Rectal duplication malformation

　　This disease belongs to congenital malformation, and the specific cause is unknown. Exposure to environmental harmful factors during pregnancy, such as pesticides, organic solvents, heavy metals, or excessive exposure to various radiations, or taking certain medications, or being infected with certain pathogens, or even certain habits and hobbies, such as saunas (steam baths) and dietary preferences, may cause congenital abnormalities in the fetus.

　　It often complicates with intestinal obstruction. During physical examination, patients with intestinal obstruction may appear dehydrated, with an abdomen that is distended and may also have asymmetrical bulges. The abdomen is tympanic on percussion, and a gurgling sound or a loud metallic sound accompanying intestinal peristalsis can be heard on auscultation. Palpation may reveal abdominal masses or signs of peritonitis. A thorough general examination is very important, especially attention should be paid to the common sites of abdominal hernias to avoid missing intestinal obstruction caused by hernias.

　　Clinical manifestations of intestinal obstruction include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating, and cessation of排气排便 as the four main symptoms.

　　1Abdominal pain:The mechanical intestinal obstruction is often accompanied by intermittent abdominal colic due to increased peristalsis. During an attack of abdominal pain, the patient often feels gas rushing in the abdomen, and visible or palpable intestinal loops can be seen, with a loud bowel sound. If it is an incomplete intestinal obstruction, the pain may suddenly subside or disappear after the gas passes through the obstruction. In cases of intestinal torsion or intussusception, due to excessive traction on the mesentery, the pain is persistent and may worsen intermittently. In the late stage of the disease, due to excessive expansion and insufficient contraction of the intestinal tract above the obstruction, the intensity and frequency of pain decrease; after the onset of intestinal paralysis, abdominal pain changes to a persistent bloating pain.

　　2、呕吐：呕吐的频度、呕吐量及呕吐物性状随梗阻部位的高低而有所不同。

　　本病为先天性疾病，暂无有效预防措施。先天性疾病就是一出生就有的病。母亲在怀孕期间接触环境有害因素，如农药、有机溶剂、重金属等化学品，或过量暴露在各种射线下，或服用某些药物，或染上某些病菌，甚至一些习惯爱好，如桑拿（蒸汽浴）和饮食癖好，都可能引起胎儿先天异常。

　　直肠重复畸形在确诊时，除依靠其临床表现外，还需借助辅助检查。患者做直肠指检可触及包块，肠镜及钡灌X线检查可发现双腔直肠。

　　饮食应该以清淡为主，容易消化，少渣滓。不能太油腻，不能吃辛辣，不能吃发物。多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜。平时也不能常熬夜。要多锻炼。还要注意不要过多的食用辣油、芥末、辣椒等刺激性食物。还要注意不要吃太过油腻的东西，带鱼、螃蟹等也要注意少吃。

　　手术关闭多余直肠直肠重复畸形的近端

　　1、术后养成定时大便的习惯，大便以稀糊状为佳。

　　2、减少增加腹压的姿态，如下蹲、屏气。忌久坐、久立、久行和劳累过度。

　　3、忌食辛热、油腻、粗糙、多渣的食品，忌烟酒、咖啡。

　　4、多食具有清肠热，滋润营养粘膜、通便止血作用的食品，如生梨汁、藕汁、荸荠汁、芦根汁、芹菜汁、胡萝卜、白萝卜（熟食）、苦瓜、茄子、黄瓜、菠菜、金针菜、卷心菜、蛋黄、苹果、无花果、香蕉、黑芝麻、胡桃肉、白木耳等。