Kidney Qi instability

　　This condition is often due to insufficient congenital endowment, insufficient kidney Qi in childhood; elderly weakness, kidney Qi decline; early marriage and excessive sexual labor, damaging kidney Qi; chronic illness and exhaustion, consuming kidney Qi, leading to instability of the essence gate, bladder, menstrual blood, and fetal Qi. Low back and knee pain, or cold pain in the lower back, aversion to cold and cold limbs, especially in the lower limbs; dizziness, fatigue, pale or dark complexion; pale and thick tongue coating, deep and weak pulse; men prone to impotence and premature ejaculation, women prone to cold uterus and infertility; or chronic diarrhea that does not stop, undigested grains, diarrhea at five o'clock in the morning; or edema, especially below the waist, palpable indentation, or even abdominal distension and pain, palpitations and coughing.

　　Symptoms of Yin deficiency:Low back and knee weakness, weak legs, dizziness and tinnitus, hair loss and loose teeth, night sweats and insomnia, dreams with talking and grinding teeth, dry mouth, yellow urine, dry stools, men with easy erections or impotence, premature ejaculation, spermatorrhea, women with less menstruation or amenorrhea, or metrorrhagia, emaciated body, feverish night sweats, five centers hot, dry throat and red cheeks, yellow urine and dry stools, red tongue with little moisture, fine and rapid pulse. The kidney is the root of congenital endowment, and the Yin essence in the kidney is the general source of Yin essence in the body. The loss of Yin essence will cause various diseases, such as dizziness and tinnitus, low back and knee weakness, bone steaming fever, diabetes (diabetes) and so on.

　　Frequent urination with clear urine, especially at night, or residual urine after urination, or enuresis, or incontinence of urine. Men with spermatorrhea and premature ejaculation; women with irregular menstruation, or abundant leukorrhea, or easy to slip during pregnancy. Accompanied by low back and knee weakness, dizziness and tinnitus; pale tongue and white coating, deep and fine pulse. In fact, it includes some of the functions of the urinary, reproductive, endocrine and central nervous system in modern medicine. Therefore, the common saying in folk that 'kidney deficiency' or more correctly said should be 'kidney Qi deficiency', should not be limited to sexual function, but also includes other aspects such as osteoporosis, delayed growth, children with insufficient intelligence, irregular menstrual periods, insufficient basal body temperature during ovulation, menopausal disorders, decreased libido, infertility, habitual abortion, decreased memory, low back and knee weakness, frequent urination, night sweats, dizziness, tinnitus, cold limbs, etc., all belong to the category of 'kidney Qi deficiency' in traditional Chinese medicine.

　　Low back and knee weakness, fatigue, tinnitus and hearing loss; frequent urination with clear urine, or residual urine after urination, or enuresis, or frequent nocturnal urination, or incontinence of urine; men with spermatorrhea and premature ejaculation; women with irregular menstruation, or abundant leukorrhea, or easy to slip during pregnancy. Pale tongue, white coating, weak pulse.

　　施治要点

　　1、本证的基本治法是补肾固涩。由于形成本证或因年幼肾气不充，或成年耗伤肾气，乃久虚慢性之疚，当行缓补之法.所谓“王道无近功，久服自有益”。此外，补者贵在恰当，应选用性味平和，偏性不大而副作用小的丸药，较为适宜。

　　2、肾气亏损，固藏失职，单以补精而不加固涩，则不易恢复，叶天士说：“非涩无以固精”。故肾气不固者，固涩肾气尤为重要。龙骨、牡蛎、芡实、莲子、金樱子之类为常用之品。再者因虚而不固者，以补为涩，于大队补益药中稍加收摄药；若因不固而致虚者，应以固为补，于大队固涩药中稍加补益药。临床上补益与涩固，权衡而用之，可以互为促进功效。此外，冯楚瞻所创之接行敛纳法，凡肾虚而不摄者，于八味、六味类的补肾方中，加入牛膝下趋接行，五味敛纳收藏，可以增强涩固之效。

