Flat pelvis

　　Flat pelvis refers to the shortening of the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis entrance, with the transverse diameter being normal. The etiology of flat pelvis includes the following two types:

　　1. Simple flat pelvis is caused by congenital growth factors.

　　2. Rickets flat pelvis is caused by rickets in childhood, which softens the bones and causes the pelvis to deform.

　　Flat pelvis is an abnormal development of the human skeletal system, forming a pelvis with a narrow anteroposterior diameter and an increased transverse diameter. There is no specific treatment for this disease, and it usually does not lead to other complications. However, pregnant women with flat pelvis are prone to persistent occipitoposterior position, which can lead to difficult labor.

　　Sacral-pubic external diameter

　　Measure the 'diagonal diameter' by inserting the index and middle fingers into the vagina to measure the distance between the sacral promontory and the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis. During the examination, it is also necessary to understand the curvature of the sacrum, the prominence of the ischial spines, and the width of the pubic arch. If the sacrum is relatively straight or the ischial spines are significantly inserted into the pelvic cavity, it indicates the possibility of a narrowed middle segment of the pelvis.

　　When diagnosing this disease, it is necessary to inquire in detail about whether the child has suffered from rickets, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, and other diseases during childhood, as well as the past delivery situation. Combining with corresponding examinations, the diagnosis can usually be made clear. To prevent the occurrence of this disease, attention should be paid to the following points:

　　1. Regular prenatal examinations are the most effective and positive approach to reduce or eliminate the condition of flat pelvis.

　　2. Actively treat the primary disease, and be sure to take medication under the guidance of a doctor. If the medication is not对症, it may worsen the condition.

　　3. Enhance body immunity, exercise regularly to strengthen physical fitness; ensure adequate sleep; eat more vitamin-rich foods; learn to regulate your own emotions, and when you are happy, immunity will increase.

　　When diagnosing this disease, it is necessary to inquire in detail whether the child has had diseases such as rickets, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, etc. in childhood, as well as past delivery history, and combine with corresponding examinations to make a clear diagnosis. The specific examination methods are as follows:

　　General examination

　　Pay attention to the general development. Short stature, abnormal fetal position, primiparous women with the fetal head not entering the pelvis before labor, and (or) with a hanging abdomen all indicate that the pelvis may be narrow. Lame people may have a tilted pelvis.

　　Pelvic measurement

　　Sacral-pubic external diameter

　　1. Measure the 'diagonal diameter': Insert the index and middle fingers into the vagina and measure the distance between the sacral promontory and the lower edge of the symphysis pubis. During the examination, it is also necessary to understand the curvature of the sacrum, the prominence of the ischial spines, and the width of the pubic arch, etc. A straight sacrum or prominent ischial spines into the pelvic cavity indicate the possibility of a narrow middle segment of the pelvis.

　　2. X-ray pelvis measurement: Take one anterior and one lateral pelvis film, which can more accurately measure the diameter of each plane of the pelvis and can observe the shape of the pelvis, the position of the fetus, and the relationship between the head and the pelvis, etc. This method is rarely used now.

　　Examination of the relationship between the head and the pelvis (transverse sign)

　　The mother lies on her back, and the relationship between the fetal head and the symphysis pubis is checked. If the head is lower than the level of the symphysis pubis, it is called the transverse sign (one), indicating that there is no malposition of the head and pelvis; if both are at the same level, it is a可疑的 transverse sign, indicating that there may be mild malposition of the head and pelvis; if the head is higher than the level of the symphysis pubis, it is a positive transverse sign, indicating that there is a significant malposition of the head and pelvis.

　　Flattened pelvic bone refers to abnormal development of the pelvis, which generally has no effective treatment method. Prevention is the key. Since this disease is often caused by diseases such as rickets, attention should be paid to dietary adjustment. In terms of diet, it is appropriate to pay attention to the following aspects to prevent the occurrence of the disease.

　　What is good for the body of flattened pelvic bone patients?

