Luteal cysts

　　Pregnant women have a tendency to develop luteal cysts, and the normal corpus luteum diameter during pregnancy is less than 2cm. If the corpus luteum diameter reaches 2-3cm, it is called a cystic corpus luteum; if the diameter is greater than 3cm, it is called a luteal cyst. The pathogenic factors of luteal cysts are:

　　1. The blood supply and lymphatic system of the corpus luteum have become disordered.

　　2. Excessive bleeding during the formation of the corpus luteum's blood vessels, especially in women with coagulation disorders, due to excessive bleeding of the corpus luteum forming a corpus luteum hematoma. After the blood is absorbed, the clear fluid remains in the luteal cavity, causing the diameter of the corpus luteum to increase.

　　6. Over-secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, promoting excessive development of the corpus luteum.

　　Luteal cysts are a complex disease in gynecology, a persistent nightmare for women with the disease, and the most difficult to treat benign tumor. It sticks everywhere, wanders around, and is easy to relapse after treatment. Whether it is conservative surgery or drug treatment, the effect is not ideal, and radical surgery is not suitable for women who want to have children. This tricky disease has a very clever name: luteal cysts.

　　According to information, luteal cysts have become a common disease in modern women, and they are not uncommon in women of advanced age who have not given birth. Some even believe that it is likely to become one of the most serious women's diseases of this century.

　　Luteal cysts, in addition to causing women immense pain during each menstrual period, also cause the biggest trouble of infertility. Because it can damage the body's tissues, if it is near the gastrointestinal tract, it will cause diarrhea and abdominal pain. If it is in the ovary, it will affect the function of the ovary and fallopian tubes, causing infertility. Severe chocolate cysts can even fundamentally subvert a woman's role as a mother.

　　Luteal cysts can occasionally occur torsion or rupture, which can cause intra-pelvic hemorrhage, usually with a small amount of bleeding. Corpus luteum cysts have no hormone function and generally do not cause symptoms, and they can disappear spontaneously. Luteinized follicular cysts occurring with hydatidiform mole can also regress spontaneously. Normal pregnant women will naturally disappear after delivery, and invasive mole or绒癌after cure. Luteal cysts have a spontaneous degeneration trend and are mostly asymptomatic. There are also a few cases that disappear spontaneously in clinical practice.

　　Early pregnancy often occurs with luteal cysts, generally without subjective symptoms, and is often found during routine gynecological examinations. Do not misdiagnose it as ovarian cystadenoma and remove it. In the non-pregnancy period, due to the endocrine activity of luteal cysts, menstrual cycle delay can occur, followed by persistent or irregular uterine bleeding. Before bleeding, the endometrium may sometimes show decidual-like changes. Sometimes there is slight hidden pain in the lower abdomen on the affected side.

　　Once the cyst ruptures, it can cause internal hemorrhage or acute abdomen. The lesions are mostly bilateral, and the ovarian surface presents with cystic nodules of varying sizes. The smaller ones only show slight enlargement of the ovary, while the larger ones can reach a diameter of 15-20cm. The walls are thin, and the cross-sections appear yellow or hemorrhagic. The cysts are filled with light yellow clear fluid or light brown fluid, and there are occasionally focal hyperplastic epithelial decidual-like yellow spots on the ovarian surface.

　　Most luteal cysts are physiological phenomena. If they are within the normal range, there is no problem. However, if the symptoms are severe and do not subside for more than an hour, it is necessary to start from daily life to prevent the occurrence of luteal cysts. Pay attention to the following items.

　　First, do not walk too much or carry heavy objects. Lifting heavy objects can cause the abdomen to exert force, which is easy to cause uterine contractions.

　　Second, rest when tired, keep quiet, which will be very effective.

　　Third, do not accumulate stress. Mental fatigue and physical fatigue can lead to the occurrence of various problems, and accumulated stress can also easily cause the abdomen to become hard. It is best to be able to relax physically and mentally.

　　Fourth, prevent catching a cold. Air conditioning can make the lower limbs and waist too cold, which is also easy to cause high-risk pregnancy. Wearing socks and covering with a blanket can also prevent catching a cold, which is very important.

　　Luteal cysts can occur in married or unmarried women, most commonly in women of childbearing age, and are often found during B-ultrasound examinations.

　　1, Blood coagulation system:Check for disorders of blood coagulation function.

　　2, Tumor markers:It screens out most common ovarian tumors and cancers.

　　3, Laparoscopy:In the early stage of cyst formation, luteal cells still exist and are rich in lipids. The inner layer of the cyst wall is fibrosed, and there are yellowish granular cells and follicular membrane cells visible. There may or may not be blood in the cyst. In the later stage, the cyst wall becomes fibrosed with varying degrees of hyalinization.

　　4, Ultrasound:It indicates the presence and nature of the cyst, providing a basis for treatment.

　　Luteal cysts are divided into acute and chronic types. Acute luteal cysts are characterized by symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Chronic pelvic cystitis includes symptoms such as hidden pain in the lower abdomen,坠胀, and irregular menstruation.

　　Food to Eat: Eat more foods that have the effect of anti-vulvar tumor and leukoplakia, such as sesame seeds, almonds, wheat, barley, loofah, black-bone chicken, cuttlefish, Chinese krait, pork pancreas, chrysanthemum, black plum, peach, lychee, centipede, chicken blood, eel, abalone, crab, horseshoe crab, sardine, clam, turtle. For pain, eat horseshoe crab, red, lobsters, clams, sea cucumber, tiger fish, beetroot, mung bean, radish, chicken blood. For itching, eat amaranth, cabbage, rapeseed, taro, kelp, purple kelp, chicken blood, snake meat, pangolin. To enhance the body and prevent metastasis, eat silver ear, black fungus, mushrooms, monkey head mushrooms, chicken gizzards, sea cucumber, Job's tears, walnuts, crab, agama, needlefish.

　　If a woman has already had children or has passed the menopausal period, a gynecologist would recommend removing both ovaries and the uterus together. This is because once a woman has a certain kind of cyst, there is a possibility of recurrence, and recurrence of the cyst can increase the risk of cancer. Non-malignant corpus luteum cysts can sometimes be treated with a procedure called laparoscopy, but the usual treatment is to remove the cyst. In the implementation of this treatment method, it usually does not affect the ovaries, but occasionally, in order to ensure that the entire cyst is removed, the entire ovary and even the fallopian tube may need to be removed. Since women have two ovaries, they can still reproduce after the removal of one ovary.

　　Physical Therapy:It is considered to be a good treatment method at present, suitable for patients with moderate to severe corpus luteum cysts. Methods include electrocautery, cryosurgery, laser, etc. The doctor selects the method according to the degree and area of the cervical cyst and the overall condition of the patient. The wound healing takes 4-8 weeks, and postoperative attention should be paid to keeping the vulva clean, and sexual intercourse and bath are prohibited before the wound heals.

　　Drug Corrosion:Wipe clean the surface of the cervix, protect with dry gauze, dip a cotton swab in a 10%-20% silver nitrate or potassium dichromate solution, and apply it to the erosion surface, then wipe it repeatedly with normal saline. Apply the medicine 5-7 days after the menstrual period is clean, apply silver nitrate 1-2 times per application, and 2-4 times as a course of treatment. Apply potassium dichromate once a month. Both of these drugs have a strong corrosive effect and must be used in a hospital.