　　3、肾气乃肾精化生之气，而肾精得以化气，又全赖下焦之阳气的温煦，所以肾气充足与否，同肾精、肾阳密切有关。故在治疗本证之时，尚须注意补肾益气填精法的使用。

　　肾气不固，是肾气虚固摄无权所表现的证候。多因年高肾气亏虚，或年幼肾气未充，或房事过度，或久病伤肾所致。肾气亏虚则机能活动减退，气血不能上充于耳，听力逐渐减退；骨骼失肾气之温养，所以腰膝酸软。肾与膀胱相表里，肾气虚膀胱失约，以致小便次数频繁，量多而清长，甚则小便失禁，排尿无力，尿液不能全部排出，使尿后余沥不尽。若肾气未充，脑髓不足，元神不能自主，故致小儿遗尿。夜间阴气盛，阳气衰，故肾气不足者见夜尿频多。肾气不足，则精关失固，常见带下量多而清稀；任脉失养，胎元不固，容易造成流产，舌淡白，脉沉弱，是肾气虚弱之象。

　　1、肾虚的症状在脑力方面表现为：注意力不集中，精力不足，工作效率降低，记忆力下降；记忆力减退。

　　2、肾虚的症状在情志方面表现为：情绪不好，情绪常常难以自控，头晕，易怒，烦躁，焦虑，抑郁等。

　　3、肾虚的症状在意志方面表现为：没有自信，信心不足，工作无热情，生活无激情，没有目标与方向。

　　4、肾虚的症状在性功能方面表现为：性功能降低，男子性欲望降低，性欲降低，阳痿或者是阳物举而不坚，滑精、遗精、早泄，显微镜检查可以看到精子减少或者是精子活动力降低，不育。女子子宫发育不良，例如幼稚子宫、卵巢早衰、闭经、月经不调，性欲降低，不孕等。

　　5. Symptoms of kidney deficiency may also include:Early senility, forgetfulness, insomnia, lack of appetite, pain in bones and joints, soreness of the waist and knees, intolerance to fatigue, weakness, vision decline, and hearing decline. Hair loss and premature white hair, hair loss or premature graying of beard and mustache, loose teeth easy to fall off, etc.

　　First, food therapy and health-preserving diet

　　1. Jin Ying Zi porridge:15g Jin Ying Zi, add 200 milliliters of water, boil to 100 milliliters, remove the dregs and take the juice, add 100 grams of glutinous rice or糯米, and then boil it into porridge. Take it warm in the morning and evening, 5-7 days as a course of treatment. This porridge is suitable for seminal emission, seminal emission, enuresis, and other symptoms of kidney Qi instability.

　　2. Stir-fried walnut kernel with chive:100g walnut kernel, 200g chive. Stir-fry with sesame oil until cooked, add salt for seasoning, and eat it.

　　3. Stir-fried sea shrimp with rice wine:250g fresh sea shrimp, appropriate amount of rice wine. Wash the sea shrimp clean, soak in rice wine for 5-10 minutes, then take it out, stir-fry and season, and eat it.

　　4. Bu Gu Fei stewed sheep's bladder:15 grams of Bu Gu Zhi, 150-200 grams of sheep's small stomach (sheep's neck), cut into small pieces, boil in water, season with salt, and drink the soup and eat the sheep's bladder. This formula is used for kidney deficiency with frequent and clear urine, enuresis, seminal emission, and other symptoms.

　　5. Stir-fried chicken intestines with rice wine:Use 2-3 doses of chicken intestines, cut open and clean them, cut into small pieces, stir-fry with peanut oil until hot, add 1-2 tablespoons of rice wine, eat a little for seasoning, and serve as a side dish. This formula is suitable for those with kidney deficiency and frequent urination or enuresis.

　　Two, medicine tea

　　Elderberry tea: 250 grams each of dried Qi Shi, dried lotus root, and Jin Yin Hua. Place them in a porcelain bowl and steam. Then dry and grind into powder. Take 10-15 grams each time, pour boiling water over it after meals, let it steep, and then drink it.

　　Three, medicine wine

　　Bu Gu Zhi wine: 500 grams of Bu Gu Zhi, 1500 milliliters of rice wine, and appropriate amount of rock sugar. First, clean the Bu Gu Zhi and dry it in the sun, then put it in a porcelain bottle, add rice wine and rock sugar, seal it, and after 20 days it can be opened and drunk.

　　Four, kidney-nourishing Chinese medicine

　　Jin Shuo Gao Jing Wan: consolidating kidney and涩 essence. Used for frequent seminal emission, even slippery seminal emission, dizziness of the head and eyes, tinnitus, soreness of the loins and kidneys, pale complexion, aversion to cold, and cold limbs.

