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Paronychia

  Paronychia, commonly known as 'frozen nail', is a type of nail bed inflammation. It refers to the inflammation of the tissue around the nail, including the lateral nail grooves on both sides and the proximal nail fold at the bottom, with general symptoms of redness, swelling, and pain, and may have purulent phenomena in severe cases.

  Paronychia refers to the suppurative infection of the soft tissue around the nail (toe) plate, which is caused by bacteria invading the subcutaneous tissue through micro-wounds on the skin next to the nail and multiplying. In the fingers, it is often caused by injuries such as punctures, stripping splinters, or trimming nails too deeply. In the toes, it is often caused by ingrown toenails or tight shoes, mostly occurring in the big toe. At the beginning of paronychia, there is mild pain and swelling on one side of the nail, which then becomes severe and suppurates, spreading pus to the other side or under the nail, forming an abscess under the nail. Yellowish pus can be seen under the nail, causing the deep nail to separate from the nail bed. On the side of the ingrown toenail in the toe, there is often chronic granulation tissue hyperplasia, causing the wound to heal for a long time.

  Paronychia refers to the suppurative infection at the junction of the nail plate and the skin crease, which is one of the common finger (toe) infectious diseases in clinical practice. The pathogenic bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus on the skin surface. It can occur after various minor injuries, and the infection can be controlled with local anti-inflammatory treatment in the early stage. After the abscess forms, it must be treated by incision.

Table of Contents

1. What are the causes of paronychia
2. What complications can paronychia easily lead to
3. What are the typical symptoms of paronychia
4. How to prevent paronychia
5. What laboratory tests are needed for paronychia
6. Dietary taboos for paronychia patients
7. The conventional method of Western medicine for treating paronychia

1. What are the causes of paronychia

  In daily life, there are not a few people with paronychia. Experts introduce that if paronychia is not treated in time, it can cause a series of inflammatory reactions. Therefore, it is very important to treat paronychia. Next, let us first understand what the causes of paronychia are.

  1. Trimming the toe nails into a curved shape is the most important cause of paronychia. The main cause of this type of paronychia is due to people's bad habits of trimming toe nails. That is, in order to adapt to the shape of the fingers and for beauty, people trim the toe nails into a curved shape, trim off the nail corners on both sides of the toe nails, and try to eliminate the nail corners. After trimming off this nail corner, a new nail corner will form in the back. The more you trim the nail corner, the more it will curl inward. At this time, if you wear a pair of pointed shoes, it will squeeze the nail groove tissue towards the nail corner, and the nail corner will be embedded in the 'meat', causing paronychia.

  2. The tip of the shoe is too tight, which is more common in female patients with paronychia. Wearing shoes with high heels and pointed heads, such as the popular chili shoes, can squeeze the lateral edge of the toe nail into the soft tissue of the nail groove, and friction the nail and nail fold, causing soft tissue swelling and exacerbating the inflammation of paronychia. Therefore, this is also one of the causes of paronychia.

  3. There is a certain connection between the cause of paronychia and trauma. If the nail plate is torn due to being kicked or stepped on by others, it can cause the lateral edge of the nail plate to be closer to the soft tissue of the nail groove, forming paronychia, which is more common in young students.

  Understanding the causes of paronychia is of great help to both patients and the general healthy population. It can help with targeted treatment, timely treatment, and an early farewell to pain and recovery of health.

2. What complications can paronychia easily lead to

  Paronychia is an infectious disease of the nail, and many patients do not pay attention to paronychia in the early stage, which makes the condition worse. What are the complications of paronychia? The following is a detailed explanation by relevant experts.

  1. Paronychia on the feet affects shoe wearing and walking, while on the hands, it affects work, face washing, eating, and other daily activities, affecting daily life and work. If not treated in time, it will become more severe. This is one of the complications of paronychia.

  2. Paronychia will not heal on its own without treatment, it will only become more severe. In severe cases, it can further suppurate, cause nail loss, nail bed necrosis, and no longer grow nails, affecting appearance and regretting for a lifetime.

  3. Severe pain, especially obvious distension and jumping pain at night, can severely affect normal life and sleep. In order to relieve pain, it is necessary to open the incision to reduce pressure, but the incision is difficult to heal due to poor microcirculation at the end of the finger.

