Infertility due to positive serum antisperm antibodies

　　Antisperm antibodies (AsAb) are common factors in male and female infertility and sterility. According to statistics, about 20% to 40% of infertile women are positive for AsAb. Due to the killing, phagocytosis, agglutination, and immobilization effects of AsAb, it often causes fatal

　　According to traditional Chinese medicine, the appearance of AsAb is related to the invasion of evil toxins into the uterus and Chongren. Evil toxins remain in the body, disturbing the essence and blood, causing the uterus to have no power to absorb the sperm, poor Qi and blood circulation, inhibiting the movement of sperm, even causing agglomeration, making it difficult for sperm and egg to combine or resulting in frequent miscarriage. According to the principle of combining treatment based on differentiation and disease, clinical treatment often divides into 3 types for medication.

　　The immune function of the human body is executed by billions of various different lymphocytes. Lymphocytes activated by special antigens produce two different immune responses, namely humoral immunity and cellular immune response. Once foreign matter invades a part of the body, lymphocytes act like billions of armed warriors, immediately deploying troops, advancing forward, and fighting to the end, with the cooperation of leukocytes, macrophages, etc., until these invaders are eliminated. However, not all immune responses are beneficial to individuals, and sometimes they can cause allergic reactions. In normal circumstances, lymphocytes have the ability to distinguish between self-tissue and foreign matter. However, in pathological conditions, the immune recognition function may make incorrect judgments, or the human body's tissues may undergo some changes induced by external factors, causing the immune system to attack its own tissues, resulting in damage and destruction of the tissues. This is known as autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus and immune nephropathy. In addition, some tissues in the human body cannot be recognized by the immune system due to some barriers. For example, the antigen of sperm occurs in the late stage of individual development, later than the period of immune tolerance. Therefore, sperm-specific antigens have automatic and allogeneic immunogenicity. And in normal circumstances, due to anatomical reasons, sperm are isolated from the blood circulation system and have never met lymphocytes, so no immune response occurs. Once due to reproductive tract injury or inflammation, they meet, an immune response will occur, and anti-sperm antibodies will be produced.

　　There is currently no effective preventive measure for infertility with positive serum anti-sperm antibody. Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to the prevention and treatment of the disease. The disease affects the family's happiness and life of the patient, so it is necessary to treat it in a timely manner once found.

　　1. Gynecological examination to understand the development of internal and external reproductive organs, whether there is inflammation, tumor, or malformation, and to check for galactorrhea.

　　2. Vaginal discharge examination for vaginal acidity and alkalinity, as well as relevant inflammatory and sexually transmitted disease checks, including trichomoniasis, candidiasis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, etc.

　　3. Hydrotubation examination or hysterosalpingography.

　　4. Ovarian function examination.

　　5. Continuous measurement of the basic body temperature for three months to understand the regularity of ovulation and the function of the corpus luteum.

　　6. The cervical mucus crystalline examination shows that the cervical mucus is thin during the ovulation period, which is conducive to sperm penetration. The typical fern-like crystals appear on the smear, and the fern-like crystals gradually decrease or disappear. Therefore, the change of cervical mucus crystalline in the menstrual cycle is helpful for the diagnosis of ovulation and the change of ovarian function.

　　7. The vaginal cytology examination starts after the menstrual period is clean, with a test every other day until the next menstrual period arrives.

　　8. Endometrial pathological examination, understand whether there is ovulation and corpus luteum function.

　　9. Endocrine determination, patients suspected of having pituitary, thyroid or adrenal gland diseases can be tested for pituitary gonadotropin, 17-ketones, 17-hydroxyestradiol, progesterone, oxytocin, etc. The post-coital test is best performed two hours after sexual intercourse during the ovulatory period. Use two sterile pipettes to separately collect cervical mucus and vaginal fornix fluid and place them on two glass slides for microscopic examination. If there are active sperms in both, it is normal. If there are no sperms in both, it indicates that the male partner has no sperm. If there are sperms in the posterior fornix smear but not in the cervical smear, it indicates that the female cervical mucus is abnormal.

　　1. What foods are good for the body for infertility with positive serum anti-sperm antibodies:

　　Diet should be light, eat more vegetables and fruits, reasonably match the diet, and pay attention to adequate nutrition.

　　2. What foods should not be eaten for infertility with positive serum anti-sperm antibodies:

　　Avoid smoking and drinking, spicy and greasy foods. Avoid raw and cold foods.

　　Precautions before treatment of infertility with positive serum anti-sperm antibodies:

　　The purpose of treating immunological infertility is to reduce the titer of anti-sperm antibodies in the body, even to make the anti-sperm antibodies disappear, so that sperms and eggs can combine normally and result in pregnancy and childbirth.

　　The treatment method of Western medicine is to use condoms to separate sperm from contact with the female partner, so that no new anti-sperm antibodies will be produced, and the existing antibodies can gradually disappear. This process is relatively long, at least about half a year. In addition, oral small doses of corticosteroid hormones can be taken to suppress the immune response, such as prednisone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, etc., generally about 3 months or more.

　　In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated many experiences in the treatment of immunological infertility through clinical exploration and summary, showing certain advantages. Common treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine for immunological infertility include nourishing Yin and tonifying the kidney, clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, promoting diuresis and purifying turbidity, and invigorating the spleen and removing phlegm. These treatment methods are mainly for internal medication, simple and easy to use, without the side effects caused by long-term use of hormones, safe and effective, and shorten the course of treatment. Therefore, traditional Chinese medicine has great prospects for the treatment of immunological infertility, and should be carefully summarized and improved.