Idiopathic Segmental Infarction of the Omentum

　　Many scholars have explained the pathogenesis of primary segmental infarction of the omentum with different theories. It is generally believed that factors such as venous distension or abnormal venous return, a heavy omentum causing the vessels to elongate or/and damage to the endothelium, mild trauma or increased abdominal pressure, and anatomical variations of the omentum can lead to thrombosis of the omentum. The infarcted area is usually the free margin of the right omentum. The lesion mass is triangular, with most diameters of about 6 to 8 cm, and sometimes it can extend to surrounding tissues and parietal peritoneum. Microscopically, there is thrombosis of omental arteries and veins, as well as infiltration of multinucleated cells and round cells.

　　Omentitis (Omentitis) is mostly caused by various inflammatory diseases in the abdominal cavity. Common causes include tuberculous peritonitis, acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pelvic inflammatory disease, diverticulitis, and various types of peritonitis, which can all cause inflammation of the omentum. In severe cases, adhesions may form in the later stage. This acute inflammation generally subsides gradually with the cure of the primary disease focus.

　　Primary segmental infarction of the omentum is common in males aged 20 to 30 with good nutrition, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.5, and is closely related to obesity. Patients present with persistent severe right-sided abdominal pain, with right lower abdominal pain accounting for about 3/4. The pain is significantly exacerbated during activity, and nausea and vomiting are uncommon. Fever may occur. Abdominal examination shows localized tenderness, rebound tenderness, and muscle tension, with tenderness often located at McBurney's point and its surrounding area, where a mass or local fullness can be palpated. Skin hyperesthesia is a characteristic sign of the disease. White blood cell count is normal or slightly elevated.

　　Due to symptoms such as abdominal pain, tenderness and muscle tension in the lower right abdomen, and increased peripheral blood leukocyte count, it is often misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis, even acute cholecystitis. B-ultrasound examination can detect small amounts of ascites, and abdominal puncture may aspirate blood-containing ascites. It is often diagnosed only when an abdominal operation is performed for acute abdominal symptoms. Many patients with this condition are misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis, only to find blood-containing serous effusion in the peritoneal cavity during surgery, and then realize that an infarcted area can form a firm, red or purple-black mass.

　　Early detection and treatment of primary segmental infarction of the omentum is the key to prevention. If patients present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, tenderness and muscle tension in the lower right abdomen, as well as increased peripheral blood leukocyte count, they should be aware of the possibility of primary segmental infarction of the omentum. Therefore, it is necessary to undergo early examination and active treatment.

      What laboratory tests are needed for primary segmental infarction of the omentum

　　Dietary taboos for patients with primary segmental infarction of the omentum

　　Corn: Patients with primary segmental infarction of the omentum should eat more foods that are beneficial to abdominal venous blood circulation and pay more attention to regular life habits, which is very good for the treatment and prevention of primary segmental infarction of the omentum. Foods that are beneficial to abdominal venous blood circulation mainly include corn, tomatoes, apples, seaweed, and tea, etc.Contain unsaturated fatty acids in fats, especially linoleic acid, which is more than 60%. It helps the normal metabolism of fat and cholesterol in the human body, can reduce the deposition of cholesterol in blood vessels, and thus soften arterial vessels.

　　Tomatoes:Not only do they contain 2 to 4 times more vitamins than apples and pears, but they also contain vitamin rutin. It can improve the body's oxidative capacity, eliminate free radicals and other waste in the body, maintain vascular elasticity, and has the effect of preventing thrombosis formation.

　　Apples:Apples are rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, potassium, vitamin E and C, and other nutritional components, which can decompose the accumulated fat in the body, avoid obesity. It has a significant effect on delaying and preventing the onset of atherosclerosis.

　　Seaweed:Seaweed contains abundant fucoidan and alginate, which have similar heparin activity. They can prevent thrombosis and have the effects of lowering cholesterol and lipoproteins, and inhibiting atherosclerosis.

　　Tea:Contains tea polyphenols, which can improve the body's antioxidant capacity. It can reduce blood lipids, relieve hypercoagulable state of blood, and enhance the elasticity of red blood cells, relieve or delay atherosclerosis. Regular tea drinking can soften arterial vessels.

　　Primary segmental infarction of the omentum is relatively rare and is an acute vascular disease of the omentum of unknown etiology. The treatment principle of primary segmental infarction of the omentum is to widely resect the involved omental tissue.