Vulvar leukoplakia is also known as vulvar white damage, vulvar white lesions, or vulvar malnutrition. So-called vulvar leukoplakia actually refers to a disease characterized by tissue degeneration and pigment change caused by local nerve and blood vessel malnutrition of the vulva. Clinically, the white and thickened or atrophic diseases of the vulvar skin and mucosa are often collectively referred to as 'vulvar leukoplakia'.
Clinical pathological examination of atypical cell hyperplasia belongs to the category of 'Yin Itching', 'Yin Pain', and 'Yin Soreness' in traditional Chinese medicine. It is often due to the downward invasion of damp-heat along the liver meridian, or due to insufficient blood and excessive liver, deficiency of liver and kidney Yin, or decline of kidney Yang, leading to inability of essence and blood to nourish the vulva. Vulvar itching, sometimes with a burning or painful sensation. Vulvar leukoplakia, also known as vulvar white lesions, is a chronic vulvar dystrophy. It includes primary vulvar atrophy, atrophic scleroderma, vulvar leukoplakia, leukoplakic vaginitis, and dry vulva. Clinical doctors usually refer to the vulva disease with skin and mucosa becoming white and thickened into atrophy as vulvar leukoplakia. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is called Yin Xian, Yin Chuang, Yin Shi, and Yin Soreness, and this disease is a precancerous lesion. Benign keratotic lesions in the vulvar area are called leukoplakia. Long-term non-healing leukoplakia can further develop into vulvar leukoplakia. The etiology is unclear and may be related to systemic factors, such as diabetes and endocrine disorders. Local environmental factors of the vulva, such as humidity and heat, can induce vulvar leukoplakia. Histopathological examination shows proliferative lesions of the mucosal epithelium or epidermis, and under normal circumstances, the vulvar mucosa has no granular layer and stratum corneum. If leukoplakia or vulvar leukoplakia occurs, granular layer keratinization appears, and if it occurs at the transition area of the skin and mucosa of the labia majora, there is obvious hyperkeratosis, thickening of the granular layer, and hypertrophy of the stratum spinosum, approximately...80％损害为良性的白色角化病，其棘细胞层未见棘细胞异形性，一般无角化不良细胞，表皮下方为慢性炎性细胞浸润。而外阴白斑病则可见早期间变，即部分棘细胞出现异形性，核大小不一致，细胞大小亦不一致棘细胞排列紊乱，棘细胞浅层有角化不良细胞，称恶性角化不良细胞，真皮内有不同程度的炎性细胞浸润，真皮浅层胶原纤维无纯一化变性。
外阴白斑可发生于任何年龄，在妇女的各个时期：幼年期、青春期、更年期和老年期都有报道，但50岁前后的更年期者居多，病程长短不一，长者可达数十年。好发部位只要在阴蒂、小阴唇和大阴唇内侧沟间，有时发生于前庭、阴道及尿道口、后联合等处常呈对称性.
