Multiple gastrointestinal polyps syndrome

　　The etiology is unknown, and no genetic factors have been found. Some believe it may be related to the lack of a delayed-type immune response in the small intestine. Pathologically, there is a marked inflammatory reaction in the gastrointestinal tract, most prominent in the stomach and small intestine. Polyps are most common in the duodenum. The distal ileum also has many, and the diameter of the polyps can vary greatly, from a few millimeters to 3 centimeters. Most scholars believe that the polyps seen are of the juvenile type of hamartomatous polyps, and the mucosal lesions of the stomach are similar to Menetriey.

　　1. Gastrointestinal bleeding:Blood in stool is one of the main clinical manifestations of the disease, and the amount of blood in stool is also an indicator of the severity of the disease. Here, massive blood in stool refers to a large amount of intestinal bleeding in a short period of time, accompanied by an increased pulse rate, decreased blood pressure, and decreased hemoglobin.

　　2. Intestinal intussusception:It mostly presents as incomplete intestinal obstruction with intermittent abdominal pain.

　　3. Carcinoma:About 5% of cases develop into cancer, which is more common in patients with onset at a young age and a history of the disease exceeding 10 years.

　　Clinical manifestations are characterized by diarrhea, which is the most prominent symptom, accompanied by abdominal discomfort and anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea with watery stools, 5 to 7 times a day, and may include bloody stools or steatorrhea and malabsorption syndrome. Abnormalities of the ectoderm usually appear several weeks to several months before gastrointestinal symptoms,表现为指（趾）甲颜色改变，可为棕色，白色，黄色或黑色，指甲表面呈鳞状，皱状或匙状，可有萎缩变薄，裂开，松动，脱落，皮肤色素沉着，呈棕色斑，直径由几毫米至10毫米不等，神经系统症状可有肢体麻木刺痛，部分有味觉，嗅觉减退或消失，个别有癫痫样发作，甚至昏厥，另外有相当一部分病人出现吸收不良综合征，蛋白丢失性肠病，因此有营养不良，低蛋白血症，维生素缺乏以及浮肿贫血等临床症状，本病常见的并发症有消化道出血，感染，肠套叠，癌变和血栓形成等。

　　1. Poor prognosis, mortality can reach 43%, often die within 6 to 18 months after diagnosis due to systemic malnutrition, cachexia, and secondary infection. The incidence of malignant transformation of polyps is high. At present, intravenous hyperalimentation therapy is widely used, which can significantly improve the prognosis of this disease.

　　2. Do not eat too much salty and spicy food, do not eat overheated, cold, expired, and deteriorated food; develop good living habits, quit smoking and limit alcohol.

　　3. Maintain a good mental state to cope with stress, combine work and rest, do not overwork. Strengthen physical exercise and enhance physical fitness.

　　In the diagnosis, in addition to relying on the clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations are also needed. This disease

      1. Barium meal X-ray gastrointestinal contrast found multiple polyps.

　　2. Gastrointestinal endoscopy found diffuse multiple polyps.

　　Diet should be based on small meals, rich in nutrition, light and easy to digest. It is not recommended to drink alcohol or overeat cold and spicy foods. It is strictly forbidden to eat coarse and hard food and overeat.

　　Food therapy recipe:250 grams of cow stomach, 10-12 grams of stir-fried tangerine peel, 2 grams of amomum villosum. Boil these ingredients in water together, drink the soup and eat the stomach when it is cooked. It has the function of invigorating the Qi and strengthening the Spleen and Stomach, removing bloating and fullness. It is suitable for weakness of the Spleen and Stomach, fullness and distension in the chest after eating, and gastroptosis and other symptoms.

　　The above information is for reference only, please consult a doctor for details.

　　This disease has no special treatment methods, mainly focusing on symptomatic and supportive therapy, such as correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders, supplementing various nutrients, preventing and treating infections, and using anti-diarrheal and analgesic drugs, etc. There are reports suggesting that the use of corticosteroids can improve the condition, reverse the abnormality of the ectoderm, and even achieve complete remission. Surgical treatment is only used for patients with malignant transformation of polyps, concurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, intussusception, intestinal obstruction, and others who are ineffective after medical treatment.