy, and too sweet foods.

　　During the ovulation period, it is not advisable to eat cold, sour and spicy刺激性食物，drink more water, and keep the bowels regular. People with blood heat should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables before the period, and avoid eating刺激性食物 such as scallions, garlic, chives, and ginger.

　　Vaginal bleeding during the ovulation period is due to the fact that in each menstrual cycle, there is a follicle that gradually matures in fertile women, so the level of estrogen in the body also gradually increases; when the mature follicle breaks and ovulates, the level of estrogen in the body will suddenly drop, resulting in the inability to maintain the growth of the endometrium, causing local necrosis and desquamation of the endometrium, leading to slight vaginal bleeding.

　　After ovulation, the follicle rapidly becomes a corpus luteum, which can secrete a certain amount of estrogen and progesterone, so the damaged endometrium can be quickly repaired, and bleeding will stop automatically. Therefore, if there is slight bleeding, it is not necessary to treat it, but if there is a lot of bleeding and it occurs frequently, it is best to go to the hospital for a specific examination.