Tubal adhesion

　　The pathogenesis is not very clear. It may be due to chronic infection causing adhesion blockage at the ostium, with the accumulation of fallopian tube fluid and inflammatory exudate in the ampulla. The isthmus is thick-walled and narrow, and if there is adhesion blockage again, it is difficult to drain the fluid in the tube, which is not easy to absorb, forming cystic effusion, without adhesion or with mild adhesion to adjacent tissues.

　　1. Infection after gynecological surgery:After artificial abortion and sterilization or removal of the ring, if the sterilization is not strict or the operation is not proper, it is very likely to cause gynecological inflammation, which may lead to postoperative infection, thus causing tubal adhesion.

　　2. Neglecting personal hygiene during menstruation:During the menstrual period, the endometrium of the uterus will be shed, and the blood sinus in the uterine wall will open. The female reproductive system is very fragile and is prone to infection.

　　3. Infection after childbirth or abortion:After childbirth or abortion, the physical condition of female friends is relatively weak. The cervix does not close well after dilation, and the bacteria existing in the vagina and cervix may infect the fallopian tube, leading to inflammation and adhesion.

　　4. The spread of inflammation from adjacent organs:Pelvic adnexitis. The infection of the pelvis causes adhesion around the fallopian tube, attaching the tubal adhesion to the pelvic wall, ultimately leading to tubal adhesion.

　　1. Infertility caused by tubal adhesion in patients

　　The greatest consequence of tubal adhesion is to cause female infertility. The fallopian tube plays an important role in female reproductive function, located at the 'fortress' where sperm pass through and sperms combine with eggs, as well as the movement of the fertilized egg. Once tubal adhesion occurs, even if the egg has been fertilized, it cannot enter the uterus and cannot become pregnant. If it stays in the fallopian tube to develop, it may become a dangerous ectopic pregnancy.

　　2. Ectopic pregnancy caused by tubal adhesion in patients with tubal adhesion

　　Many women are prone to fallopian tube adhesion. If completely adhesed, the patient will not have a chance to get pregnant. However, if there is partial adhesion, the patient has a chance of pregnancy, but the chance of ectopic pregnancy is very high.

　　3. Abdominal pain in patients with fallopian tube adhesion

　　Many patients with fallopian tube adhesion have a feeling of lower abdominal pain, some have a sense of rectal distension, and severe cases may be restless and have difficulty moving. The pain usually lasts for 3-7 days and occurs periodically.

　　4. Inflammation in patients with fallopian tube adhesion

　　In addition to the inflammatory distress caused by fallopian tube adhesion, female patients may also experience thick, purulent leukorrhea, which contains a large number of leukocytes. These leukocytes can engulf sperm, making it impossible for sperm to enter the uterine cavity to combine with the ovum.

　　5. Chronic pelvic inflammation

　　Chronic pelvic inflammation is due to a history of pelvic inflammation in patients, usually presenting with lower abdominal pain or lower back pain, generally during the menstrual period, after sexual activity, or after fatigue, with pain exacerbation, an increase in menstrual volume, and prolonged menstrual periods, etc., indicating menstrual irregularities. However, the systemic symptoms are not very prominent. The impact of this pelvic inflammation is due to fallopian tube adhesion.

　　6. Tuberculosis

　　Pelvic tuberculosis is caused by fallopian tube tuberculosis, and this condition is usually characterized by lower abdominal pain, swelling, and a sense of坠坠，with pain usually mild, without particularly刺激性 pain.

　　7. Endometriosis

　　Pain in the endometrium is the most prominent manifestation, generally divided into dysmenorrheal and pelvic pain. The pain caused by endometriosis inflammation is typical and directly related to the menstrual situation. One type is secondary dysmenorrhea, and the other is progressive, usually occurring in the lower abdomen and sacrum, gradually radiating to the vagina and outside the anus.

　　1. Infertility:The first manifestation is infertility. Among infertility patients, about 1/3 of the causes are due to fallopian tube factors. Among these, infections, especially tuberculosis, are particularly important, as they often easily cause severe damage to the endometrium and tube wall of the fallopian tubes, as well as irreversible damage.

　　2. Pain:The usual pain is mostly dull pain in the lower abdomen, lower back pain, and occurs more often during the menstrual period and after sexual activity, or after fatigue, with pain exacerbation, and an increase in menstrual volume, as well as changes such as prolonged menstruation.

　　3. Abnormal menstruation:Some women may experience abnormal menstrual phenomena, with severe cases having two menstrual periods in a month, dark menstrual blood with clots indicating blood heat, yellow menstrual blood indicating damp-heat, and pale, loose menstrual blood indicating deficiency heat. Over a long period of time, inflammation does not subside.

　　4. Occasional low fever:Severe illness may present with signs of ascites, along with some physical characteristics, but systemic symptoms are not prominent, with occasional low fever, such as persistent treatment without improvement. This can severely affect the quality of life of the patient. If it is a severe case, the patient often has weight loss and abdominal tenderness, and sometimes signs of ascites. When encapsulated effusion forms, an inactive, indistinct cystic mass can be felt in the pelvic cavity.

