Asthma

　　The occurrence of asthma is due to the internal accumulation of phlegm in the lung, which is often triggered by external infections, diet, emotions, fatigue, and other inducing factors, leading to the obstruction of the respiratory tract by phlegm, the lung losing its descending function, lung Qi rising abnormally, and the collision of phlegm and Qi resulting in a whistling and gasping sound.

　　1, External pathogens, such as wind-cold or wind-heat, invade the body and fail to disperse on the surface, causing the pathogen to accumulate in the lung, obstructing lung Qi, preventing the distribution of body fluid, and leading to the accumulation of phlegm. 'The Medical Record of Clinical Guidelines: Asthma' states: 'Chronic asthma...a severe and persistent disease...cold entering the back Shu points, internally affecting the lung system, and the accumulated pathogen obstructing Qi and phlegm.' Other factors such as inhaling pollen, dust, and odorous gases can also affect the lung's function of spreading Qi, leading to the condensation of body fluid into phlegm, which is also a common cause of asthma.

　　2, People with specific physical constitutions often suffer from improper diet, mistakenly eating foods they cannot consume, such as sea-scented fish, crabs, and shrimps, leading to weakened spleen function, improper digestion, internal accumulation of phlegm, and resulting in asthma. Therefore, there are ancient names like 'food asthma', 'fishy asthma', 'pickle asthma', 'sugar asthma', and 'vinegar asthma'.

　　3、体虚及病后体质不强，有因家族禀赋而病哮者，如《临证指南医案？哮》指出有“幼稚天哮”。部分哮病患者因幼年患麻疹、顿咳，或反复感冒，咳嗽日久等病，以致肺气亏虚，气不化津，痰饮内生；或病后阴虚火旺，热蒸液聚，痰热胶固而病哮。体质不强多以肾虚为主，而病后所致者多以肺脾虚为主。

　　上述各种病因，既是引起本病的重要塬因，亦为每次发作的诱因，如气候变化、饮食不当、情志失调、劳累过度等俱可诱发，其中尤以气候因素为主。诚如《症因脉治？哮病》所说：“哮病之因，痰饮留伏，结成巢臼，潜伏于内，偶有七情之犯，饮食之伤，或外有时令之风寒束其肌表，则哮喘之症作矣。”哮病的病理因素以痰为主，丹溪云：“哮病专主于痰。”

　　若哮病反复发作，寒痰伤及脾肾之阳，痰热伤及肺肾之阴，则可从实转虚。于是，肺虚不能主气，气不布津，则痰浊内蕴，并因肺不主皮毛，卫外不固，而更易受外邪的侵袭诱发；脾虚不能转输水津上归于肺，反而积湿生痰；肾虚精气亏乏，摄纳失常，则阳虚水泛为痰，或阴虚虚火灼津生痰，因肺、脾、肾虚所生之痰上贮于肺，影响肺之宣发肃降功能。可见，哮病为本虚标实之病，标实为痰浊，本虚为肺脾肾虚。因痰浊而导致肺、脾、肾虚衰；肺、脾、肾虚衰又促使痰浊生成，使伏痰益固，且正虚降低了机体抗御诱因的能力。本虚与标实互为因果，相互影响，故本病难以速愈和根治。发作时以标实为主，表现为痰鸣气喘；在间歇期以肺、脾、肾等脏器虚弱之候为主，表现为短气、疲乏，常有轻度哮症。若哮病大发作，或发作呈持续状态，邪实与正虚错综并见，肺肾两虚而痰浊又复壅盛，严重者因不能治理调节心血的运行，命门之火不能上济于心，则心阳亦同时受累，甚至发生“喘脱”危候。

　　痰阻气道，肺失肃降，痰气搏击引起的喉中哮鸣有声，呼吸急促困难，甚则喘息不能平卧等，是哮病的基本证候特征。本病呈发作性，发作突然，缓解迅速，一般以傍晚、夜间或清晨为最常见，多在气候变化，由热转寒，及深秋、冬春寒冷季节发病率高。发作前或有鼻痒、咽痒、喷嚏、流涕、咳嗽、胸闷等先兆症状。发作时病人突感胸闷窒息，咳嗽，迅即呼吸气促困难，呼气延长，伴有哮鸣，为减轻气喘，病人被迫坐位，双手前撑，张口抬肩，烦躁汗出，甚则面青肢冷。发作可持续数分钟、几小时或更长。

　　How should asthma be prevented

　　Asthma needs to do what kind of test

　　During an attack, wheezing sounds may be heard in both lungs, or accompanied by moist rales.

　　The blood eosinophil count may be elevated, and the sputum smear may show eosinophils.

　　The chest X-ray examination generally does not show any special changes, and changes in lung emphysema may be seen in patients with long-standing disease. Physical examination may show signs of lung emphysema.

　　First, asthma dietary therapy formula

　　1, Ephedra and Chuanxiong decoction for asthma

　　Formula: 9 grams of ephedra, 9 grams of gypsum, 9 grams of Chuanxiong.

