Testicular pain

　　Testicular pain is the most common cause of testicular pain in men. Testicular pain is caused by the pain syndrome in the testicle. Most of the time, it is caused by the deterioration of testicular diseases, and the stimulation of the pain syndrome causes the testicle to feel pain. Moreover, the existence of testicular pain can seriously damage male testicular function, reduce the ability of the testicle to produce sperm, and if not treated in time, it can lead to male infertility.

　　Epididymal pain is also a cause of testicular pain. The epididymis is adjacent to the testicle. Pain caused by infection in the epididymis can also spread to the testicle, just like testicular pain, which can stimulate the testicle and cause testicular pain in men. Epididymal pain can also damage the testicle, leading to male infertility.

　　Scrotal pain is also a cause of testicular pain in men. The scrotum is responsible for the growth and development of sperm, as well as the temporary storage of sperm. Scrotal pain not only stimulates the testicles but also damages the sperm in the seminal vesicle, causing sperm death and reducing male fertility, leading to male infertility.

　　There are also other diseases that can cause testicular pain in men, such as prostate pain, male endocrine disorders, and urinary tract infections. The presence of these diseases can lead to testicular pain in men.

　　It often occurs after heavy physical labor, such as lifting heavy objects, or can appear after intense sexual excitement. In addition, injuries caused by urethral instrument operations can lead to epididymal pain, and post-prostatectomy can also be complicated by epididymal pain.

　　1. Epididymal pain

　　Sperm is temporarily stored here after production. Epididymal pain is more common in people around 30 years old, mostly due to persistent urinary tract infections caused by bacteria, leading to bacteria entering the epididymis through the seminal duct. It often occurs with pain in the posterior urethra, prostate, and seminal vesicle. The pain can be unilateral or bilateral, and the onset can be acute or chronic.

　　2. Testicular pain

　　The pain in the epididymis often spreads directly to the testicle, caused by bacteria. On the other hand, acute testicular pain in children is usually caused by the mumps virus.

　　3. Varicocele

　　The incidence of varicocele accounts for 10% of men aged 30 to 40. 90% of them occur on the left side, due to the stasis of testicular venous blood flow, resulting in the expansion, tortuosity, and elongation of the venous plexus. Varicocele can also be caused by renal tumors. The reason why varicocele is worth attention is that it may be accompanied by testicular atrophy and spermatogenic disorders, leading to infertility.

　　Acute pain is more common in testicular pain and injury. In addition to blood-borne infection, more common is the bacteria that travel backward from the urethra to the epididymis and testicles, causing epididymal pain and testicular pain. Clinically, there may be swelling and pain in the epididymis and testicles, and there is a history of trauma and local swelling and ecchymosis in testicular injury. Intense exercise or sexual activity, violence can sometimes cause a strong contraction of the cremaster muscle, leading to torsion of the testicle with a long pedicle and causing severe testicular pain. Since testicular torsion blocks the blood supply to the testicle, in addition to severe pain, there may be swelling of the scrotum and edema of the skin. Relatively speaking, the diagnosis of acute pain is relatively easy.

　　Chronic pain may last for a long time in mild cases. The pain is mild, generalized, and has a radiating pain, so it is not easy to judge the exact location of the pain. The pain of the testicles does not necessarily correlate with the severity of the pain syndrome. Some people have a high degree of nerve sensitivity, and mild pain can cause severe pain; while others are more slow and have a light feeling. Some pain occurs after sexual activity, which may be due to the high congestion of the reproductive organs and glands caused by sexual excitement. Some pain is due to varicocele or pain from other parts, such as the testicular radiating pain caused by ureteral calculi. In this case, it is necessary to carefully identify the true cause in order to treat the symptoms effectively.

　　1. Loose four-cornered underwear is a better way to prevent testicular abnormalities. Loose and hanging, maintaining the natural shape of the testicles is the best, so four-cornered pants are better than tight triangle pants, and it is a good method to prevent testicular abnormalities.

　　2. Pay attention to 'sitting' office workers who need to strengthen physical exercise. Sitting for more than 10 hours a day is more likely to get testicular cancer.

　　3. Check your testicles yourself; they should feel like a firm boiled egg, smooth and solid, but not hard. Pay attention to any lumps or hard areas and do not ignore them, so that testicular abnormalities can be quickly recognized if they occur.

　　4. To prevent testicular abnormalities, reduce fatty foods. A diet high in fat content can interfere with the production of testosterone and is associated with the occurrence of testicular abnormalities. Therefore, it cannot be said that men who eat a lot of meat and drink heavily are more masculine; they may look good but not be useful. On the contrary, those who have a light diet, a regular lifestyle, exercise regularly, and seem to have a moderate lifestyle are more sexually capable.

　　5. Pay attention to a regular lifestyle, balance work and rest, and avoid smoking and drinking alcohol as well as spicy and stimulating foods.

　　6. Maintain smooth defecation.

　　7. Avoid long periods of sitting.

　　8. Avoid frequent sexual activity.

　　9. Take a warm bath twice a day, controlling the water temperature between 42℃ and 50℃, for 20 to 30 minutes each time.

　　1. Blood routine examination shows an increase in white blood cells and neutrophils;

　　2. Urinalysis; microscopic hematuria and leukocytes can be seen;

　　3. Pathogenic bacteria can be found in the urine during the acute stage, and syphilis serum test can be performed when necessary to exclude syphilis tumors. Chronic testicular pain is mild, generalized, has radiation pain, so it is not easy to determine the exact location of the pain. Some pain may come from varicocele of the spermatic cord or radiation from pain in other parts.