  The above is an introduction to the complications of paronychia. I hope that patients must receive timely treatment to avoid the aggravation of the condition and the harm to physical health.

3. What are the typical symptoms of paronychia

  What are the symptoms of paronychia? Many friends are curious about this. These symptoms often occur in adolescents and women. Due to the lack of understanding of the symptoms, it is difficult to find an appropriate treatment method. The following introduces the symptoms of paronychia.

  At the initial stage of paronychia, the tissue on one side of the nail is red, swollen, and painful. Further development leads to suppuration, with pus spreading from one side of the nail groove through the subcutaneous tissue under the nail root to the other side of the nail groove, forming a semi-circular abscess. If not treated in time, it may form an abscess under the nail, or develop into chronic paronychia and chronic osteomyelitis of the finger, with the appearance of chronic sinus tracts, granulation tissue protruding outward from the sinus orifice.

  Paronychia often occurs first in the subcutaneous tissue of one side of the nail groove, showing redness, swelling, and pain. Generally, there are no systemic symptoms. If treated early, the inflammation may improve and subside. Otherwise, the lesion may become suppurative, with fluctuation in the red and swollen area, white spots may appear, but it is not easy to break out and suppurate. The inflammation can also occur at the nail root or spread to the other side of the nail groove. When the infection is severe, there are often symptoms such as increased pain and fever. Due to the obstruction of the nail, the infection can spread to the deep layer and form an abscess of the finger.

  This is a basic introduction to the symptoms of paronychia. I believe everyone is clear about this, so I solemnly remind everyone that paronychia must be treated in time, otherwise it will bring great harm to our health. It is even more important to do a good job of prevention in daily life.

4. How to prevent paronychia

  Paronychia is very麻烦, many patients have painful erythema, edema, loss of nail cuticle and other symptoms, seriously affecting life and work. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the prevention of paronychia in life, and the prevention is not only to pay attention to it, but also to master some methods. The following introduces effective methods to prevent paronychia.

  1. Regularly trim the toenails, cutting them into an arc shape, leaving no nail tips on both sides of the nail groove. Do not trim the nail groove at will. If the toes are crushed against each other, apply a moderate amount of disinfected cotton and soft material into the toe seam to separate them, allowing the toes to develop normally and prevent the nail from being pierced into the nail groove.

  2. Take good care of the skin around the nails in everyday life, do not let it be damaged in any way. The prevention of paronychia is not to cut the nails too short, and never pull 'inverted nails' with your hands.

  3. Preventing problems before they arise. Thorns, bamboo splinters, needle threads, fish bones, and other foreign objects are the most likely to injure the nail groove in daily life. Extra caution should be exercised during labor or when busy with household chores.

  4, To prevent paronychia, pay attention to the care of the fingers in daily life. After washing hands and before going to bed, apply some vaseline or skin cream to enhance the disease resistance of the skin around the nail groove.

  5, Choose shoes that are appropriate in size, thickness, and lightness, which is the prevention of paronychia.

  6, If it has become suppurative, it should be opened up in time at the hospital to drain the pus. Prevent the spread of infection and cause osteomyelitis of the phalanx.

  7, If there is an abscess under the nail, the nail should be pulled out to facilitate complete drainage and complete cure. This is also one of the preventive methods for paronychia.

  8, When there is a minor injury on the finger, it can be rubbed with 2% iodine alcohol and bandaged with a bandage to prevent infection.

  The prevention of paronychia requires friends to be serious again. However, for those who have already developed paronychia, timely treatment is very critical to avoid complications such as osteomyelitis.

5. What laboratory tests are needed for paronychia

  Paronychia is a suppurative infection of the soft tissues around the nail, caused by bacteria through the micro-wound of the paronychial skin and its growth and reproduction. In the fingers, it is mostly caused by injuries such as piercing, peeling off splinters, or trimming the nails too deeply, so how is paronychia checked and diagnosed in daily life?

  Paronychia has a great harm. If it is not treated for a long time, the nail will be severely deformed, leading to destruction of the nail bed, and finally, the toenail may be missing. In severe cases, it may even cause the nail not to grow, and it may also trigger a series of diseases such as tinea capitis and tinea manuum. Therefore, it is necessary to treat it in time after discovery.