　　Preparation and usage: Decocted in water and taken three times a day.

　　Its efficacy is used to treat asthma symptoms such as shortness of breath, headache, fever, expectoration of yellow sputum, thick and sticky sputum, and wheezing sound.

　　2, White grass root and mulberry bark decoction for asthma

　　Formula: 1 handful of white grass root, 1 handful of mulberry bark.

　　Preparation and usage: Decocted in water and taken after meals.

　　Its efficacy is used to treat bronchial asthma.

　　3, Luffa flower honey drink clears the lung and relieves asthma

　　Formula: 10 grams of luffa flowers, 15 grams of honey.

　　Preparation and usage: Clean the luffa flowers, put them in a cup, and pour boiling water over them. Cover and soak for 10 minutes, then stir in honey and mix well. Take it 3 times a day?C cough find?3 times.

　　Its efficacy is to clear heat, relieve cough, and reduce phlegm. It is used to treat lung heat cough, asthma, and other conditions.

　　4, Ginseng walnut soup for asthma

　　Formula: 6 grams of ginseng and 6 grams of walnuts.

　　Preparation and usage: decocted in water. Drink it twice or three times a day.

　　Its efficacy is to tonify the kidney and warm the lung. It is used to treat asthma, chronic cough, and other conditions caused by insufficient lung and kidney function.

　　Second, what foods should asthma patients eat that are good for their health

　　1, Foods that nourish the lung and resolve phlegm.

　　Such as water chestnuts, white radish.

　　2, Foods that tonify the kidney and consolidate the essence.

　　Walnut meat, Euryale ferox, persimmon.

　　3. Foods that invigorate the spleen and transform phlegm

　　Dried red dates, lotus seeds, white fungus, yam, etc.

　　Third, asthma should not eat those foods

　　1. Fatty meat, peanuts

　　Easy to produce phlegm, which can block the trachea.

　　2. Pear, spinach, bamboo shoots

　　Including cold foods, not suitable for TCM differential diagnosis of cold asthma patients to eat too much.

　　3. Beans, taro, sweet potato

　　Including bloating and indigestible foods, eating too much can easily cause abdominal distension and compression of the chest, aggravating respiratory difficulty.

　　Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) differential diagnosis and treatment of asthma

　　1. Attack period

　　Hot asthma:

　　Symptoms: Rough breathing, wheezing in the throat, high chest and side fullness, paroxysmal coughing, expectoration of yellow or white sputum, sticky, thick, difficult to expel, restless and uncomfortable, sweating, red face, bitter mouth, thirst for drinking, red tongue with yellow greasy fur, wiry and slippery or slippery and rapid pulse.

　　Treatment: Clear heat and ventilate the lung, transform phlegm and relieve asthma.

　　Qi-stagnation asthma:

　　Symptoms: Persistent coughing and asthma, dry cough with little sputum, or wheezing and gasping, accompanied by chest and胁胀 fullness, epigastric fullness and decreased appetite, irritability, onset related to emotions, women are closely related to menstruation. Thin and greasy fur, wiry pulse.

　　Treatment: Soothe the liver and regulate qi, relieve reverse and relieve asthma.

　　Cold asthma:

　　Symptoms: Rapid breathing, wheezing in the throat, chest and diaphragm fullness as if blocked, not very coughing, little sputum, not easy to expectorate, dark complexion with blue tinge, no thirst, or thirst for hot drinks, easy to trigger when it is cold or exposed to cold, feeling cold and afraid of cold, white slippery tongue fur, wiry and tight or floating and tight pulse.

　　Treatment: Warm the lung and disperse cold, transform phlegm and relieve asthma.

　　2. Remission period

　　Spleen deficiency:

　　Symptoms: Excessive sputum in daily life, fatigue and weakness, decreased appetite and loose stools, or easy diarrhea after eating greasy food, often triggered by improper diet, sallow complexion, pale tongue, thin and greasy or white slippery fur, thin and soft pulse.

　　Treatment: Strengthen the spleen and transform phlegm.

　　Kidney deficiency:

　　Symptoms: Shortness of breath and palpitations in daily life, more severe when moving, difficulty in breathing, lumbago and weak legs, dizziness and tinnitus, easy to develop asthma after fatigue, or aversion to cold and cold limbs, pale complexion, chubby and tender tongue, deep and thin pulse. Or with red cheeks, irritability, sticky sweat, red tongue with little fur, thin and rapid pulse.

　　Treatment: Nourish the kidney and absorb qi.

　　Lung deficiency:

　　Symptoms: Shortness of breath, low voice, expectoration of thin, white sputum, yellowish or pale complexion, sweating easily, fear of wind, prone to colds, often triggered by changes in weather, frequent sneezing before an attack, nasal congestion with clear runny nose, pale tongue with white fur, thin and weak or empty pulse.

　　Treatment: Tonify the lung and reinforce the defense.