Radial varus

　　Radial varus can be caused by the failure to reduce or poor reduction of the radial and ulnar condyle fractures in children, early closure of the radial condyle epiphysis or ischemic necrosis, and unreduced or poorly reduced elbow dislocation. The radial varus caused by radial condyle fracture is due to excessive growth of the radial condyle. Unreduced or poorly reduced elbow dislocation can also lead to radial varus. The occurrence of radial varus after the excision of the radial head is due to the disappearance of the important mechanical blocking effect of the proximal radius after the excision of the radial head, which causes abnormal biomechanics of the elbow and forearm.

　　Radial varus is mainly due to the consequences of elbow trauma and lesions. Therefore, when trauma and lesions occur in the elbow, it should be considered that there is a possibility of causing radial and ulnar varus deformities. Especially in the case of supracondylar fracture of the humerus or elbow dislocation, it is necessary to correct the lateral displacement first, and then perform other realignment, as far as possible to achieve anatomical realignment. If the deformity is mild and there is no symptoms, treatment is not necessary. If the deformity is obvious or delayed onset ulnar nerve injury occurs, surgery should be performed as soon as possible to avoidDelayed onset ulnar neuritis..

　　Patients with radial varus have an abnormal appearance of the elbow, often asymptomatic. When the elbow joint is in the extended position, the angle of varus of the elbow increases, which can reach more than 30°. There is generally no significant impairment in elbow joint movement. In the late stage, joint surface damage of the elbow joint can cause pain. For severe varus patients, due to the ulnar nerve being in a high-tension traction state, or due to frequent friction after trauma due to adhesion of the ulnar nerve, delayed onset ulnar neuritis may occur, with symptoms of ulnar nerve injury, such as pain and sensory disturbance in the ulnar nerve支配 area of the hand (half of the little finger and ring finger), weakness and atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of the hand. Those engaged in heavy physical labor may develop elbow osteoarthritis.

　　The prevention of varus deformity mainly requires early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment. For patients who have fractures or dislocations and need surgical reduction, timely treatment should be given, especially for children with fractures of the humeral condyles who should be reduced in time to prevent the occurrence of this disease due to delayed reduction.

　　Since the diagnosis of this disease is generally easy to make based on the appearance, auxiliary examinations are rarely used. In clinical practice, X-ray examination can be used to confirm the diagnosis for some patients with unobvious manifestations. X-ray films of the elbow show an increase or decrease in the elbow joint carrying angle, even a negative angle, and may show signs of osteoarthritis.

　　In addition to routine treatment, patients with varus deformity of the elbow should also pay attention to the following aspects in diet: the patient's diet should be light, nutritious, and attention should be paid to dietary balance. In addition, patients should avoid spicy and irritating foods.

　　Patients with varus deformity of the elbow without joint dysfunction and pain symptoms generally do not need treatment, but attention should be paid to observation and follow-up, and further treatment measures should be taken as appropriate. The specific treatment methods for this disease are as follows:

　　Firstly, Conservative Treatment

　　It is suitable for patients with early elbow osteoarthritis with mild clinical symptoms. At this time, the dysfunction of the elbow joint is often not obvious. Physical therapy, massage, and other physical treatments or the use of aspirin and other drugs can be adopted.

　　Secondly, Surgical Treatment

　　1. Indications for Surgery:

　　(1) Severe varus deformity of the elbow and the deformity is stable for more than 1 year.

　　(2) Obvious joint pain and weakness symptoms, and they affect the function of the elbow joint.

　　(3) For those with traumatic arthritis or delayed onset ulnar neuritis, if dysfunction has occurred and it affects work and life, surgery should be performed as soon as possible.

　　2. Surgical MethodsAlthough there are many, in clinical practice, the most commonly used methods are the supracondylar osteotomy correction and the ulnar nerve anterior transfer technique.