  Generally, there is no special examination method. Diagnosis and examination can be made according to the symptoms of paronychia. When paronychia forms an abscess under the nail, and systemic symptoms of poisoning appear due to the absorption of bacterial toxins, a swab can be used to take secretions for bacteriological and mycological examination and white blood cell count and classification count detection, and active anti-inflammatory treatment should be given.

  The symptoms of paronychia can be diagnosed by the near-end redness, swelling, and pain on one or both sides of the nail groove of the finger or toe, followed by pus points. After pus is discharged, granulation tissue can be seen. When the infection spreads to the nail bed, local abscesses can cause the entire nail to float and fall off, which is easy to judge.

6. Dietary taboos for paronychia patients

  Elderly people often say that diseases come from the mouth, and this is not without reason. Improper diet can lead to many diseases, and a reasonable diet usually has certain auxiliary therapeutic effects on many diseases.

  Firstly, the food suitable for paronychia patients to eat includes

  1, High-protein diet: A high-protein diet is necessary to maintain healthy nails, and egg yolks are a good source of protein. Oatmeal, nuts, seeds, grains, and soy products are rich in plant protein.

  2, Eat more vegetables and fruits: fruits and vegetables should account for 50% of daily diet.

  Secondly, the dietary therapy for treating paronychia is to stew the chicken with ramie root and red bean. The specific method is as follows:

  Ingredients: 300 grams of black chicken, 3 grams of ramie root, 30 grams of red bean.

  Seasoning: 3 grams of salt.

  Method:

  1, Cut the black chicken into pieces, blanch it in boiling water and remove it.

  2, Clean the ramie root, slice it, and clean the red bean.

  3, Put the black chicken, ramie root, and red bean into the pot, add some water, bring to a boil over high heat, and then turn to low heat to simmer slowly.

  4, Season with salt when the soup is cooked.

  Expert Comments:Although dietary therapy cannot cure the disease, it plays a positive auxiliary role in treatment. It is hoped that the dietary therapy for paronychia introduced above will be helpful to everyone.

7. Conventional Methods of Western Medicine Treatment for Paronychia

  Paronychia refers to suppurative infection of the soft tissues around the nail (toe) of the finger, which is caused by bacteria through the micro-wound of the skin next to the nail and its growth and reproduction. In the fingers, it is often caused by injuries such as piercing, stripping the skin tag, or trimming the nails too deeply, etc. The methods of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for paronychia are divided into internal and external treatment methods, and the specific methods are as follows:

  1、Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for Paronychia Internal Treatment Method

  You can choose to treat with five-flavor disinfection drink, Coptis decoction, or add and subtract according to the condition. For those with severe toxicity and swelling, add bigforin and soapwood, for those with high fever and thirst, add shengshi gao, for those with dry stools, add da huang and xuan ming fen, and for those with severe pain, add xihuang wan.

  2、Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for ParonychiaExternal Treatment Method

  (1) Take equal amounts of Coptis and rhubarb, pick them clean, dry them, grind them into powder for later use. When used, mix them evenly with vinegar (for children, dilute the vinegar), and apply them externally to the affected area, changing the dressing after washing daily.

  (2) Take a moderate amount of fresh vervain, wash it clean, mix it with a little salt, beat it into a paste, apply it to the affected area and wrap it, change the medicine once a day, and the symptoms usually improve within 1-3 days, and can be cured in 5 days. Vervain can clear heat and detoxify, resolve swelling and remove blood stasis and pus, has inhibitory effects on various bacteria, and is abundant in drug sources.

  (3) Take umeboshi, wrap it in a damp towel, moisten it, remove the kernel, and apply the flesh of umeboshi to the affected area and secure it. Change the medicine twice a day in the morning and evening. Most cases can recover within 1-3 days. If pus has formed, use anti-inflammatory drugs first, and then use the above method after pus drainage.

  (4) Take 1 gram each of green tea leaves, black sesame seeds, and fine salt, mix with a little physiological saline, and beat into a paste. After routine skin disinfection, apply the medicine to the paronychia and change the dressing once a day, for 2-4 consecutive days. The affected area should not come into contact with water during the period of application.

  Expert Tips:If the paronychia does not subside and local pus formation occurs, it is necessary to incise and drain the pus, and change the dressing on the wound daily.

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