Polycystic renal calyx malformation

　　The cause of disease: The kidneys are often disk-shaped, and the renal blood vessels are usually around the flattened renal hilum. Some people believe that this abnormality is the result of an early and rapid development of the ureteric bud (a blind tube that grows outwards and backwards from the terminal part of the mesonephric duct near the cloaca. It extends towards the dorsal and cranial side, growing into the mesodermal tissue at the tail end of the mesonephric ridge. The ureteric bud repeatedly branches and gradually evolves into the ureter, renal pelvis, renal calyces, and collecting tubules).

　　This type of extrarenal renal calyx often does not cause symptoms, but abnormal urine drainage can lead to infection and calculus. Kidney calculus refers to calculi occurring in the renal calyces, renal pelvis, and the junction of the renal pelvis and the ureter. Most of them are located in the renal pelvis and calyces, and renal parenchymal calculi are rare. The plain film shows a single or multiple circular, oval, or blunt triangular dense shadows in the renal area, with high and even density, and most of them are smooth, but some are not smooth and present a mulberry-like shape. The kidney is the main site for the formation of urinary tract calculi. Calculi from any other part of the body can originate from the kidney, and almost all ureteral calculi come from the kidney. Kidney calculi are more likely to directly damage the kidney than calculi from other parts of the body, so early diagnosis and treatment are very important.

　　This type of extrarenal renal calyx often does not cause symptoms, but abnormal urine drainage can lead to infection and calculus. Kidney calculus refers to calculi occurring in the renal calyces, renal pelvis, and the junction of the renal pelvis and the ureter. Most of them are located in the renal pelvis and calyces, and renal parenchymal calculi are rare. The plain film shows a single or multiple circular, oval, or blunt triangular dense shadows in the renal area, with high and even density, and most of them are smooth, but some are not smooth and present a mulberry-like shape. The kidney is the main site for the formation of urinary tract calculi. Calculi from any other part of the body can originate from the kidney, and almost all ureteral calculi come from the kidney. Kidney calculi are more likely to directly damage the kidney than calculi from other parts of the body, so early diagnosis and treatment are very important.

　　The kidneys are often disc-shaped, and renal blood vessels are often around the flat renal hilum. Some people believe that this abnormality is the result of an early and rapid development of the ureteric bud. This type of extrarenal renal calyx often does not cause symptoms, but abnormal urine drainage can lead to infection and calculus. Sometimes the renal calyces become blunt, and this change in imaging characteristics is easily misdiagnosed as pyelonephritis or obstruction. If there is obstruction or infection, it is a sign for surgical treatment.

　　CT diagnosis, sometimes the renal calyces become blunt, and this change in imaging characteristics is easily misdiagnosed as pyelonephritis (inflammation of the renal pelvis, usually caused by bacterial infection, often accompanied by lower urinary tract inflammation) or obstruction. CT is different from X-ray imaging; it uses X-ray beams to scan the human body in cross-sectional planes, obtain information, and obtain reconstructed images after computer processing. The images displayed are cross-sectional anatomical images, and their density resolution is significantly better than X-ray images.

　　One, Dietary Recipe:

　　1. Sea Cucumber Soup: 50 grams of diced sea cucumber, 100 grams of glutinous rice, cooked into porridge together, with a little scallion, ginger, and salt for seasoning. It has the effects of tonifying kidney and enriching essence, nourishing Yin and blood, suitable for symptoms such as weakness of the physique, soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, insomnia, and night sweats due to kidney Yin deficiency.

　　2. Chinese Wolfberry Pork Kidney Soup: 10 grams of Chinese wolfberry, one pork kidney (with the inner membrane removed and chopped), 100 grams of glutinous rice, a little scallion, ginger, salt, cooked into porridge together. It has the effects of nourishing kidney Yin and kidney Yang, consolidating essence, and strengthening the waist and knees, suitable for symptoms such as soreness and pain in the lower back and spine, soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, weakness in the legs and feet, dizziness, and tinnitus due to kidney deficiency and consumption of both Yin and Yang. This is a classic recipe in the dietary therapy for kidney deficiency.

