Shi Nu

　　The absence of a vagina in 'stone women' can be attributed to two reasons: one is due to the failure of the müllerian ducts to canalize during embryonic development, which form the uterus and vagina. The second reason is that the pregnant woman mistakenly takes medication in the early stages of pregnancy, such as using progesterone to preserve the pregnancy or taking antiepileptic drugs, where the components of the medication can affect the normal development of the fetal reproductive organs.

　　Stone women refer to congenital absence or atresia of the vagina, indicating poor development or absence of the vagina or vagina and uterus in the reproductive organs; pseudo-stone women refer to hymen atresia (or hypertrophy) or vaginal septum, indicating that the vagina and other reproductive organs are well developed, but due to abnormal conditions of the vagina or hymen, penile penetration is impossible, leading to inability to engage in sexual life and infertility.

　　Vaginal septum atresia is also a type of

    Stone women are congenital absence of the vagina and uterus, which is a malformation influenced by gene mutation during fetal development, seriously affecting the daily life of patients, so it should be actively prevented. However, there is currently no effective preventive method for this disease, so early detection and early treatment are of great significance for the treatment of the disease.

　　It is often discovered after menarche or on the night of the wedding. Pre-marital physical examination can detect it in time. Diagnosis is made through colposcopy, four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, karyotype, electrochemical luminescence hormone six items.

　　Stone women surgery patients often ask, what to eat after surgery?

　　Patients who prefer meat can refer to the following dietary combinations:

　　Breakfast should have fruit, such as an apple or pear, and add a bowl of sweet potato and steamed breakfast with pumpkin. Do not eat refined rice or noodles.

　　At noon: Fish head tofu soup.丝瓜. Carrot celery. Cabbage. Add two sweet potatoes.

　　In the evening: Kelp and rib soup. Corn. Mini pumpkin. Tofu. Green beans. Chicken. Most vegetables. Sprouts.

　　Add two pears. Eat more peanuts, walnuts, and about 7-8 red dates as dried fruits.

　　Patients who prefer vegetarian food can refer to the following diet:

　　In the morning: Fruit juice: blend apples, cucumbers, celery, etc., and squeeze the juice. For breakfast, eat a small bowl of coarse grains: beans and sweet potatoes, steamed breakfast with pumpkin. Do not eat refined rice or flour.

　　At noon: Drink mung bean soup or a soup made with silver ear and black fungus. Add two sweet potatoes. In the evening: drink some lemon juice, and have tofu, green beans, corn, kelp, carrots, and other vegetables for dinner. Eat more peanuts, walnuts, and about 7-8 red dates as dried fruits.

　　It is necessary to drink 6-8 cups of water every day, and the body will recover quickly.

　　The principle of treatment for congenital absence of the vagina is to reconstruct the vagina. There are many methods for the formation of artificial vagina, including non-surgical therapy, that is, top pressure method, but if the tissue elasticity is poor, it is difficult to succeed, and this method has been basically abandoned. The surgical therapy mainly involves separating the urethra-bladder and rectum to form an artificial cavity, applying different methods to find an appropriate cavity wound cover, and reconstructing the vagina.

　　1. Top pressure method

　　Non-surgical therapy involves gradually pushing the sealed vestibular mucosa at the normal vaginal position along the vaginal axis towards the cranial end using the method of top pressure, forming an artificial cavity. This method requires a long treatment period and the artificial vagina formed is short. If the tissue elasticity is poor, it is difficult to succeed, and this method has been basically abandoned.

　　2. Free Skin Graft Transplantation Method

　　Take a skin flap from the perineum or thigh and cover the artificial orifice. After the operation, the patient needs to use a rigid vaginal mold for a long time to expand the artificial vagina, preventing the shrinkage of the transplanted skin flap artificial cavity, increasing the patient's pain, and since the skin is not mucosa, the tissue characteristics differ greatly, the male partner cannot adapt.

　　3. Using Amniotic Membrane to Cover Artificial Orifice

　　Amniotic membrane is a heterologous tissue that cannot survive and can only temporarily obscure, eventually healing in the form of a scar, which also does not conform to the tissue characteristics of the mucosa and cannot be sexually active.

　　4. Pelvic Peritoneum

　　The disadvantage of covering the artificial orifice with a vulvar skin flap is that it can cause pain during sexual intercourse and is prone to infection.

　　5. Using Vulvar Skin Flap to Cover Artificial Orifice

　　Although it conforms to the tissue characteristics of the mucosa and can be sexually active, it destroys the normal vulvar morphology, which can be easily noticed by the male partner, affecting psychology.

　　6. Sigmoid Colon Vaginal Reconstruction

　　It can achieve both functional and morphological benefits, maintain a good sex life. Traditional surgery is performed by laparotomy, requiring an incision of about 15-20 cm in the midline of the lower abdomen. Twenty centimeters are cut from the sigmoid colon, sealed at the top, and placed in an artificial orifice. The surgical risk and trauma are both significant, and the abdominal wall scar affects aesthetics, and the 'vagina' discharge has an odor. Additionally, due to the thin muscle of the sigmoid colon wall, the 'vagina' may become loose after sexual intercourse, affecting sexual pleasure.

　　7. Oral Mucosa Transplantation Vaginal Reconstruction

　　In order to further improve the quality of life of women with stone vulva, lifelong dedication to improving and perfecting surgical techniques, including abdominal sigmoid colon vaginal reconstruction-laparoscopic sigmoid colon vaginal reconstruction-laparoscopic vaginal corner reconstruction-laparoscopic double-membrane vaginal shaping-biologic patch vaginal shaping-oral mucosa transplantation vaginal reconstruction-suture suspension vaginal reconstruction. The oral mucosa transplantation vaginal reconstruction involves taking a part of the stone vulva's own oral mucosa and applying it inside the newly formed vagina, which will heal in 14 days. It achieves the ideal of reconstructing a near-normal vagina with minimal cost, compared to the laparoscopic vaginal corner reconstruction, the postoperative care is simple, the bleeding time is short, and sexual intercourse can be resumed after 30 days. It is more suitable for those with deeper vaginal fornix or those in a hurry to get married. It is an upgraded version of the vaginal corner reconstruction surgery.