Acute cholangitis

　　1. Infection

　　Bacterial or parasitic infections can all cause acute inflammation of the bile duct.

　　2. Pancreatic juice reflux

　　Pancreatic juice entering the bile duct is corroded by activated pancreatic enzymes, causing chemical inflammation, and secondary infection is also easy to occur on this basis.

　　3. Bile duct stenosis

　　Gallstones can cause bile flow obstruction and can also cause inflammation or ulcers in the bile duct wall due to mechanical stimulation; surgical trauma, or contrast examination, can cause damage and scarring to the bile duct wall, leading to narrowing of bile flow and triggering infection and inflammation.

　　致急性重症胆管炎病人死亡的主要原因是败血症、中毒性休克、胆源性肝脓肿、胆道出血、多器官功能衰竭等病情的严重发展。

　　Typical symptoms of acute cholangitis

　　1. Abdominal pain: The degree of pain ranges from mild dull pain to severe colic, persistent or intermittent. The pain is often located below the sternum on the right side, the inflammation of the intrahepatic bile duct can cause pain in the liver area or the upper left abdomen, and it often radiates to the back or right shoulder. When the inflammation develops to the serous membrane of the bile duct and its surrounding area, there may be muscle tension and rebound pain in the abdominal muscles.

　　2. Feverishness, low fever, or high fever, slight chill or chills. May be accompanied by increased heart rate and pulse.

　　4. Gastrointestinal symptoms often include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, bloating, and other symptoms. The pain does not subside after vomiting. There may also be vomiting of ascaris.

　　4. When there is significant cholangitis within the liver, there are often symptoms such as enlarged liver, tenderness, and pain on percussion in the liver area.

　　Acute cholangitis seriously affects patients' daily lives, so it should be actively prevented. Active treatment of bile duct diseases, eating less high-fat and high-cholesterol foods, is of great significance for the treatment and prevention of this disease.

　　1. Blood

　　Increased white blood cells, increased neutrophils. Increased bilirubin, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase; also, increased alanine aminotransferase and amylase may be present.

　　2. Urine

　　Decreased urobilinogen, positive urobilin, and increased amylase may also be present.

　　3. Ultrasound examination

　　Dilatation of the bile duct, thickening of the wall, with the presence of stones, ascaris, and cholecystitis manifestations.

　　4. X-ray and CT

　　Cholangiography may show dilatation of the bile duct or the presence of stones.

　　The diet of patients with acute cholangitis should be light and easy to digest, with an emphasis on eating more vegetables and fruits, a reasonable diet, and sufficient nutrition. In addition, patients should also pay attention to avoiding spicy, greasy, and cold foods..

　　1. Antispasmodic, analgesic, and choleretic, metronidazole can be used if necessary.

　　2. Gastrointestinal decompression can alleviate bloating, vomiting, and the stimulation of bile secretion.

　　3. Correcting shock.

　　4. Antimicrobial infection.