Gartner duct cyst

　　Gonadogenic cysts originate from the embryonic remnants of the urogenital ridge and are relatively rare in clinical practice. In the early stage of embryonic development, both males and females have two sets of tubes related to the reproductive organs within the urogenital ridge, namely the mesonephric duct (including mesonephric tubules) and the Müllerian duct, one on each side. Some parts may remain when they evolve into adult organs, resulting in cysts or tumors. In females, the Müllerian duct differentiates into the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina, while the mesonephric duct regresses. The remnants can form Gartner's duct cysts in the adult ovary, fallopian tube, broad ligament, cervical canal, and vaginal wall.

　　Gartner's duct cysts are common in newborns and occur around the clitoris, labia minora, and vaginal orifice, being semi-transparent small cysts with thin walls. There is no need to worry too much when newborns have such symptoms. Because Gartner's duct cysts usually subside within a few weeks after birth and generally do not cause complications. If the cyst grows or causes pain, treatment should first be to puncture with a small needle to aspirate the fluid, and then surgery can be performed after confirmation. There is no need to worry too much about this disease.

　　Gartner's duct cysts are semi-transparent small cysts around the clitoris, labia minora, and vaginal orifice, appearing at the vaginal orifice. Attention should be paid to differentiate them from vaginal hydrops. The cyst wall of hymen cysts is covered with a single layer of cuboidal or columnar epithelium, occasionally stratified squamous epithelium, and sometimes different types of epithelium can be seen at different parts of the cyst wall. This disease usually subsides within a few weeks after birth.

　　1. Pay attention to hygiene in daily life, use a weakly acidic feminine hygiene fluid to clean the vulva to maintain the natural self-cleaning function of the vagina, and prevent pathogenic bacteria from entering.

　　2. Maintain moderate sexual activity and avoid overexertion. Pay attention to sexual hygiene, and the partner should pay attention to removing the prepuce of the penis.

　　3. Practice family planning, adopt contraception measures, and try to avoid mechanical damage to the cervix from multiple abortions. At the same time, strict asepsis should be observed during gynecological surgery to prevent iatrogenic infections and injuries.

　　4. Avoid damage to the cervix during childbirth. If cervical laceration is found, it should be sutured promptly and antibiotics should be used.

　　5. Pay attention to hygiene during menstruation, abortion, and postpartum periods. Strictly avoid sexual intercourse and bath in a basin to prevent pathogenic bacteria from entering.

　　6. During the treatment of chronic cervical inflammation, sexual intercourse should be prohibited. Stop local medication during menstruation. Avoid spicy and greasy foods during treatment.

　　7. Regular gynecological examinations should be conducted to detect cervical inflammation and receive active treatment.

　　8, Pay attention to physical exercise, pay attention to nutrition and hygiene appropriately, and ensure physical and mental health.

　　8, Control and treat the acute stage of cervicitis thoroughly to prevent it from transforming into chronic cervicitis.

　　When a newborn has vulvar swelling, it should be carefully examined to find the hymen opening, and a blunt probe should be slowly inserted into the vagina. At this time, it is necessary to differentiate from the hymen prolapse caused by vaginal hydrosalpinx. Vaginal hydrosalpinx is caused by the hymen being without a hole. Because the cervical glands of the fetus are stimulated by maternal estrogen during the embryonic period, the secretion increases after birth and accumulates in the vagina, causing the hymen to be obviously prolapsed, resembling a cyst. During diagnosis, rectal examination is also needed, gently separating the labia minora, if the vaginal opening cannot be found and the hymen prolapses, it is a vaginal hydrosalpinx. The cyst wall of the hymen cyst is covered with a single layer of cuboidal or columnar epithelium, occasionally stratified squamous epithelium, and sometimes different types of epithelium can be seen at different parts of the cyst wall.

　　Firstly, intake of protein: patients with Gartner duct cysts should ensure adequate intake of protein, such as lean meat, chicken, fish, eggs, legumes, etc.; at the same time, some starchy substances such as noodles, rice, potatoes, etc. should also be consumed. Protein and starch can produce important substances that promote the regeneration of skin, muscles and bones, and can also enhance the physical quality of patients, stimulate the circulatory system, and ensure the normal operation of the body's repair function.

　　Secondly, eat fresh fruits and vegetables: experts point out that eating more fresh fruits and vegetables, which are rich in dietary fiber, has a great effect on preventing constipation in patients with Gartner duct cysts. Vitamin C, β-carotene and other essential nutrients also have a good effect on the recovery of patients with Gartner duct cysts.

　　Thirdly, it is reasonable diet: diet should be rich in nutrition, light, easy to digest, avoid eating cold, spicy and刺激性 food, maintain sufficient body qi, smooth Qi and blood, and maintain physical and mental health.

　　The Gartner duct cyst usually disappears spontaneously within a few weeks after birth and does not require treatment. If the cyst grows larger or causes pain and needs to be treated, the fluid should first be aspirated by a small needle, and surgery can be performed after confirmation. For vaginal hydrosalpinx, the hymen can be incised to achieve the therapeutic goal.