　　Five, daily life adjustment

　　Pay attention to balancing work and rest in daily maintenance, and do not overwork and hurt the kidneys. Do not restrict sexual life; excessive sexual life directly consumes kidney Qi. It is recommended to eat black sesame, black beans, walnuts, and other foods that nourish and consolidate kidney Qi. Also, you can choose to take the above health-preserving diet or health-preserving wine for a long time according to the situation. You can also use Ai Calamus moxibustion at the Guanyuan and Qihai acupoints under the guidance of a doctor, which can directly act on the essence gate and enhance the ability to control urination.

　　Six, Taboos

　　Avoid cold and raw foods, cold and cool medicine, excessive nightlife, and excessive desire.

　　First, internal medicine formula

　　1. Basic medicine formula

　　(1) Jin Shuo Gao Jing Wan: 60 grams each of Sha Yuan, Ji Li, Qi Shi, and Lian Xu; 30 grams each of Suo Zhi Long Gu and Kui Luo. The Lian Rou is cooked into a paste and made into pills, or taken as a decoction according to dosage. This formula is suitable for those with kidney Qi deficiency and instability of the essence gate.

　　(2) Gao Ti Pill with modifications: 60 grams of Rehmannia glutinosa, 60 grams of Cuscuta chinensis (boiled with wine), 60 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala (fried), 30 grams of Schisandra chinensis, Alisma orientale, fried Allium tuberosum, fried Prunus pumila, prepared Aconitum carmichaelii, Poria cocos, and fried Allium fistulosum, made into pills with山药 paste. Take three times a day, 6 grams each time. Or reduce the dosage according to the original formula and take as a decoction. This formula is suitable for those with kidney Qi deficiency and uncontrolled water secretion.

　　(3) Shoutai Pill: 15 grams of Taxillus chinensis, 10 grams of Dipsacus asper, 15 grams of Cuscuta chinensis, and 10 grams of Colla Corii Asini, taken as a decoction. This formula is suitable for those with kidney deficiency and unsteady fetal movement.

　　Secondly, additions and subtractions:For those with kidney deficiency, spermatorrhea, and constipation of the bowels, add 10 grams of Cistanche deserticola and 10 grams of Angelica sinensis to the formula (1). For those with loose stools, add 10 grams of Fructus psoraleae and 10 grams of Schisandra chinensis to strengthen the kidney and stop diarrhea. For those with severe back pain, add 10 grams of Eucommia ulmoides and 10 grams of Dipsacus asper to strengthen the waist and kidney. For those with impotence, add 12 grams of Cynomorium songaricum and 15 grams of Epimedium sagittatum to invigorate the Yang and tonify the kidney. For those with frequent and turbid urine, add Mulberry fruit and Fructus psoraleae to the formula (2). For those with continuous menstruation, add 30 grams of Astragalus membranaceus, 15 grams of Haematite, and 20 grams of Yu Yutong to invigorate the Qi, tonify the kidney, and stop bleeding. For those with copious, thin, and white leukorrhea, remove Semen Cuscutae from formula (1), replace calcined oyster shell and calcined dragon bone with raw oyster shell and dragon bone, and add 15 grams of Spondylium and 15 grams of Rubia cordifolia to contract the leukorrhea. For those with easy fetal movement and persistent treatment without improvement, add 15 grams of鹿角胶, 10 grams of Morinda officinalis, 12 grams of Eucommia ulmoides, 10 grams of Lycium barbarum, and 12 grams of Codonopsis pilosula to the formula (3).

　　Secondly, external medication

　　Firstly, boil 50 grams of licorice root, 20 grams of white peony root, and 20 grams of white atractylodes in water, then concentrate the decoction and add 10 grams of alum powder and 50 grams of sulfur powder. Dry and grind them into fine powder. Use 5 grams each time, mixed with garlic salt water to form a paste and apply it to the navel. Change the medicine once every 2 to 5 days.

　　Secondly, grind 7 scallion whites and 10 grams of sulfur into paste, apply it to the navel every night, and remove it the next morning. These two methods are suitable for children with enuresis.

　　Thirdly, pound 1 jin of mugwort leaves and fresh scallions, heat them, and put them in a cloth bag. Place the bag on the affected area, and use a hot water bag to heat it for 1 to 2 hours.

　　Firstly, rinse the vagina with a 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution. Then, clean and grind the fresh Speranskia tuberosa into juice, soak a clean gauze in it, and insert it into the vagina. Change it once a day, and consider it a course of treatment for 5 to 7 days. These two methods are suitable for those with excessive leukorrhea.