Liver fibrosis

　　There are many causes of liver fibrosis, and they are commonly seen in clinical practice, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver, and autoimmune diseases. The formation process of liver fibrosis has become clear, and its formation process is related to serum biochemistry, which can be roughly divided into three links: chronic liver damage, dysregulation of cytokine networks, and abnormal metabolism of extracellular matrix.

　　Liver fibrosis can cause excessive abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix components, resulting in damage to liver cell function, increased blood flow resistance within the liver, and eventually leading to liver cirrhosis, which is the greatest complication of liver fibrosis.

　　The early symptoms of liver fibrosis are often fatigue and weakness, decreased appetite, and sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Patients also have symptoms of chronic dyspepsia, such as bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and hidden pain in the liver area. Some patients have no obvious history of chronic liver disease, and it is only discovered after further examination. Many patients with chronic hepatitis have symptoms such as acid regurgitation, belching, hiccups, hidden pain in the upper abdomen, and upper abdominal fullness. Chronic hepatitis, due to decreased liver function affecting the synthesis of prothrombin and other coagulation factors, often leads to clinical manifestations such as spider veins, epistaxis, gum bleeding, purple spots or bleeding points on the skin and mucosa, and women often have excessive menstrual bleeding.

　　The prevention of liver fibrosis mainly involves avoiding overexertion and maintaining sufficient sleep. Overexertion can disrupt the immune balance of the body, increase the burden on the liver, and easily lead to the recurrence of chronic hepatitis. Patients with chronic hepatitis should pay special attention to rest. It is not advisable to stay in an air-conditioned low-temperature environment for a long time, as the air in the air-conditioned room is not natural wind, polluted, and prone to the growth of bacteria, which can damage the liver.

　　The examination of liver fibrosis should pay attention to the indicators of extracellular matrix metabolism, which are usually obtained through the detection of enzymes involved in collagen and matrix metabolism, such as collagen, procollagen peptides, and collagen metabolism products. In addition, imaging examinations can also be adopted.

　　1, Ultrasound Examination:Liver fibrosis is characterized by abnormal liver echo changes.

　　2, CT:CT can show thickening of the liver capsule, irregular or nodular liver surface contour, uneven enhancement of liver parenchyma echo or increased CT value, changes in the proportions of each lobe, increased thickness of the spleen, and widening of the portal vein and splenic vein. Color Doppler can measure the blood flow of the hepatic artery and portal vein and the functional portal-systemic shunt, but overall, imaging examinations are not sensitive enough for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

　　The diet of liver fibrosis patients should mainly include light, nutritious foods, eat more fresh and easily digestible foods, and avoid greasy, fried, and spicy foods. In addition to vegetables and fruits, you can eat more sour things like hawthorn and vinegar. The following are the therapeutic diets for this disease.

　　1, Prunus salicina Seed Porridge

　　Take 10-15 grams of Prunus salicina seeds and 50 grams of glutinous rice. First, crush the Prunus salicina seeds, add 500 milliliters of water, boil to 400 milliliters, filter the juice, and cook the glutinous rice as usual, and take it warm in the morning and evening.

　　2, Yam and Longan Stewed Turtle

　　Take 30 grams of yam slices, 15 grams of longan meat, and one turtle (about 500 grams). Kill the turtle, clean and remove the intestines, and cook with yam and longan in a pot, add 1000 milliliters of water, and simmer until tender, and take it warm in the morning and evening.

　　The treatment of liver fibrosis mainly includes the removal of pathogenic factors for the primary disease, such as the treatment of hepatitis B and C viruses, schistosomiasis treatment, and alcohol abstinence. For the treatment of liver fibrosis itself, such as by inhibiting inflammation or lipid peroxidation, or inhibiting the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells, and promoting collagen degradation.