Ovarian fibrous tissue origin tumors

　　The etiologies of several ovarian fibrous tissue-derived tumors are slightly different.

　　1. Ovarian fibroma

　　The tissue origin is still controversial. The most likely source is mesenchymal cells with a fibroblast differentiation tendency in the ovarian stroma. Some propose that fibromas originate from theca-luteal fibroma or Brenner tumor, while others believe that fibromas originate from the connective tissue within the ovary, with the primary site being the ovarian stroma or the walls of blood and lymphatic vessels. Although it is difficult to differentiate fibromas from fibrous theca-luteal cell tumors, even impossible, every effort should be made to differentiate them.

　　2. Fibrosarcoma

　　It may originate from the ovarian stroma or develop from the mucinous transformation of fibroma.

　　3. Ovarian primary mucinous tumor

　　Most mucinous tumors originate from connective tissue, but the origin of tissue is still controversial. The origin of ovarian mucinous tumors is still unclear. By comparing the histological and immunohistochemical features of ovarian mucinous tumors with those of ovarian theca-luteal cell tumors and fibromas, mucinous tumors may be a special differentiation stage of theca-luteal-fibrous cell tumors.

　　Ovarian fibrosarcomas are more prone to hemorrhage and necrosis; multicellular fibromas have a tendency to recur late. When the tumors become larger, they can cause abdominal enlargement, urinary system symptoms, and abdominal pain. Acute abdominal pain may occur in cases of torsion, accounting for about 5%. Ascites is relatively common, and in 50% of cases with tumor diameter ＞5cm, pleural and peritoneal effusions (Meig syndrome) may be observed. However, the typical Meig syndrome is only seen in 1% to 3% of cases. The effusions in the chest and abdomen can disappear after tumor resection. Occasionally, symptoms related to endocrine dysfunction, such as menstrual disorders, postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, and infertility, may be seen.

　　The clinical manifestations of several ovarian fibrous tissue-derived tumors are described as follows.

　　1. Ovarian fibroma

　　Ovarian fibromas are usually unilateral, with about 3% to 10% being bilateral and 10% being multiple.

　　Since the tumors are usually small (＜4cm), they often present no symptoms in clinical practice. When the tumors become larger, they can cause abdominal enlargement, urinary system symptoms, and abdominal pain. In cases of torsion, acute abdominal pain may occur, accounting for about 5%. Ascites is relatively common, and in 50% of cases with tumor diameter ＞5cm, pleural and peritoneal effusions (Meig syndrome) may be observed. However, the typical Meig syndrome is only seen in 1% to 3% of cases. The effusions in the chest and abdomen can disappear after tumor resection. Occasionally, symptoms related to endocrine dysfunction, such as menstrual disorders, postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, and infertility, may be seen.

　　2. Multicellular fibroma

　　The main clinical manifestations are pelvic masses and/or abdominal pain, and the tumors usually have no capsular adhesion and rupture.

　　3. Primary ovarian fibrosarcoma

　　Patients with nevus syndrome associated with basal cell carcinoma often seek medical attention due to abdominal pain and/or pelvic masses.

　　4, Ovarian Primary Mucinous Cyst

　　No special symptoms, mostly found during physical examination, with pelvic mass, may be accompanied by abdominal pain, mostly unilateral adnexal mass, while the contralateral adnexa is normal.

　　The etiology of ovarian fibroma originating from ovarian fibrous tissue is not yet fully clear, therefore there is no effective preventive measure. Women should try to do regular physical examinations, early detection, early treatment, and follow-up to have a better prognosis.

　　Women with solid masses in the abdominal cavity, smooth and mobile, hard texture, should consider the possibility of ovarian fibroma originating from ovarian fibrous tissue. Combined with the following clinical examinations, diagnosis is not difficult.

　　1, Laboratory tests

　　Immunohistochemical examination, tumor marker examination.

　　2, Other examinations

　　Abdominal ultrasound, histopathological examination, laparoscopic examination.

　　Recommend several dietary recipes suitable for patients with ovarian fibroma originating from ovarian fibrous tissue.

　　1, Goat Milk and Rock Sugar Boiled Eggs

　　Goat milk 250 grams, crushed rock sugar 50 grams, eggs 1-2. Melt the rock sugar with a little water, pour it into boiling goat milk, add the eggs, stir well, and boil until about to boil, then it can be eaten. It has the effect of tonifying the middle and stomach, moistening dryness and nourishing blood. It is suitable for patients with weakness of the spleen and stomach after various types of cancer surgery.