　　4. China has reported that using poly-OT as the antigen, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used to measure the pain IgG antibody in urine, patients with testicular pain have pain IgG antibody in their urine, the positive rate can reach 89.1%, but the positive result only indicates a past pain infection, with poor specificity.

　　5. Pain bacterium test is a method to check if the human body is infected with pain bacilli, it is most commonly used in lung pain disease, but it also has reference value for pain lesions in other organs of the body.

　　6. Testicular pain is a chronic and long-term condition, a consumptive disease, therefore, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate can increase.

　　Testicular pain is mainly manifested by hardness, resistance to pressure, aversion to cold, fever, short and dark urine, red tongue coating, thin yellow or greasy tongue coating, and slippery and rapid pulse. Treatment should focus on clearing heat and dampness, detoxifying and reducing boils. The following food therapy recipes can be chosen:

　　1. Cactus Flower Lean Pork Soup: The main ingredients are 15g cactus flowers, 100g lean pork, and appropriate seasonings. Wash the cactus flowers and finely chop them: wash the lean pork, slice it, put it in a pot, add an appropriate amount of water, boil it, then add scallions, ginger, pepper, garlic, and cook the pork until it is tender. Add the cactus flowers, salt, monosodium glutamate, and boil for one or two boils before serving. Take one dose daily.

　　2. Cactus and Chrysanthemum Stir-fried Chicken Slices: The main ingredients are 50g fresh chrysanthemum flowers, 100g fresh cactus, 100g chicken breast meat, 2 eggs, and appropriate seasonings. Wash the chicken meat, slice it, coat it with a mixture of egg whites and seasonings: heat a large amount of oil, when the oil temperature is about 120 degrees, pour the coated chicken slices into the oil, stir-fry until they are cooked, then pour them into a colander to drain the oil: leave some oil in the pot, add ginger and scallions to sauté, add the chicken slices, stir-fry, add cooking wine, add various seasonings, add the cactus slices and chrysanthemum flowers to stir-fry together, add a small amount of clear soup, cover and simmer for a moment, then drizzle with sesame oil and stir-fry to finish, and serve in a dish. Take one dose daily.

　　3. Pumpkin Flower Meatball Soup: The main ingredients are 5 pumpkin flowers and 50g lean pork, with appropriate seasonings. Rinse the pumpkin flowers with water, drain them: peel off the roots of the scallions, wash and chop them into small pieces: mix the minced meat with seasonings and scallion pieces, form them into meatballs, cook them in boiling water until they float to the surface, add the pumpkin flowers, boil for two more rounds, add more seasonings, and then boil for one or two boils to finish. Take one dose daily.

　　4. Chinese Lily Flower and Dandelion Salad: The main ingredients are fresh Chinese Lily flowers, fresh dandelion flowers, and appropriate seasonings. Wash the fresh Chinese Lily flowers and dandelion flowers, finely chop the dandelion flowers, place them in a large bowl, mix in scallions, ginger, monosodium glutamate, salt, sesame oil, vinegar, garlic, and mix well for consumption. Take two doses daily.

　　5. Stir-fried Ipomoea: The main ingredients are Ipomoea and appropriate seasoning. Wash the Ipomoea, cut it into sections, heat a suitable amount of vegetable oil in a pot, add scallions and ginger to scent, then add the Ipomoea, stir-fry until it is cooked, add salt, monosodium glutamate, garlic, and other seasonings, and it is ready to serve. Take two doses a day.

　　The treatment of orchitis pain should be based on the determination of the cause and the corresponding treatment. If the cause cannot be found in a timely manner, symptomatic treatment such as sedation and analgesia can be adopted. If necessary, caudal anesthesia can be used for treatment, which can block the恶性循环 between the source of neuralgia and the brain's pain center. Some people associate pain with masturbation and carry the heavy burden of guilt all day. Little do they know that excessive anxiety and excessive attention to sexual performance ability can lead to sexual dysfunction such as psychogenic impotence.

　　The traditional treatment methods for orchitis pain are the use of antibiotics, analgesics, and surgical drainage, each with its advantages and disadvantages:

　　On the one hand, antibiotics and analgesics can only relieve temporary pain, treating the symptoms rather than the root cause, and the effect cannot be immediate. Moreover, long-term use will make pathogenic bacteria resistant, and the side effects are also significant.

　　On the one hand, since the disease often coexists with urethral pain and prostatic pain, and urethral pain and prostatic pain are relatively difficult to treat infectious diseases, this directly increases the difficulty of treating orchitis.

　　(1) General treatment: bed rest, local hot compress, elevation of the scrotum, and appropriate strengthening of sports activities such as anal exercises.

　　(2) Antibiotics are ineffective for viral orchitis, and traditional Chinese medicine should be used for diagnosis and treatment. Oral fluoroquinolone, 0.2g each time, three times a day; or Tazocin, 0.2g each time, twice a day, for 5-7 days. Intravenous penicillin 6.4 million units per day, divided into two doses in the morning and evening, for 3-5 days. Those allergic to penicillin can use lactic acid ceftriaxone injection for intravenous infusion, 200mg each time for adults, once every 12 hours, for a course of 3-5 days. It can also be injected intramuscularly with gentamicin, 80,000 units each time, twice a day, for a course of 3-5 days.