Rectal bleeding

　　The causes of rectal bleeding are as follows:

　　1. Anal diseases

　　Anal diseases are the most common cause of hematochezia. Hemorrhoids and anal fissures cause hematochezia, which are usually post-defecation bleeding. Severe cases can be bleeding, bright red blood that does not mix with stool. Hematochezia caused by anal fissures often accompanies anal pain after defecation. Hemorrhoids often cause bleeding when straining during defecation, with a small mass protruding from the anus, with drop-like or jet-like fresh blood, and the amount of bleeding can be large or small, and internal hemorrhoids often have no pain.

　　2. Rectal diseases

　　Rectal polyps are benign tumors of the rectum. Hematochezia is the main symptom of rectal polyps. Rectal polyps near the anus may also prolapse outside the anus. This disease is common in children.

　　3. Colonic diseases

　　The colon, like the rectum, can also have polyps and cancer, diseases such as ulcerative colitis and dysentery can also cause hematochezia. The hematochezia caused by such colitis diseases is mostly mixed with mucus or presents as purulent stool, and is accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, urgency, and so on. In addition, some relatively rare diseases, such as enteric typhoid, enteric tuberculosis, intussusception, and so on, can also have the symptom of hematochezia.

　　Hematochezia is a special symptom of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in the colon, rectum, and anal area, indicating that there is an organic lesion in the intestine, which must be highly regarded, and timely and clear diagnosis and treatment must be grasped. When hematochezia occurs, the following diseases should be considered:

　　First, anal diseases

　　1. Fresh red blood without pain is more common in internal hemorrhoids, stage 1 hemorrhoids are characterized by hematochezia, often due to the stool rubbing off the hemorrhoids and bleeding, the blood discharged may be drop by drop, or a line like an arrow, or only with blood on the toilet paper; stage 2 hemorrhoids have little or no hematochezia, often prolapse outside the anus.

　　2. Hemorrhoids from anal fissures often accompany anal pain and typical post-defecation periodic pain.

　　3. Anal cancer is mainly manifested by hematochezia and pain, which is more severe before defecation.

　　Second, rectal diseases

　　The main symptom of rectal polyps is hematochezia, intermittent, bright red, generally not much, this disease is common in children.

　　1. The main manifestation of colorectal cancer is increased frequency of defecation, thinning stool, with mucus and blood.

　　2. There is often a foul-smelling mucus, weight loss, and should be highly regarded.

　　3. Radiation proctitis can also cause blood in stool, but there should be a history of radiation therapy.

　　The main causes of rectal bleeding are anal diseases, rectal diseases, and colonic diseases. Rectal bleeding patients with fresh stool can cause pain, bleeding, and a constant urge to defecate, with a feeling of urgency.

　　Many times, rectal bleeding is caused by long-term constipation and long-term forceful defecation, which is usually due to an unhealthy diet, such as a lack of dietary fiber from fruits and vegetables. Dr. Huang suggests that lifestyle should be improved, and more high-fiber foods should be eaten. The fiber can increase gastrointestinal motility and help defecation. In addition, drinking more water can make defecation smoother, and combined with more exercise and good defecation habits, one will not strain too hard during defecation.

　　Traditional inspection methods

　　1. Digital examination

　　Doctors wear plastic gloves, use the index finger and middle finger to pull the anus out, apply lubricating oil to the anus, and then insert the fingers into the anal cavity for examination. The patient will experience great pain during the examination, and it will also make the patient feel embarrassed. Since there is no substantial method to make a judgment, doctors can only rely on their own feelings to judge the condition and then treat it.

　　2. Visual inspection

　　Doctors observe the color, shape, and amount of stool blood to judge whether a certain disease is present.

　　1. Avoid spicy, greasy, rough, and fibrous foods, as well as smoking and drinking coffee.

　　2. Eat more foods with cooling properties for the intestines, nourishing the mucosa, and promoting defecation and hemostasis, such as pear juice, lotus root juice, water chestnut juice, reed root juice, celery juice, carrots, white radishes (cooked), bitter melon, eggplant, cucumber, spinach, chrysanthemum, cabbage, egg yolks, apples, figs, bananas, black sesame seeds, walnuts, and white fungus.

　　3. Keep a cheerful mood, do not get angry or angry. A narrow mind and anxiety will cause the intestinal mucosa to contract and blood circulation to be unsmooth.

　　Rectal bleeding is a secondary disease of other diseases or one of the symptoms, but rectal bleeding is a critical disease. Based on the treatment of the primary disease, hemostasis is the main treatment, and drug therapy and surgical treatment are commonly used. Drug therapy includes hemostatic agents, vitamin K, pituitary posterior lobe hormone, etc. The operating room adopts the corresponding surgical plan according to the cause of the disease.