Εξωτόμοση προσθύλακου κόλου

　　Anterior anal atresia is caused by incomplete development of the perineum, the anal orifice cannot be normally posteriorly displaced. The anterior anal atresia is an abnormal opening of the anal orifice, which may be accompanied by stricture or incontinence, also known as perineal anterior anal, external genital anal, anal displacement.

　　In addition to the general symptoms, anterior anal atresia can also cause other diseases. This disease is prone to complications such as infection of adjacent organs near the anal atresia, such as the scrotum. Attention should be paid to the hygiene of the anal orifice to prevent infection of adjacent organs.

　　The anterior anal atresia is an abnormal opening of the anal orifice, which may be accompanied by stricture or incontinence. The rectum has normally crossed the puborectalis muscle ring, but its lower segment is located in front, opening in front of the normal anal orifice, and the development of the external sphincter has a considerable thickness. Then, what are the clinical symptoms of anterior anal atresia? The following introduces the clinical symptoms of anterior anal atresia:

　　The anal shape is similar to normal, the anal margin skin has radial wrinkles, and the pigment is deeper, but its position is in front, between the normal anal area and the root of the scrotum or the posterior symphysis of the labia, called perineal anterior anal. Some girls have an external genital opening close to the posterior symphysis of the labia. It is also called the vestibular anal or external genital anal. The anal canal is covered with epithelium and surrounded by the external sphincter, with normal defecation function. Some children have a smaller opening and have difficulties defecating. A few cases due to the anal canal not crossing the center of the external sphincter, there are often fecal incontinence and other partial incontinence.

　　The above are the clinical symptoms of anterior anal atresia. If there are the above symptoms, the disease can be diagnosed. If it does not affect defecation, it may not be necessary to treat, but attention should be paid to hygiene.

　　Anterior anal atresia is a congenital disease with unknown etiology. There is currently no effective preventive measures. Attention should be paid to the hygiene of the anal orifice to prevent infection of adjacent organs. It should be highly emphasized by clinical doctors and patients.

　　In the diagnosis of anterior anal atresia, in addition to relying on its clinical manifestations, it also needs to be assisted by auxiliary examinations. The routine physical examination of this disease can be found by inspection, without the need for special examination methods. It should be highly emphasized by clinical doctors and patients.

　　The anterior anal atresia is an abnormal opening of the anal orifice, which may be accompanied by stricture or incontinence, belongs to low-grade malformation, because of incomplete development of the perineum, the anal orifice cannot be normally posteriorly displaced. If it affects defecation, surgical treatment is needed. Then, how should patients with anterior anal atresia diet after surgery? In response to this question, the following experts will briefly introduce how patients with anterior anal atresia after surgery should diet.

　　1experts say, patients with anal atresia should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables after surgery to keep the stool both formed and soft, which can reduce local irritation.

　　2post-anal atresia surgery1～3days later, can change to less residue semi-liquid diet, that is, thin porridge, paste, steamed egg custard, various vegetable purees, etc., each time half a bowl to1bowl, daily3or4time, between meals can add some liquid food.

　　3experts say, generally after surgery7～10days can transition to soft food, such as porridge, bread, apples, bananas, oranges, etc., daily3or4meal. Approximately1After a month, it can gradually transition to normal diet.

　　4、刚开始只喝少量温开水，如无特别不适感觉，可以改吃流质饮食，如菜汤、鱼汤、稀粥、蛋汤、无渣果汁等，进食量每顿从20～30毫升开始，逐渐增加到200～300毫升。

　　飞华健康网专家指出：肛门前异位患者在术后应禁忌辛辣刺激性食物，忌洋葱、大蒜、山芋等刺激性气味和胀气的食物，对于难以消化的食物，如牛奶、豆类、红薯等，肛门异位患者术后最好少吃或不吃。

　　肛门前异位为肛门开口异常，可伴有狭窄或失禁，又称会阴前肛门、外阴部肛门、肛门移位。那么，肛门前异位怎样治疗好呢?下面介绍肛门前异位的治疗方法。

　　轻度肛门前异位排便正常，不需治疗。开口较小排便不畅者，可用扩舡疗法。但扩肛不能矫正肛管前倾畸形，有的仍存在排便困难，对开口太小，扩肛无效者，半岁后可做肛门后切术。即沿前移肛门外口后侧切开1～20cm至正常肛门位置，切开肛管后壁，扩肛至示指能顺利插入，稍微游离直肠后壁，并与切开之肛门后方皮肤对合间断缝合。也有医师仅在肛门后皮肤纵行切开，不游离直肠，严密止血后伤口开放，术后反复扩肛，待到5岁时，排便控制不好可行二期肛门移位术。

　　肛门前异位的操作方法：

　　沿前移肛门口，环形切开皮肤，向上游离肛管约2cm，再以正常肛区外括约肌环形收缩的中心区为中点，做x形切开皮肤约1.5cm，分离皮下组织，仔细找到外括约肌，用血管钳经括约肌中心向上钝性分离扩张，使之形成肌管隧道，经括约肌匕方将游离的肛管引入肌管隧道，在肛管四周与外括约肌固定数针，肛管外口与新建肛门皮瓣交叉对合缝合固定，前侧切口分层缝合。

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