Diarrhea due to deficiency and cold

　　What causes diarrhea due to deficiency and cold:

　　1. The main organs involved in the pathogenesis of diarrhea due to deficiency and cold are the spleen, stomach, and large and small intestines. The causes of the disease include invasion of external pathogens, irregular diet, emotional injury, and weakness of the organs, among which spleen deficiency and dampness are important factors leading to the occurrence of the disease, and they interact with each other, causing cause and effect.

　　2. Acute diarrhea, due to irregular diet, eating unclean cold food, damaging the spleen and stomach, causing malnutrition; or due to summer damp-heat pathogen, attacking the gastrointestinal tract, the spleen is trapped by dampness, pathogenic resistance is blocked, qi flow is obstructed, the transportation and transformation functions of the gastrointestinal tract are abnormal, leading to the separation of the clear and turbid, and the mixing of water and food, resulting in diarrhea. Chronic diarrhea, due to inherent weakness of the spleen and stomach, long-term qi deficiency or prolonged invasion of external pathogens, the spleen and stomach lose their functions of acceptance and transformation, water and dampness accumulate internally, the clear and turbid are not separated and excreted downwards; or due to emotional imbalance, the liver loses its function of releasing, invades the spleen, disrupts transformation, leading to diarrhea; or due to kidney yang deficiency, the fire of the life gate is weak, unable to warm the spleen and stomach soil, digest food and grains, resulting in diarrhea.

　　What diseases can diarrhea due to deficiency and cold be complicated with:

　　The onset is acute, the course is short, the frequency of defecation is significantly increased, and urination is reduced. Accompanied by loose stools, mixing of water and food, abdominal bloating and pain, no thirst, aversion to cold, pale tongue, slippery coating, slow pulse, it is due to the invasion of pathogenic cold and dampness; with scanty stools containing mucus, burning sensation around the anus, abdominal pain, thirst for cold drinks, short and red urine, red tongue, yellow greasy coating, slippery and rapid pulse, it is due to the invasion of pathogenic damp-heat; abdominal pain and intestinal rumbling, foul-smelling stools, pain decreases after defecation, accompanied by undigested food, belching and acid regurgitation, loss of appetite, greasy or thick coating on the tongue, slippery pulse, it is due to food retention.

　　Diarrhea due to deficiency and cold is often seen in acute and chronic enteritis, gastrointestinal dysfunction, allergic enteritis, ulcerative colitis, intestinal tuberculosis, and other diseases in Western medicine. Western medicine believes that diarrhea can be caused by various reasons. When a large amount of non-absorbable hypertonic solute is ingested, the body fluid will passively enter the intestinal cavity, causing osmotic diarrhea; diarrhea due to excessive secretion or inhibition of absorption of water and electrolytes in the gastrointestinal tract; when the integrity of the intestinal mucosa is damaged due to inflammation, ulceration, and other lesions, a large amount of exudation will form, resulting in exudative diarrhea (inflammatory diarrhea); when the gastrointestinal motility shortens the time of contact between intracavity water and electrolytes and intestinal epithelial cells, it directly affects water absorption, forming abnormal diarrhea due to gastrointestinal motility dysfunction.

　　Diarrhea due to deficiency and cold seriously affects the daily life of patients, so it should be actively prevented. However, there is currently no effective preventive method for this disease, so early detection and early treatment are of great significance for the treatment of the disease.

　　Diarrhea due to deficiency and cold can be diagnosed by the following methods:

　　1. Fecal examination:Loose stools, stools with mucus, foul odor, and examination of fecal electrolytes and osmotic pressure.

　　2. Ultrasound:B-ultrasound is a non-invasive and non-radioactive examination method.

　　3. CT or MRI examination:It is of great significance to check for tumors in the digestive system to exclude tumors and confirm the diagnosis of虚寒diarrhea.

　　Patients with虚寒diarrhea should pay attention to a light diet, preferring easily digestible and absorbable foods such as vegetable congee, noodles, and soup. In addition, patients should avoid spicy, greasy, and cold foods.

　　The specific treatment methods for虚寒diarrhea in traditional Chinese medicine are as follows:

　　First, basic treatment

　　1. Acute Diarrhea

　　(1) Treatment method: Eliminating dampness and guiding retention, regulating the qi of the bowels. The main points are the acupoints of the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming and the Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin.

　　(2) Main points: Tianchi, Shangjuxu, Yinlingquan, Shuifen

　　(3) For those with cold and dampness, add Shenque; for those with damp-heat, add Neiting; for those with food retention, add Zhongwan.

　　(4) Operation: Use needle pricking method. Use ginger moxibustion at Shenque.

　　(5) The purpose of Shangjuxu is the lower He point of the Large Intestine, which can transform dampness and phlegm, with the meaning of 'He treatment for internal organs'. Yinlingquan can strengthen the spleen and transform dampness. Shuifen promotes urination and solidifies stool.

　　2. Chronic Diarrhea

　　(1) Treatment method: Strengthening the spleen and warming the kidney, strengthening the foundation and stopping diarrhea. The main points are the Ren Mai and the acupoints of the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming and the Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin.

　　(2) Main points: Shenque, Tianchi, Zusanli, Gongsun

　　(3) For those with spleen deficiency, add Spleen Shu and Taibai; for those with liver depression, add Taichong; for those with kidney deficiency, add Kidney Shu and Mingmen.

　　(4) Operation: Use moxibustion at Shenque; use flat supplementation and flat draining method at Tianchi; use supplementation method at Zusanli and Gongsun. The points are manipulated according to the method of supplementing deficiency and draining excess.

　　(5) The purpose of Moxibustion at Shenque is to warm and invigorate the original Yang, strengthen the foundation and stop diarrhea. Tianchi is the acupoint of the Large Intestine, which can regulate the qi of the intestines and stomach. Zusanli and Gongsun strengthen the spleen and benefit the stomach.

　　Second, other treatments

　　1. Acupuncture point injection method selects Tianchi, Shangjuxu. Use berberine hydrochloride injection, or vitamin B1, B12 injection, 0.5-1 ml per point, once a day or every other day.

　　2. Acupuncture points selection: Large Intestine, Stomach, Spleen, Liver, Kidney, Sympathetic. Each time, 3-4 points are selected for needle insertion with moderate stimulation. It can also be used for needle embedding or for pressure with seeds of Speranskia.