　　5, Hirsutism:This disease is mostly caused by hormonal imbalance, and patients will secrete excessive androgens, which will make patients have masculine tendencies and appear symptoms of hirsutism.

　　6, Obesity:Due to long-term stimulation by hormones, it will lead to obesity in patients, affecting the physical and mental health of women.

　　1, Most fallopian tube adhesion is caused by chronic salpingitis. Therefore, in daily life, women must avoid the occurrence of salpingitis. Once inflammation occurs, timely hospital visits for corresponding examinations and treatments are necessary.

　　2, Women should pay special attention to hygiene during menstrual periods, pregnancy, puerperium, and after abortion in their daily lives. These special periods are very susceptible to bacterial infections, and attention must be paid. In addition, if an intrauterine device is placed for a long time, it is also easy to cause fallopian tube adhesion.

　　If you need to undergo gynecological surgery or abortion surgery, etc., you should choose the hospital carefully, because if the operation is performed improperly and causes infection, triggering inflammation, it is easy to cause fallopian tube adhesion. Therefore, women should avoid infection after surgery.

　　1, Fallopian tube scope examination:It is an endoscopic instrument for microscopic examination of the internal structure of the fallopian tube lumen. Through the fallopian tube scope, direct observation of local fine lesions in the fallopian tube lumen can be made, such as lesions of the fallopian tube mucosa and the immotile cilia syndrome of the fallopian tube. It is only used as an endoscopic examination for excluding abnormal internal structure and function of the fallopian tube lumen.

　　2, Laparoscopy:Laparoscopy has both diagnostic and therapeutic effects on fallopian tube obstruction. It can treat the disease while detecting the lesion, integrating the functions of diagnosis and treatment. In addition, it has a very high safety, so the cost of fallopian tube obstruction by laparoscopy is relatively high.

　　3, Hysteroscopy:It is mainly used to understand the internal situation of the uterine cavity, especially a method to understand the opening of the fallopian tubes. At the same time, it can be used to insert a catheter and infuse fluid, which can judge whether the fallopian tubes are patent, but cannot determine the blocked部位 and degree of the fallopian tubes, because the fallopian tubes are a pipeline structure that extends from the uterus.

　　4, Fallopian tube hydrotubation:Fallopian tube hydrotubation has been abandoned by the World Health Organization because it is a blind operation, and it is impossible to see the specific process of the injected fluid in the patient's body. It cannot clearly determine the location and nature of the fallopian tube obstruction and may pose a risk of fallopian tube rupture and massive hemorrhage.

　　5, Hysterosalpingography:Hysterosalpingography is currently the best method to check whether the fallopian tubes are patent. The造影检查is conducted under the full control of a computer, observing the shape of the contrast medium filling the cervix, uterus, and bilateral fallopian tubes. At the same time, filming leaves a record, which can understand whether the fallopian tubes are patent, the blocked部位, and at the same time, the shape of the uterus and fallopian tubes can be understood. In clinical application, it still has an irreplaceable role.

　　1. Supplement fresh milk daily, increase the intake of staple foods, and eat more coarse grains rich in vitamin B and trace elements.

　　2. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables to meet the daily needs of vitamin A, C, calcium, and iron.

　　3. Add 1-2 eggs to your diet every day. Eggs are rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus, and various other vitamins.

　　4. Legumes contain a large amount of easily digestible protein, vitamin B, vitamin C, iron, and calcium. Soybean sprouts and mung bean sprouts are also rich in vitamin E.

　　5. Meats and fish are rich in a large amount of protein.

　　1. Fallopian Tube Wire Interventional Reopening Surgery

　　This technique is the most advanced in the treatment of fallopian tube diseases. Its principle is to use the advanced COOK catheter technique under the clear view of photoelectric equipment, and then intervene in the female abdominal cavity to unblock the adhesion site. This method is effective, painless, does not require complex laparotomy surgery, is painless, and can basically be completed in about 30 minutes. Clinical evidence shows that the cure rate can reach above 95%, and most patients can become pregnant within half a year.

　　2. Chinese Medicine Three-stage Therapy

　　Traditional Chinese medicine also has a unique therapy for treating fallopian tube adhesion, with no side effects and significant effects. Usually, the treatment is divided into three stages according to the patient's condition, which can effectively unblock the adhesion and blockage of the fallopian tube. It works quickly, has a wide range of treatment, and is suitable for female infertility caused by various causes, especially for infertility caused by endocrine disorders and menstrual irregularity, which has a very significant effect.

　　3. Hysteroscopy and Laparoscopy Combined Minimally Invasive Technique

　　This technique is highly praised by patients due to its high cure rate. The hysteroscope and laparoscope provide the attending physician with a clear view, achieving the effect of simultaneous diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, it does not require surgery, the recovery is fast, and it also reduces the economic burden on patients. It can accurately, quickly, and effectively solve infertility caused by fallopian tube blockage and adhesion.