Gastric sarcoma

　　Gastric sarcoma is one of the malignant tumors of the stomach. Gastric cancer occurs in the mucosa of the stomach, while gastric sarcoma occurs in the lymphatic tissue and muscle tissue of the gastric wall, most of which are lymphosarcomas originating from the gastric lymphatic tissue. Submucosal lymphoid follicles occur. Macroscopically, it is seen as a mucosa with unclear boundaries, concave, pale, thickened mucosa, with multiple superficial ulcers. It can occur in any part of the stomach, but is more common in the antrum and body of the stomach. Microscopically, reactive lymphoid follicle hyperplasia is seen, lymphoma cells are located around the marginal zone of the lymphoid follicles, some showing focal infiltration, and lymphoepithelial changes are seen in the lamina propria, with lymphoid follicle formation and destruction of gastric glands. Malignant lymphoma mainly metastasizes through the lymphatic途径.

　　Gastric sarcoma can directly spread to adjacent areas and is one of the malignant tumors of the stomach. The cells of the primary cancer spread from near to far through lymphatic drainage to various lymph nodes, and may also undergo super metastasis; or reverse metastasis may occur due to the obstruction of the forward lymphatic drainage by the cancer. When the metastatic cancer develops in the lymph nodes, the lymph nodes become enlarged and hard, initially still movable, but tend to become fixed as the cancer invades beyond the capsule. The metastatic cancer obstructs the local tissue lymphatic drainage, which may cause lymphedema of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, or limbs; gastric sarcoma can also metastasize via blood, with cancer cells entering the blood vessels and being transported to distant sites such as the lungs, liver, bones, and brain, forming secondary tumors; tumor cells may also be shed and implanted in another location, such as the spread of visceral cancer seeds to the peritoneum or pleura. The metastasis of malignant tumors will increase the damaging effects on the body and affect the prognosis.

　　The early symptoms of gastric sarcoma are similar to those of general gastric disease, often with upper abdominal pain and loss of appetite. In the later stage, due to mucosal necrosis and ulcer formation, gastrointestinal bleeding may occur, and a few people may have irregular fever. A mass may be palpable in the upper abdomen. Liver and spleen enlargement, anemia, weight loss, cachexia. More than half of the patients have a lack of free acid in the gastric juice. Patients may experience symptoms such as stomach pain, abdominal discomfort, hematochezia, and hematemesis. Malignant lymphosarcoma develops rapidly, and the tumor can grow very large in a short period of time, so attention should be paid to this disease, and treatment should be grasped in time.

　　Gastric sarcoma, one of the malignant tumors of the stomach, has many factors causing it, and prevention should be carried out from multiple aspects of life and diet, specifically including the following aspects.

　　1. Develop good eating habits:Diet should be regular and quantitative, avoid overeating, eating too fast, or eating hot food, to avoid stimulating or damaging the gastric mucosa.

　　2. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits:Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin A, B, E, and beta-carotene; appropriately increase the intake of protein and soy products, improve nutritional status, and enhance the body's resistance. A balanced diet can improve the body's immune function and protect the gastric mucosa.

　　3. Do not drink polluted water:Contaminated water sources contain various carcinogenic metal ions, so it is necessary to use regular tap water, and people in rural areas should try to use well water.

　　4. Maintain an optimistic attitude:Many gastric cancer patients are introverted and not good at talking. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, long-term depression and melancholy lead to Qi stagnation and blood stasis, nodules, and the formation of cancer.

　　5. Avoid long-term consumption of salted food:Eat less or not at all pickled vegetables. Pickled vegetables contain a large amount of nitrites and secondary amines, which can synthesize nitrosamine compounds under the appropriate acidity of the stomach or the action of bacteria, and these compounds are strong carcinogens.

　　6. Eat less or not at all smoked and fried food:Smoked fish and smoked meat contain a large amount of carcinogens. Fried, roasted, charred food and high-temperature cooking oil used repeatedly also contain such carcinogens.

