Uterine effusion

　　The main causes of uterine effusion are:

　　1. Uterine bleeding;

　　2. Endometritis;

　　3. Cervical canal adhesion and obstruction;

　　4. Genital malformation. The patient may experience lower abdominal pain and, at the same time, an increase in leukorrhea and bloody discharge due to the accumulation of fluid in the uterus.

　　Pathological effusion is mainly caused by pelvic inflammation (referring to inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs such as endometritis, salpingitis, ovarian cysts, etc.), which can lead to irregular menstrual periods, sexual dysfunction, infertility, and so on. It is necessary to undergo systematic and scientific treatment. Because most pathogenic bacteria causing infection are ineffective against broad-spectrum antibiotics (medications should be taken under the guidance of a doctor), it often leads to prolonged course of the disease and recurrent attacks, which is a major challenge in treatment. It is very critical to completely cure the inflammation. If the treatment is not thorough, it can directly affect fertility or cause ectopic pregnancy, posing a serious threat to women's health.

　　Hydrometrocolpos refers to the presence of inflammatory exudates in the pelvis, which can occur after endometritis, where slightly viscous fluid is exuded from the swollen cells of the endometrial tissue and gradually forms a cystic mass as it is enveloped by surrounding tissues. If left untreated, it can gradually grow larger. If it becomes too large, medication cannot eliminate it, and surgery may be needed to remove it. Pelvic hydrometrocolpos can be completely cured, but it must be treated effectively on the basis of identifying the pathogenic bacteria. In addition to normal pelvic hydrometrocolpos due to the physiological characteristics of women, pathological hydrometrocolpos is often due to pelvic inflammation or endometriosis.

　　The causes of pelvic inflammation are often related to poor hygiene habits of patients, such as sexual activity within one month after menstruation or postpartum, taking a bath in a basin within one month after gynecological surgery. Medical infections caused by inadequate sterilization during induced abortion or labor can also lead to pelvic hydrometrocolpos. Hydrometrocolpos caused by pelvic inflammation is best examined by retrograde culdocentesis to determine the nature of the fluid. If there is a chronic infection focus, it may be inflammation of the female reproductive system such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes, or it may be caused by tuberculosis or tumors. Pelvic inflammation should be treated early to prevent the impact on fertility. To determine the pathogenic bacteria of pelvic inflammation, special laboratory tests should be performed and then treated accordingly. If suspected to be tuberculous, anti-tuberculosis treatment should be administered. The aspiration of hydrometrocolpos is a means of examination or symptomatic treatment and should not be performed frequently. Because simply aspirating hydrometrocolpos will not cure the condition and may even increase the amount of hydrometrocolpos.

　　1. Hydrometrocolpos causes infertility:If hydrometrocolpos is not treated appropriately, its harmfulness is significant, and it can easily lead to pelvic adhesions, fallopian tube obstruction, and other complications, leading to infertility. If there are symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, lumbosacral pain, increased leukorrhea, and palpable tenderness in the lower abdomen during gynecological examination, consider chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and actively treat to prevent the exacerbation of inflammation and an increase in the amount of hydrometrocolpos.

　　2. Hydrometrocolpos causes pelvic inflammation: Most hydrometrocolpos is caused by inflammation, that is, due to the exudation of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. There are also a few cases caused by rupture of ectopic pregnancy, corpus luteum rupture, pelvic abscess, chocolate cyst, or ovarian cancer. Hydrometrocolpos caused by pelvic inflammation is best examined by retrograde culdocentesis to determine the nature of the fluid.

　　3. Hydrometrocolpos affects fertility: If there is a chronic infection focus, it may be inflammation of the female reproductive system such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes, or it may be caused by tuberculosis or tumors. It can easily lead to pelvic adhesions, fallopian tube obstruction, and other complications, which may affect fertility if left untreated for a long time.

　　1. The main symptom is a feeling of lower abdominal坠痛, which may be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and an elevated white blood cell count.

　　2. Chronic endometritis gradually leading to hydrometrocolpos may be asymptomatic.

　　3. The uterus is enlarged, soft, and painful to the touch. The parauterine connective tissue may become thickened明显, and there may be inflammatory masses of the appendages.

　　To prevent women of childbearing age from developing gynecological diseases after entering old age, due to the atrophy of the reproductive organs, the secretion of estradiol by the ovaries stops, and the immune function also gradually decreases, making elderly women prone to gynecological diseases.

　　In view of the characteristics of this disease, the following preventive measures are proposed:

　　1. Strengthen health education for postmenopausal women, take a bath frequently, change underwear frequently, and keep the vulva clean and dry.

　　2. Participate in physical exercise appropriately.

　　3. Keep a pleasant mood and enhance immune ability.

　　4. Remove the intrauterine device during perimenopause, and seek medical attention in case of discomfort.

　　5. Have a routine gynecological examination every year, and pay attention to controlling self diseases such as diabetes.

　　1. Insert the uterine cavity probe into the uterine cavity, and the diagnosis can be established if pus flows out.

　　2. Bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test of pus, and scraping of endometrial tissue for pathological examination if necessary, to understand whether there is malignant change.

　　1. The diet should be light in flavorIt is best not to eat shrimp, crabs, lamb, dog meat, eel, salted fish, blackfish, etc., as these foods may exacerbate the condition or cause a recurrence of old diseases.

　　2. Maintain a low-fat dietEat more chicken, eggs, quail eggs, lean meat, crucian carp, turtle, whitefish, celery, spinach, cucumber, winter melon, mushrooms, tofu, kelp, wakame, fruits, and other cool vegetables and fruits.

　　3. You should eat more grains and cerealsSuch as beans, corn, etc., and eat more nutritious dried fruits such as sesame, peanuts, melon seeds, etc. In addition, the three meals a day in daily life should be on time and in proper quantities, and one should never overeat.

　　4. You can eat more seaweed foodsSuch as seaweed, wakame, kelp, and kombu. Because seaweed foods contain many minerals, such as calcium, iron, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, iodine, etc. Modern science believes that eating seaweed foods regularly can effectively regulate the acid-base balance of the blood, and avoid excessive consumption of alkaline elements in the body due to acid neutralization. Therefore, patients with uterine fibroids should eat more seaweed foods in their daily life.

　　Treatment of uterine effusion:

　　1. Uterine effusion (pus) caused by cervical adhesions, endometritis, uterine tuberculosis, etc.

　　2. Uterine effusion after radiotherapy for cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, etc.

　　3. Understand and determine the nature of uterine effusion.