　　1. Maintain a balanced diet, pay attention to the combination of meat and vegetables, and supplement 250-500ml of milk or yogurt every day, and appropriately supplement some calcium tablets (ideally ionic, which is more conducive to absorption);

　　2. Pay attention to supplementing more foods rich in vitamin D, such as deep-sea fish and egg yolks;

　　3. Eat more dark green vegetables, which contain vitamin K and are beneficial for fracture healing.

　　What should be avoided in the diet of flattened pelvic bone patients?

　　1. Avoid smoking and drinking.

　　2. Avoid spicy and刺激性 foods, such as scallions, garlic, ginger, Sichuan pepper, chili, cassia bark, etc.

　　3. Avoid fatty and greasy foods.

　　Therapeutic Food for Flattened Pelvic Bone (the following information is for reference only, and detailed information should be consulted with a doctor)

　　Hawthorn Porridge

　　Ingredients: Hawthorn 20-30 grams, glutinous rice 100 grams, and an appropriate amount of sugar.

　　Preparation: First, wash the hawthorn, add an appropriate amount of water, and simmer over low heat until the water is reduced to 2/3 of the original amount. Remove the residue and take the juice, then add glutinous rice and cook into porridge. After the porridge is ready, add sugar and eat as desired. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and improving digestion and spleen health.

　　Function: It is used to treat early and middle stages of spinal fracture, with symptoms such as low back and abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, and loss of appetite.

　　Amomum Tangerine Peel Lotus Root Soup

　　Ingredients: 1.5 grams of amomum, 1 gram of costus, 3 grams of tangerine peel, an appropriate amount of lotus root starch, and sugar.

　　Preparation: Grind amomum and costus into powder, mix it with lotus root starch and sugar with an appropriate amount of hot water, and eat it while it is hot.

　　Function: It has the effects of regulating Qi, removing retention, and reducing bloating. It is suitable for abdominal bloating due to liver and spleen Qi stasis after injury.

　　Baizhu Fuling Pork Stomach Porridge

　　Ingredients: 30 grams of white peony, 15 grams of poria cocos, 10 grams of areca nut, 1 pork stomach, 100 grams of glutinous rice.

　　Preparation: Wash the pork stomach and cut it into small pieces, and then boil it with white peony, areca nut, poria cocos, and ginger. Strain the juice and discard the residue, and use the juice to cook rice. Eat the stomach and drink the porridge.

　　Function: It has the effects of replenishing the middle Qi, strengthening the spleen and stomach. It is suitable for weakness of the spleen and stomach, poor appetite, insufficient constitution, poor digestion, delayed fracture healing, and other weakness of the spleen and stomach.

　　Huai Li Bai Ren Spleen-Invigorating Soup

　　Ingredients: 250 grams of chestnut meat, 200 grams of lean meat, 30 grams of Job's tears, 25 grams of Chinese yam.

　　Preparation: Wash the chestnuts and peel them. Put the cleaned lean meat, Chinese yam, Job's tears, and chestnut meat together in a pot, add an appropriate amount of water, and cook on a slow fire until they are soft and tender, then you can drink the soup and eat the meat.

　　Function: It has the effects of benefiting the spleen and stomach, invigorating the Qi and strengthening the body. It is suitable for delayed fracture healing, weakness of the spleen and stomach.

　　A flat pelvis refers to abnormal development of the pelvis, which generally has no effective treatment, and prevention is the key. Regular prenatal examinations can help reduce or eliminate the condition of flat pelvis.

　　A flat pelvis may cause dystocia during delivery, and substances needed for skeletal development can be supplemented with substances such as grapefruit acid calcium, AD capsules, etc. Therefore, eating more foods that increase bone density will be helpful. For example, calcium, selenium, magnesium, zinc, iron, and other trace elements are rich in calcium-rich milk, fish, shrimp, egg yolks, walnuts, hazelnuts, etc. More sunshine can make ultraviolet rays in the sun irradiate the skin to form vitamin D, which can promote the absorption of calcium by the human body and prevent osteoporosis.

　　If some pregnant women have congenital narrow pelvis, with long anteroposterior diameter and narrow lateral diameter, it is not easy to deliver the fetus, cesarean section is not a bad choice.