　　2, Longan Pork Bone Stewed Turtle

　　Longan meat 50 grams, pork spine with bone and marrow 250-500 grams, turtle 500 grams. Clean the longan meat, chop the pork bone into pieces, cut the turtle into pieces, add adequate water, simmer for a long time, season with salt, and eat. It has the effect of invigorating the spleen and generating blood, nourishing the kidney and Yin. It is suitable for patients with body weakness after cancer surgery.

　　3, Wolfberry Lean Pork Turtle Soup

　　Wolfberry seeds 40 grams, lean pork 150 grams, turtle meat 560 grams. Wash the wolfberry seeds, cut the lean pork into fine pieces, and cut the turtle into pieces. Add these foods to a pot with adequate water, simmer until cooked, sprinkle salt for seasoning, and eat. It has the effect of nourishing Yin and blood, benefiting the liver and kidney. It is suitable for patients with blood deficiency and Qi weakness after surgery for cancer.

　　4, Pear, Sugarcane, and Grape Syrup

　　Pear juice 1 portion, sugarcane juice 2 portions, grape juice 1 portion. Mix and blend the three, and it can be taken cold or warm after heating. It has the effect of nourishing Yin, clearing the lung, and increasing fluid to nourish the stomach. It is suitable for patients with cancer during radiotherapy who have symptoms such as irritability, dry mouth, nausea, poor appetite, constipation, and jaundice.

　　5, Lily and Panax notoginseng Stewed Rabbit Meat

　　Lily 40 grams, Panax notoginseng 15 grams, rabbit meat 250 grams. Clean the lily, cut the notoginseng, and cut the rabbit meat into fine pieces. Add these foods to a pot with adequate water, simmer on low heat until cooked, season and drink the soup or eat as a side dish. It has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, nourishing Yin and stomach. It is suitable for patients undergoing radiotherapy for cancer.

　　6, Astragalus and Wolfberry Stewed Turtle

　　Astragalus 50 grams, Wolfberry 30 grams, Turtle meat 500 grams (or lean pork 100 grams), oil and salt to taste. The astragalus slices are wrapped in gauze, the wolfberry seeds are washed clean, and the turtle is cleaned and cut into fine pieces. Add these foods to a pot with adequate water, simmer until cooked, remove the medicine residue, season and eat. It has the effect of tonifying the middle, benefiting Qi, nourishing Yin and generating blood. It is suitable for patients with dizziness, anemia, leukopenia, fatigue and weakness during or after radiotherapy for various cancers.

　　7. Turtle Pork Trotter Ginseng Soup

　　500 grams of turtle, 250 grams of pork trotter, 15 grams of ginseng. Cut the turtle into cubes, wash the pork trotter clean. Put the above foods and ginseng into a pot, add an appropriate amount of water, and simmer until cooked, season with salt, and it can be eaten. It has the effect of replenishing vital energy and blood, and invigorating the body. It is suitable for patients with various types of cancer after radiotherapy, who have anemia, shortness of breath, and weakness.

　　8. Pork Fish Maw Glutinous Rice Porridge

　　100 grams of lean pork, 50 grams of fish maw, 100 grams of glutinous rice. Cut the pork into thin shreds, and soak the fish maw for one day and then cut it into thin strips. Cook the above foods with glutinous rice into porridge, season with salt, and it can be eaten. It has the effect of tonifying the middle and vital energy, nourishing blood and kidney. It is suitable for emaciated and weak patients with cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, etc. who have no appetite.

　　The best treatment plan for ovarian fibroma originating from fibrous tissue is surgical resection, supplemented by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
　　1. Ovarian Fibroma:Treatment is surgical resection. Since this disease can occur in women of any age, the extent of surgery should be determined according to the patient's age, general condition, and fertility status. Generally, resection of the affected ovary or the affected adnexa is sufficient; for young women with fertility requirements, tumor excision can also be performed; postmenopausal women can undergo a total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy at the same time. Surgery can relieve all symptoms. In extremely rare cases, ovarian fibroma can have peritoneal implantation, but it should not be considered as evidence of malignancy.
　　2. Multicellular Fibroma:Treatment is mainly surgical, and fertility can be preserved for young, fertile patients. However, there is also a tendency for late recurrence and death due to this tumor, so this tumor should be treated as a borderline malignant tumor. If the capsule is ruptured or adherent during surgery, the surgical range should be appropriately expanded, and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be given after surgery.
　　3. Primary Fibrosarcoma:A total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy can be performed, and a more thorough pelvic lymphadenectomy may be necessary if needed.
　　4. Primary Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma:Although myxoma is a benign tumor, due to its sticky nature, it is difficult to be completely removed, and recurrence is not uncommon. If the affected ovary can be completely removed, recurrence can be avoided.