Abdominal stroke syndrome

　　Abdominal stroke is not an independent disease, but a group of syndromes in clinical practice that manifest as intra-abdominal hemorrhage. The discovery of such cases often depends on laparotomy, and the etiology is not yet clear. Current research shows that essential hypertension, portal hypertension, and atherosclerosis are important risk factors for the disease. Abnormal development of abdominal blood vessels or congenital defects, pregnancy, endocrine, and inflammation may be related to such cases.

　　It is generally believed that in patients with hypertension and atherosclerosis, when affected by external or internal factors, blood pressure may suddenly rise, and the pressure on visceral aneurysms or vulnerable areas of atherosclerosis may increase. When it reaches a certain level, the blood vessels may rupture and bleed.

　　1. Atherosclerosis:It is a non-inflammatory disease of arteries, which can make the arterial wall thickened and hardened, lose elasticity, and narrow the lumen. Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease that appears with age, and its regularity is usually that it occurs in adolescence and becomes severe and symptomatic in middle and old age.

　　2. Hypertension:It is the most common chronic disease and the main risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease are its main complications.

　　3. Acute abdominal diseases:Common acute abdominal emergencies include: acute appendicitis, acute穿孔 of peptic ulcer, acute intestinal obstruction, acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, abdominal trauma, urinary system stones, and ectopic pregnancy rupture, and so on.

　　4. Shock:A clinical syndrome characterized by clinical features of neuro-humoral factor disorder and acute circulatory disorders due to acute insufficient effective circulating blood volume caused by various severe pathogenic factors. These pathogenic factors include massive hemorrhage, trauma, poisoning, burn, asphyxia, infection, allergy, heart pump dysfunction, and others.

　　1. The main symptoms are sudden severe abdominal pain, pale complexion, and blood pressure drop, accompanied by shock and peritoneal irritation signs.

　　2. There is often restlessness and unease.

　　3. Deep breathing, coughing, and turning the body can exacerbate the pain. Therefore, the patient cannot change their position.

　　4. Some patients may have peritoneal irritation signs, rapid onset of shock, accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

　　5. At the beginning of sudden abdominal pain, body temperature may be normal, but it will gradually rise afterwards. In elderly and weak patients, body temperature may not rise with the progression of the disease. Pulse usually accelerates with the rise in body temperature.

　　1. In addition to closely observing posture, expression, movement, and mood, it should also be guided to make detailed, true, and correct complaints to reflect the condition. Attention should be paid to their complaints about pain to obtain reliable, objective, and correct information about the condition.

　　2. Observation of abdominal signs: Understanding the nature, location, and degree of abdominal pain, whether it is sudden severe pain, cramping, cutting-like pain, or gradually worsening dull or bloating pain, whether it is intermittent or continuous pain, and whether there is radiation or referred pain. Where is the abdominal pain located, in the upper abdomen or lower abdomen, on the left or right side, localized to a specific area or affecting the entire abdomen?

　　In the diagnosis, in addition to relying on its clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations are also needed.

    1. Laboratory examination shows anemia, leukocytosis, and peritoneal puncture shows hemorrhagic ascites.

　　2. Abdominal X-ray may show a liquid level.

　　Firstly, what foods are good for abdominal stroke syndrome?

　　A light and nutritious diet, pay attention to dietary balance. The diet should be easy to digest and rich in nutrients, low in fat.

　　Secondly, what foods should be avoided for abdominal stroke syndrome?

　　Avoid spicy and刺激性 food, do not overeat and overdrink.

　　(The above information is for reference only, for detailed information, please consult a doctor)

　　1. For acute abdominal pain that is difficult to diagnose and needs to be observed further, initial treatment can be given with general support and symptomatic pain relief. Patients with shock need to be corrected in a timely manner and the patient's blood pressure, pulse, respiration, urine output, and consciousness level should be monitored.

　　2. Patients with concurrent infection should actively cooperate with anti-infection treatment. At the same time, closely observe the dynamic changes of the nature, location, and abdominal signs of abdominal pain. During the temporary period of fasting and water restriction, intravenous fluid therapy is provided to provide energy and maintain the patient's water and electrolyte balance and acid-base balance. Gastrointestinal decompression can be performed for patients with diffuse peritonitis, intestinal paralysis, or intestinal obstruction. Patients with a large amount of blood loss should be given blood transfusions in a timely manner to prevent hemorrhagic shock.

　　3. After observation and treatment, abdominal pain gradually subsides and remains stable for more than 3 days. In general, the patient's condition is good, and the symptoms are not obvious or the inflammation is localized, or the patient's general condition is poor and cannot tolerate surgical exploration and treatment. Most of them adopt non-surgical therapy.

　　4. Surgical treatment: When diagnosis is clear, some patients need to treat the focus, mainly through surgical resection of the focus or relief of obstruction factors. Sometimes the resection of the focus is difficult, and methods such as puncture repair, local necrotic tissue removal, and fistula creation can be adopted, and drainage tubes can be placed as needed. Abdominal emergencies have many causes, complex mechanisms, and severe and changing conditions. It takes a long time to seek preoperative diagnosis, which is not always possible, sometimes not allowed, and often requires early laparotomy.