Infantile colic

　　Although no scholars have given a definitive answer to the cause of infantile colic, it can be determined that it is related to the incomplete development of the infant's digestive tract. This immaturity is manifested in the abnormal control of ganglia by the brain. In a strict sense, the digestive tract refers to the entire continuous cavity system related to digestion and absorption from the mouth to the anus. This continuous cavity system can be divided into several segments, and the nerve control of each segment originates from different ganglia, which are then controlled by the 'command center' - the superior nerve center - the brain.

　　Mesenteric infarction is a common complication of this disease. After the symptoms of intestinal colic persist for several months or years, mesenteric infarction can occur due to severe reduction in visceral circulation. It is estimated that about 1/3 of the patients with mesenteric infarction have prodromal symptoms of intestinal colic.

　　Some small infants may suddenly cry loudly, which can last for several hours or occur intermittently. The baby's face becomes red, the mouth becomes pale, the abdomen becomes bloated and tense, the lower limbs curl up, the feet become cold, the hands are tightly clenched, and holding and breastfeeding cannot alleviate the situation. Finally, it stops with crying exhaustion, passing gas, or defecation. This phenomenon is usually called infantile intestinal colic. It is caused by the阵阵strong contraction of the smooth muscle of the infantile intestinal wall or intestinal bloating, which is the most common type of acute abdominal pain in children. It often occurs at night and mostly occurs in infants within 3 months, and is more common in infants who are easily excited, excited, and restless.

　　The following four points should be paid attention to in the prevention of intestinal colic:

　　1. Newborns and infants should not be fed too much, too fast, or too full. Breastfeeding should be scheduled because infants are prone to swallowing a large amount of air when crying for too long, which can induce intestinal spasm. The milk should not be too hot or too cold, and the complementary food should be gradually increased.

　　1. Children before and after school should have three meals a day on time and in the right amount, do not overeat; for children prone to intestinal spasm, wearing a mask in winter can prevent excessive intake of cold air when outside; do not eat ice cream and cold drinks without节制 in summer;

　　2. Children with allergic constitution should avoid contact with some substances that are easy to cause allergies, such as pollen, fish, and shrimp, etc.;

　　3. In case of intestinal spasm in children at night or away from the hospital, if it has happened before, abdominal heat application can be performed, or a little hot water or soup can be drunk. Take antispasmodic and analgesic drugs such as belladonna syrup according to medical advice or instructions. If the condition gradually develops and worsens, do not wait any longer, go to the hospital immediately to prevent delay in the disease. 5. It should be explained to the parents that intestinal colic in children generally subsides as they grow older, most of them can disappear after adolescence, and will not affect the normal growth and development of the child.

　　Laboratory examination:

　　Reduced hematocrit, hypoalbuminemia, hypocholesterolemia, and weakened immunity, etc. Partial cases undergo jejunum or colon puncture biopsy, which can find chronic ischemic manifestations, including atrophy of intestinal mucosal villi, flattening of epithelial cells, and chronic swelling, etc.

　　Other auxiliary examinations:

　　1. Selective visceral artery angiography

　　(1) Anteroposterior film of abdominal aortic angiography: the catheter is inserted through the puncture of the femoral artery to the upper part of the origin of the celiac artery. After confirming the appropriate position of the catheter with a small test dose, 30-40ml of 50% sodium diatrizoate is injected, followed by continuous rapid multiple film shooting, which can show whether there is stenosis or occlusion in one or two branches of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery.

　　(2) Inferior mesenteric artery arteriography: After celiac artery arteriography, the catheter is inserted above the origin of the superior mesenteric artery and arteriography is performed again. If the inferior mesenteric artery shows obvious expansion and elongation and is filled through collateral circulation, it indicates superior mesenteric artery occlusion.

　　(3) Lateral arteriography: For the internal arcuate ligament syndrome, lateral arteriography can show compression of the superior margin of the celiac artery and the tailward displacement of the artery, while the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries are usually shown to be normal.

　　2. Doppler Ultrasonography The proximal part of the blocked site can show high-speed jet flow or disturbed blood flow spectrum. If there is a reverse flow of hepatic artery blood, it indicates abdominal aortic occlusion or severe stenosis. In addition, the blood flow of the mesenteric vessels can also be measured. The typical blood flow of the large intestinal vessels is 500-1200ml/min, accounting for 10%-20% of cardiac output.

　　3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging There is a significant difference in the blood flow of the superior mesenteric artery between the normal population and the patients within 30 minutes after meals. At the same time, the blood flow of the superior mesenteric artery and the superior mesenteric vein is measured, and it is shown that the degree of occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery is more severe, and the blood flow ratio between the superior mesenteric artery and the superior mesenteric vein is less obvious after the meal.

　　It is advisable to eat light and eat more vegetables and fruits, such as bananas, strawberries, apples, etc. Because they are rich in nutrients, eating more can enhance immunity, such as propolis. In this way, enhance personal disease resistance. In addition, it is necessary to rationally match the diet and pay attention to adequate nutrition to meet the body's sufficient needs. Avoid smoking and drinking, spicy food, greasy food, smoking and drinking, and cold food to avoid recurrent attacks of the disease.

　　Mild cases do not require treatment. This belongs to infantile colic, which will gradually improve over time. However, for severe cases, medication is required, and Xylitol oil drops can be used. Take 10 drops each time, three times a day, directly drop into the oral cavity before feeding, and take for 2 weeks. Parents do not need to be timid. Xylitol oil will not be absorbed into the baby's body, but will only promote intestinal peristalsis in the intestines, which is beneficial for排气 and relieve abdominal pain. It will not produce side effects on the baby.