　　7. Do not eat moldy food:Food spoilage is caused by contaminated mold, some of which are toxic fungi, which are strong carcinogens. Some foods produce a large amount of nitrites and secondary amines under the action of toxic fungi, which can be synthesized into nitrosamine compounds in the stomach and cause cancer.

　　8. Ban smoking and limit alcohol intake:The smoke contains a variety of carcinogenic or promoting carcinogenic substances, which is one of the causes of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Although alcohol itself is not a carcinogen, strong alcohol can stimulate the gastric mucosa, damage the mucosal tissue, and promote the absorption of carcinogens. If alcohol is consumed while smoking, the harm is even greater. Because alcohol can enhance the permeability of the cell membrane, thereby enhancing the absorption of carcinogens in the smoke.

　　9. Actively treat precancerous lesions:People with atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric multiple adenomatous polyps, and malignant anemia must go to the hospital regularly, eliminate precancerous lesions, and prevent the occurrence of gastric cancer.

　　Gastric sarcoma is one of the malignant tumors of the stomach, and the main examination is X-ray examination. The following manifestations can be observed through X-ray examination:

　　1. Mass type:Sharp edges, irregularly elevated lesions with irregular shape, wide base, with multiple small cavity shadows and rough, tortuous mucosa on the surface, and sometimes bridging folds can be seen.

　　2, Ulcerative Type:Large cavity shadow inside, up to several tens of centimeters, with various shapes, uneven depth, sharp edges, peripheral diffuse elevation, and still extensible locally.

　　3, Infiltrative Type:Thickened wall, slightly hard, slightly narrow cavity, rough, tortuous, and disordered mucosa, with good extensibility of the gastric wall.

　　4, Polyp Nodule Type:Multiple round elevations with different sizes, transparent shadows, hemispherical in appearance when viewed from the side, clear edges, and smooth shape.

　　5, Mixed Type:The above four types coexist, and the X-ray manifestations are diverse.

　　Gastric sarcoma patients should develop good eating habits, food should be taken at regular times and in appropriate amounts, avoid overeating, eating too fast, or eating too hot food to avoid stimulating or damaging the gastric mucosa. In addition to other treatment methods, dietary therapy can also be used to improve the symptoms of the disease.

　　1, Build Stomach and Prevent Cancer Tea:Sunny side-up stem core, or sunflower disc, decocted into a decoction of 30 to 60 grams per day as tea. The sunflower stem core contains polysaccharides, proteins, mucilage, lipids, alkaloids, and other substances.

　　2, Rhododendron Stewed Stomach:30 grams of Actinidia root, 30 grams of Rhododendron, 1 stomach. Boiled and seasoned, eat the meat and drink the soup as desired.

　　3, Scallion and Fermented Soybean Paste Ginger Crucian Carp:Clean the crucian carp, add 15 grams of scallion, 15 grams of fermented soybean paste, 2 to 3 slices of ginger, and steam together. Treat loss of appetite and weight loss.

　　4, Coix Seed Porridge:Coix seed 30 grams, water caltrop 30 grams, myrobalan 3 grams, Wistaria tumor 5 grams, decocted into a decoction, take the juice to cook porridge.

　　5, Fresh Mushroom Slices:Fresh mushrooms, ribeye, chicken slices, stir-fried after adding sauce.

　　The treatment of gastric sarcoma mainly involves surgical treatment, and it is generally believed that the prognosis of gastric sarcoma is much better than that of gastric cancer. The 5-year survival rate after complete tumor resection is 25% to 50%. However, the potential for recurrence and metastasis should not be ignored, and long-term follow-up is very important for improving survival rates. The prognosis of this disease cannot be judged solely based on the microscopic findings of histopathology, but should also be comprehensively considered its biological characteristics and clinical behavior. Gastric sarcoma can recur multiple times, and in a few cases, metastasis can occur 5 to 10 years after surgery. Active surgical resection of recurrent and metastatic lesions can still achieve a relatively long survival time.