　　3. Cistanche Soup: 10 grams of Cistanche, one sheep kidney (with the inner membrane removed and chopped), 100 grams of glutinous rice, cooked into porridge together. It has the effects of tonifying kidney Yang, assisting in urination, and enriching essence, suitable for symptoms such as aversion to cold, cold limbs, soreness and pain in the lower back and knees, frequent urination, nocturnal enuresis, and constipation due to kidney Yang deficiency in the middle-aged and elderly. This is a classic recipe in the dietary therapy for kidney deficiency.

　　4. Deer Antler Gelatin Porridge: 6 grams of deer antler gelatin, 100 grams of glutinous rice. After cooking the glutinous rice into porridge, crush the deer antler gelatin and dissolve it in the hot porridge, then add an appropriate amount of sugar. It has the effects of tonifying kidney Yang and enriching essence and blood, suitable for symptoms such as emaciation, soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, pain, seminal emission, and impotence due to insufficient kidney Yang and deficiency of essence and blood.

　　5. Eucommia ligustrum lumbar flowers, 12 grams of Eucommia, boiled and filtered for use, one pair of pork kidneys, cleaned of the inner membrane, cut into lumbar flowers, seasoned with Eucommia decoction, stir-fried with scallions, ginger, and salt, and then eaten. It has the effects of kidney and liver-nourishing, strengthening the tendons and bones, and lowering blood pressure. It is suitable for kidney deficiency and lumbar pain caused by insufficient liver and kidney in middle-aged and elderly people, weakness in the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, and hypertension.

　　6. Fried walnuts, 10 grams of walnuts, fried and chewed. It has the effects of kidney-nourishing, warming the lung, moistening the intestines, and promoting defecation. It is suitable for kidney deficiency and back pain, weak feet, or deficiency-cold cough and constipation.

　　7. Three-ingredient egg soup, 1 egg, 9 grams of lotus seeds without core, euryale seed, and Chinese yam, and appropriate amount of sugar. Boiled into medicine soup, eat the egg and drink the soup. It is mainly used for kidney deficiency.

　　8. Euryale seed and walnut porridge, 30 grams of euryale seed, 20 grams of walnuts, 10 red dates, and 50 grams of rice. Cooked into porridge for regular consumption. It can kidney-nourishing, Qi-receiving, and asthma-relieving.

　　9. Five-flavor snacks, 150 grams of mung beans, 10 grams of black sesame seeds, 5 grams of walnuts, 120 grams of sugar, and 125 grams of lard. Made into snacks for consumption. It is mainly used for kidney deficiency.

　　10. Yam meatballs: 200 grams of yam, 300 grams of pork, 30 grams of mushrooms, 1 egg white, 500 grams of peanut oil, a little sesame oil, scallion, monosodium glutamate, ginger juice, 5 grams of white pepper, 20 grams of cornstarch, and appropriate amount of salt. Mix all the ingredients to make meatballs for side dishes. It is mainly used for kidney deficiency.

　　11. Mutton and glutinous rice porridge: fresh mutton 3-5 liang, glutinous rice to taste. Clean the mutton, cut into pieces, and cook with glutinous rice. This recipe benefits Qi and blood, replenishes deficiency and damage, warms the spleen and stomach, and is suitable for Yang deficiency, Qi and blood deficiency, emaciation, deficiency and consumptive disease, cold aversion, fear of cold, soreness and weakness in the waist and knees, and nausea and vomiting in the middle-jiao.

　　12. 500 grams of mutton, fine salt, cooking wine, scallions, ginger, and pepper to taste, stewed meat and soup for consumption. It has the effects of kidney Yang-nourishing, essence and Qi-nourishing, and warming the waist and knees. It is suitable for patients with kidney deficiency and back pain, cold pain in both knees, weakness, impotence and seminal emission, cold hands and feet.

　　13. Five sparrow grasses (cleaned and washed), 100 grams of millet, scallions, ginger, vegetable oil, salt, and yellow wine to taste, cooked into porridge for consumption. This recipe has the effect of Yang-tonifying and essence-nourishing. It is suitable for Yang deficiency and emaciation.

