Cold and damp diarrhea

　　The occurrence of cold and damp diarrhea is related to the differences between cold, heat, deficiency, and excess. As for the specific causes, it depends on the shape of the stool and the duration of the disease, among other specific symptoms. The specific causes are described as follows.

　　1. If the stool has sticky mucus and is frequent, it is often due to damp-heat accumulation in the intestines. Stool with pus and blood, accompanied by urgent stool, frequent stool, and difficult defecation, is mostly due to damp-heat descending into the large intestine, causing dysentery.

　　2. If abdominal pain is followed by diarrhea, the diarrhea is urgent, this is due to liver Qi deficiency and spleen Qi deficiency, leading to pain diarrhea.

　　3. If the stool is watery, the onset is sudden, occurs several times a day, anal heat, yellow and short urine, or accompanied by nausea and other symptoms, this is mostly due to heat diarrhea caused by evil heat forcing the large intestine downwards.

　　4. If the stool diarrhea contains undigested food, the stool is sour and smelly, or like rotten eggs, or accompanied by vomiting, halitosis, and greasy tongue fur, this is due to indigestion, damage to the spleen and stomach, resulting in food retention diarrhea.

　　5. If the diarrhea course is long and the time is long, the stool is loose and soft, often accompanied by abdominal distension, decreased appetite, fatigue, and yellowish face, it is mostly diarrhea caused by spleen deficiency.

　　Cold and damp diarrhea is a common disease in the cold season in northern China. The light cases may die due to severe diarrhea leading to dehydration. Severe cases may die due to anorexia, fecal incontinence leading to dehydration. Cold and damp diarrhea can also lead to complications such as acute viral myocarditis, angina, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, arrhythmia, hypoglycemia, acidosis, recurrence of gastric disease, and in severe cases, coma, even sudden death.

　　Patients with Qi deficiency in cold and damp diarrhea manifest as soft and weak tongue, shuffling gait. Thin, add 10g of Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, and Atractylodes macrocephala; blood deficiency manifests as pale mucosa, emaciation, add 10g of raw Rehmannia, Chuanxiong, and Safflower; cold syndrome manifests as cold extremities, white slippery mouth color, low oral temperature, hunching back and fear of cold, even temperature drop, add Cinnamon, Amomum villosum, and Prunella; abdominal distension adds Moschus, Foeniculum vulgare, and Quercus infectoria; food retention adds Hawthorn, Malt; severe diarrhea adds Prunus mume, Plantago asiatica, and Alisma orientale; with exterior syndrome adds Bupleurum, Perilla frutescens, and Zingiber officinale.

　　The prevention of cold and damp diarrhea mainly focuses on the prevention of the cause. In daily life, attention should be paid to keeping warm and not staying up late. In addition, the following food therapy can be consumed to enhance the body's resistance and regulate the spleen and stomach. Specific as follows.

　　1. Eucommia and pork kidney stew:One pair of pork kidneys, 10 grams of Buzhizhi, 30 grams of Eguoshu, 20 grams of Dangshen. First, remove the tendons and smell glands inside the pork kidneys, cut into flowers, and cook with Buzhizhi and Eguoshu with an appropriate amount of water for 1 hour, season and take 2 to 3 times a day. Take one dose every other day, and eat for 5 to 7 doses is better.

　　2. Codonopsis and Rosa laevigata decoction:20 grams of Codonopsis pilosula, 12 grams of Rosa laevigata, 10 grams of Euryale ferox, and appropriate amount of brown sugar. Boil the above herbs to extract the juice, season with brown sugar, and take one dose per day.

　　The examination of cold and damp diarrhea includes colonoscopy, routine fecal examination, and microscopic examination of feces, and the specific examination methods are described as follows.

　　1. Colonoscopy:Colonoscopy is a method of observing colonic lesions by inserting a colonoscope through the anus and into the ileocecal region from the mucosal side.

　　2. Routine fecal examination:Routine fecal examination can understand whether there is bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection in the digestive tract, and detect enteritis, liver disease early, and can also be used as a diagnostic screening for digestive tract tumors.

　　3. Microscopic examination of feces:Microscopic examination of feces is a main content of clinical routine examination, used to check various formed elements, such as cells, parasites, crystals, bacteria, and fungi.

　　Patients with cold and damp diarrhea should have a light diet, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, and legumes. Avoid spicy food; avoid fried food; avoid food that is too bitter, cold, and raw. The specific dietary therapy and dietary precautions are described as follows.

　　First, dietary therapy for cold and damp diarrhea

　　1. Ashed rice porridge:100 grams of white glutinous rice, 20 grams of Dangshen. First, decoct Dangshen to get the juice, then add glutinous rice to cook porridge, season and eat when it is done, take one dose a day.

　　2. Yam and mutton porridge:250 grams of mutton, 500 grams of fresh yam, 500 grams of glutinous rice. First, cook the mutton and fresh yam until they are soft, then add glutinous rice, add an appropriate amount of water, cook into porridge, season, and take it in the morning and evening.

　　3. Buzhizhi stewed pork kidneys:One pair of pork kidneys, 10 grams of Buzhizhi, 30 grams of Eguoshu, 20 grams of Dangshen. First, remove the tendons and smell glands inside the pork kidneys, cut into flowers, and cook with Buzhizhi and Eguoshu with an appropriate amount of water for 1 hour, season and take 2 to 3 times a day. Take one dose every other day, and eat for 5 to 7 doses is better.

　　Second, dietary preferences for patients with cold and damp diarrhea

　　1. Diet should be light.

　　2. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes. Eat some radishes, lotus root, bitter melon, etc. appropriately.

　　3. It is advisable to eat more dried red dates, Huai山药, chestnuts, bian Dou, glutinous rice, lotus seed meat, and other foods.

　　Third, dietary taboos for patients with cold and damp diarrhea

　　1. Avoid spicy food.

　　2. Avoid smoking and drinking.

　　3. Do not eat spicy fried food.

　　4. Do not eat excessively bitter and cold food.

　　5. It is advisable to avoid eating mare's milk, Chinese water chestnuts, hair seaweed, okra, chrysanthemum brain, raw cucumber, raw melon, raw Polygonum multiflorum saponins, mint, cassia seed, and Luoyang.

　　Patients with cold and damp diarrhea should pay attention to keeping warm and not staying up late. The specific treatment methods are described as follows.

　　1. Treatment method: fragrant transformation of dampness, exterior release and cold dispersion.

　　2. Medicines: Huoxiang Zhengqi Powder. In this prescription, Huoxiang relieves the exterior and disperses cold, and fragrantly transforms dampness; Baizhu, Fuling, Chenpi, and Banxia strengthen the spleen and eliminate dampness; Houpu and Dafupi regulate Qi and relieve fullness; Zisu and Baizhi relieve the exterior and disperse cold; Jiegeng promotes lung Qi to transform dampness. If exterior evil is heavy, with body pain due to cold and heat, add Jingjie and Fangfeng, or use Jingfang Baiudu Powder; if dampness evil is heavy, or cold dampness is internal, with abdominal distension, intestinal rumbling, difficulty in urination, white and thick greasy coating, use Weiling Decoction to strengthen the spleen and dry dampness, transform Qi and benefit dampness; if cold is heavier than dampness, with abdominal distension and cold pain, use Lizi Wan with modifications.