Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

　　Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia (RSV) is caused by respiratory syncytial virus, abbreviated as RSV. Respiratory syncytial virus belongs to the paramyxoviridae family and is the most common pathogen causing pediatric viral pneumonia, which can cause interstitial pneumonia and bronchiolitis. The RSV observed under an electron microscope is similar to parainfluenza virus, with virus particle size of about 150nm, slightly smaller than parainfluenza virus, and is an RNA virus. It is sensitive to ether, has no hemagglutinating activity, and proliferates in the cytoplasm of human epithelial tissue cultures to form characteristic syncytial virus, where the syncytial virus inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm can be seen. There is only one serotype of syncytial virus, and recent molecular biological methods have proven that there are two subtypes, A and B.

　　Moderate and severe cases have more obvious respiratory distress, coughing, cyanosis of the lips, nasal flaring, and triad sign, and a few severe cases may also develop heart failure. Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia may also be complicated with rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchiolitis, etc.

　　What are the typical symptoms of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

　　How to prevent respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

　　Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia is more common in the north of China in winter and spring, and in Guangdong it is more common in spring and summer. Since antibodies cannot completely prevent infection, reinfection of respiratory syncytial virus is very common. Some people have observed for 10 years, and the incidence of reinfection can reach 65%. Respiratory syncytial virus is highly contagious, and there are reports that family members have been infected successively, and in the home, older children and adults are generally upper respiratory tract infections. Therefore, the prevention of this disease is mainly preventive measures for the cause, and the specific preventive measures are described as follows.

　　1. Pay attention to keeping warm and preventing colds in daily life, change clothes at any time when there is a change in weather, and those with physical weakness should pay more attention to preventing the occurrence of external infections.

　　2. Strengthen physical exercise, enhance physical fitness.

　　3. When there is a patient with the disease, treatment should be started early and isolation should be carried out.

　　The detection of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia includes blood tests and X-ray examinations, and the specific detection methods are described as follows.

　　1. Blood count

　　The total white blood cell count is generally (5～15)×10^9/L, most below 10×10^9/L, and neutrophils are more than 70%.

　　2. Virological and serological examinations

　　The diagnosis of this disease mainly depends on the results of virological and serological examinations. In recent years, the indirect method using nasal pharyngeal secretion desquamated cells and serum IgM antibodies, immunofluorescence technology, ELISA, alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase bridging enzyme labeling method (APAAP), biotin anti-biotin, ELISA method, horseradish peroxidase-anti-horseradish peroxidase method (PAP), monoclonal antibody, fluorescence method, etc., can all be used for rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection.

　　3. X-ray examination

　　Most have small patchy shadows, and large patchy shadows are extremely rare. About 1/3 (part) of the children have varying degrees of emphysema.

　　Patients with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia should eat high-vitamin, high-calorie, and easily digestible foods; avoid greasy and difficult-to-digest foods; avoid fried, smoked, and roasted foods; avoid high-salt and high-fat foods. The specific precautions for food intake are as follows.

　　1. Avoid eating polysaccharides

　　Sugars are a substance for heat supplement with a simple function and basically do not contain other nutrients. If children with pneumonia consume a lot of sugar, the bactericidal effect of white blood cells in the body will be suppressed. The more sugar consumed, the more obvious the suppression will be, and the condition will worsen.

　　2. Avoid high-protein diets

　　The main component of lean meat, fish, and eggs is protein. 1 gram of protein absorbs 18 milliliters of water in the body, and the final product of protein metabolism is urea. When children consume a lot of protein, the excretion of urea will also increase relatively. For every 300 milligrams of urea excreted, at least 20 milliliters of water must be carried away. Therefore, high-protein diets should be avoided for children with high fever and dehydration, and appropriate supplementation can be made during the later stage of the disease to improve physical fitness.

　　3. Avoid spicy foods

　　Spicy foods stimulate a lot and are also prone to heat and fluid damage, so spicy oil, pepper, and other spicy seasonings should not be added to the diet of children.

　　Pneumonia caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is prone to occur in children due to insufficient lung function, making them susceptible to pathogenic factors. The wind-heat pathogen enters the interior and transforms into heat, burning body fluid and condensing it into phlegm. Phlegm and heat interlock, blocking the airway, causing phlegm to rise with Qi, leading to symptoms such as fever, asthma, and copious coughing.

　　4g of Ephedrae Herba, 10g of Prunus armeniaca seed, 24g of Gypsum fibrosum, 6g of Sium suaveolens, 10g of Morus alba cortex, 10g of Carthamus tinctorius, 6g of Bombyx batryticolus, 6g of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 12g of Polygonum cuspidatum, 12g of Rhizoma et Rhizoma cimicifugae. The formula uses Ephedrae Herba, Prunus armeniaca seed, and Morus alba cortex together to promote the lung Qi, ensuring smooth flow from top to bottom so that pathogenic factors have an exit; when the lung Qi is smooth, cough and asthma naturally subside. Gypsum fibrosum, Polygonum cuspidatum, and Rhizoma et Rhizoma cimicifugae work together to clear heat and detoxify, clearing internal heat and dissipating pathogenic toxins. Carthamus tinctorius, Sium suaveolens, and Bombyx batryticolus dissolve phlegm and purge turbidity, as the lung is the storage organ for phlegm. When the phlegm is removed, the airway is clear. The combination of Polygonum cuspidatum and Salvia miltiorrhiza promotes blood circulation and removes blood stasis, ensuring Qi flows when blood moves. The whole formula works by promoting and purging lung Qi, clearing heat and detoxifying, resolving phlegm and turbidity, and activating blood circulation, fitting the pathogenesis of pneumonia with phlegm and heat syndrome. This medicine can significantly reduce the degree of Hep-2 cell lesions after RSV infection, inhibit RSV, and has a protective effect on cells.