　　14. Jinyingzi, 15 grams each, dog meat 500 grams, fine salt, cooking wine, and Sichuan pepper to taste. The meat is stewed and the soup is eaten. It has the functions of kidney-nourishing and Yang-tonifying, strengthening the tendons and bones, consolidating essence and astringing the intestines, and reducing urine and stopping leukorrhea. It is suitable for kidney deficiency, frequent urination, seminal emission, impotence, premature ejaculation, weakness of the feet, and polyuria in the elderly.

　　15. One pigeon, 200 grams of chicken, 10 grams of cooked green vegetables, chicken soup, fine salt, pepper, and chopped green onions. The meat is stewed and the soup is eaten. It can nourish the liver and kidneys, benefit the essence and blood, strengthen Yang and treat impotence, dispel wind and detoxify. This soup is suitable for people with emaciation, kidney Yang deficiency, diabetes, and women with blood deficiency and amenorrhea.

　　Secondly, in terms of diet:

　　Reduce water intake and salt consumption, and avoid foods rich in potassium such as oranges, tangerines, and various fruits. Low phosphorus diet, such as avoiding crabs, and foods containing plant proteins such as peanuts, bean products, beans, various nuts, soy milk, etc., should not be eaten. Increase calorie intake, such as eating more apples, sweet potatoes, and yams.

　　The above information is for reference only, please consult a doctor for details.

　　The kidneys are often disc-shaped, and the renal blood vessels are often around the flat renal hilum. Some people believe that this abnormality is the result of the early and rapid development of the ureteral bud. This renal ectopia renal pelvis often does not cause symptoms, but abnormal urine drainage can lead to infection and stones. Sometimes the renal pelvis becomes blunt, and the imaging characteristics of this change are easy to misdiagnose as pyelonephritis or obstruction. If there is obstruction or infection, it is a sign for surgical treatment.

　　First, Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment Methods

　　1. Kidney deficiency and damp-heat:Treatment Method: Tonify the kidneys, clear heat, and promote diuresis.

　　Prescription: Zhizi Baihuangtang can be added or subtracted. Medicines include Zhimu, Huangbai, Shengdi, Shanyao, Shanyao, Danpi, Fuling, Zexie, Huashi, Tongcao, Niuxi, Cheqianzi. In the prescription, Zhimu, Huangbai, and Danpi clear heat, Shengdi, Shanyao, and Shanyao tonify the kidneys, Fuling, Zexie, Huashi, Tongcao, Cheqianzi, and Niuxi promote diuresis and remove dampness.

　　2. Deficiency of both the spleen and kidneys:Treatment Method: Invigorate the spleen and tonify the kidneys.

　　Prescription: Wubuyao Shanyao Pill can be added or subtracted. Medicines include Shanyao, Zexie, Fuling, Shengdi, Gouqizi, Wuxingzi, Rouchongrong, Duzhong, Niuxi, Susizi, Baijidian, Lianzi. In the prescription, Shanyao and Fuling invigorate the spleen, Shengdi, Gouqizi, Duzhong, and Niuxi tonify the kidneys, Rouchongrong, Susizi, Baijidian, and Wuxingzi warm the kidneys and consolidate fluid, Lianzi clears heat and relieves fire. It is the main prescription for treating laborious stranguria.

　　3. Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis:Treatment Method: Promoting Qi and Activating Blood to remove dampness.

　　Prescription: Five Lysure Powder can be added or subtracted. Medicines include Danggui, Chishao, Shiwei, Dongkuizi, Chenxiang powder, Chaihu, Chuandoushi, Niuxi, Chuanshanjie, Wangbuluheng, Shengputao, Zhizi, Danpi. In the prescription, Chaihu, Chuandoushi, and Chenxiang relax the liver and promote Qi; Danggui, Chishao, Niuxi, Chuanshanjie, Shengputao, and Danpi promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis; Wangbuluheng, Shiwei, and Dongkuizi promote diuresis and remove dampness; Zhizi and Danpi clear heat and remove dampness; collectively acting as a medicine for promoting Qi, activating blood, and removing dampness.

　　Second, Western Medicine Treatment Methods

　　1. Early renal hypoplasia can be treated conservatively, and for patients with severe renal function damage in the late stage, if conditions or indications are met, allogeneic kidney transplantation can be considered.

　　2. Unilateral developmental defect, contralateral renal function is good, nephrectomy is performed, the younger the age, the better the surgical effect.