Vaginitis atrophicum

　　The main cause of vaginitis atrophicum is the decline of ovarian function, the decrease or lack of estrogen levels in the body, the reduction of glycogen content in vaginal epithelial cells, and the alkaline vaginal pH value, which reduces the ability to kill pathogenic bacteria. At the same time, due to the atrophy of the vaginal wall, the thinning of the mucosa, insufficient blood supply, and the reduced resistance of the vagina, it is easy for bacteria to invade and reproduce, causing inflammatory lesions. In addition, poor personal hygiene habits, malnutrition, especially a lack of B-group vitamins, may be related to the onset of the disease. In addition, the occurrence of the disease can be caused by the surgical removal of both ovaries, early ovarian failure, post-pelvic radiotherapy, long-term amenorrhea, and long-term breastfeeding.

　　Vaginitis atrophicum easily leads to complications such as urethritis or urinary incontinence.

　　1. Urethritis: Urethritis is a common disease, more common in women, and is clinically divided into acute and chronic, non-specific urethritis and gonococcal urethritis. The latter two have similar clinical manifestations and must be differentiated based on medical history and bacteriological examination.

　　2. Urinary incontinence: Incontinence of urine is not noticed when awake, or the frequency of urination is difficult to control. Especially in women over 50, urination occurs when coughing loudly or exerting force. It is more common in people with deficiency-cold, with clear and colorless urine. For those with heat, urination is frequent and difficult to control, and the urine is yellow and red.

　　What are the typical symptoms of senile vaginitis? Briefly described as follows:

　　1. Increased vaginal discharge, thin discharge,呈淡yellow, in severe cases呈脓血性白带, with an unpleasant smell.

　　2. Pruritus or burning sensation in the vulva, examination shows the vagina presents senile changes, epithelial atrophy, wrinkles disappear, and the epithelium becomes smooth and thin.

　　3. Vaginal mucosal congestion and swelling, also visible mucosal hemorrhagic points or hemorrhagic spots, the most obvious ones are the fornix and cervix. In severe cases, superficial ulcers or erythema and erosion of the vulva may also occur. If the ulcer surface adheres to the opposite side, bleeding may occur when the adhesion is separated during vaginal examination. Severe adhesion may cause vaginal stenosis or even closure. Poor drainage of inflammatory secretions can lead to vaginal abscess or uterine cavity abscess.

　　4. Vaginal mucosal atrophy, which may be accompanied by dyspareunia, and sometimes urinary incontinence.

　　5. Infection can also invade the urethra, causing symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency, and pain in the urinary system.

　　How to prevent senile vaginitis? Briefly described as follows:

　　1. Eliminate various infection pathways, keep the perineum clean and dry, wash the external genitals with clean water every night, use separate basins, and never use hands to scoop the vagina, nor use hot water, soap, etc. to wash the external genitals. During pelvic inflammatory disease, the amount of leukorrhea is increased, and the quality is thick, so change underwear frequently, do not wear tight, synthetic fiber underwear.

　　3. Vaginal bleeding after menstruation, post-abortion, and gynecological surgery such as insertion and removal of the ring, sexual activity should be strictly prohibited, swimming, bathtub, and sauna bath should be prohibited, and sanitary napkins should be changed frequently. At this time, the body's resistance is low, pathogenic bacteria are easy to enter, causing infection.

　　2. Do not take antibiotics for a long time, as long-term use can lead to vaginal flora disorder, causing increased vaginal discharge, white, cottage cheese-like leukorrhea. At this time, you should go to the hospital immediately to rule out candidal vaginitis.

　　4. Fever patients usually sweat a lot when they are feverish, so they should pay attention to keeping warm, keeping the body dry, and changing clothes and pants after sweating, avoiding air conditioning or direct convection wind.

　　5. Maintain smooth defecation and observe the characteristics of feces. If there is pus in the stool or a sense of urgency, seek medical attention immediately.

　　What laboratory tests are needed for senile vaginitis? Briefly described as follows:

　　1. Routine leukorrhea test, positive for pus cells.

　　2. Smears of secretions for microbiological examination to exclude trichomoniasis and candidal infection.

　　3. Detection of infectious pathogens, Gram staining of smears to check for Gram-negative diplococci within the cells, and culture of secretions for gonococcal infection can be performed.

　　4. Vaginal acidity and alkalinity, pH value > 4.5.

　　5. Vaginal epithelial cells for detection of ovarian function.

　　6. Polymerase chain reaction for genetic diagnosis of infectious diseases.

　　What are the dietary taboos for patients with senile vaginitis? Briefly described as follows:

　　1. Eat more light and nutritious food, such as milk, beans, vegetables, fruits, etc.

　　2. Diet should be light and soft, you can choose to cook porridge with ingredients such as glutinous rice, glutinous rice, yam, mung bean, lotus seed, Job's tears, lily, jujube, longan meat, chestnut, black sesame, black soybean, walnut kernel, etc. to nourish the spleen and kidney.

　　3. Take 1 to 2 tablespoons of fresh royal jelly with cool water on an empty stomach in the morning and evening, and stick to drinking a cup of fresh soy milk every day, or eat a serving of soy products.

　　4. You can take a suitable amount of vitamin B complex. Goji berries, walnuts, seaweed, etc., are rich in B vitamins and can be eaten appropriately more.

　　5. Avoid spicy and刺激性 foods such as scallion, ginger, garlic, chili, etc., to prevent vaginal itching.

　　6. Avoid seafood, such as mandarin fish, yellow croaker, hairtail fish, black croaker, shrimp, crab, etc.

　　7. Avoid sweet and greasy foods, such as lard, fatty pork, butter, beef butter, mutton butter, etc.; high sugar foods, such as chocolate, candy, sweet pastries, cream cakes, etc.

　　For the pathogenesis of senile vaginitis, treatment should start from improving the vaginal environment, increasing the resistance of the vaginal mucosa, and inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria.

　　1. Improve the vaginal environment and increase the resistance of the vaginal mucosa. Women's care liquid, in addition to being suitable for daily cleaning and maintenance, can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria during the treatment period with weak acid formula women's care liquid. When going to the toilet, use women's hygiene wet wipes to dry the vulva, keep the vulva dry, and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria.

　　2. Inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Antibiotic powder or Jiaoyan gel disinfectant can be placed in the vagina, once every other day, for a total of 5 to 7 times.

　　3. Systemic medication, oral administration of ethinyl estradiol 0.25mg to 0.5mg, once a day, for a total of 7 days. Sometimes, withdrawal uterine bleeding may occur after taking the medicine.

　　4. Local medication, improve the vaginal acid-base balance, use 1% lactic acid or 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution to rinse the vagina. You can place vaginal suppositories every night, ethinyl estradiol tablets 0.25mg to 0.5mg, inserted into the vagina, once a day, for a total of 7 days.