Common Peroneal Nerve Injury

　　Common causes include gunshot wounds, knife wounds, and iatrogenic injuries. The femoral nerve originates from the lumbar plexus, descends along the surface of the iliac muscle, crosses the inguinal ligament and divides into anterior and posterior branches 3-4 cm below the femoral artery. It innervates the sartorius muscle, quadriceps muscle, and cutaneous branches to the anterior thigh and the saphenous nerve to the medial side of the lower leg. Femoral nerve injury is rare and mostly due to surgical injuries, with the main clinical manifestations being paralysis of the quadriceps muscle due to knee extension difficulties and sensory disturbances in the anterior thigh and the medial side of the lower leg.

　　Femoral nerve injury can directly affect the muscle tissue it支配, causing atrophy and weakness of the quadriceps muscle, leading to difficulty in movement, such as the inability to perform actions like frog jumps. At the same time, the bone nerve can form the peroneal nerve branch downward, causing atrophy of the peroneal muscle. In addition, due to the different injuries of the lateral and lateral branches, it can cause deformities such as clubfoot and foot inversion.

　　1. Movement:If the injury is above the iliac fossa, both the iliac psoas and quadriceps muscles are paralyzed, showing the inability to flex the hip and extend the knee. If the injury is below the branch of the iliac muscle, only the inability to extend the knee is presented.

　　2. Sensation:High-level injuries are characterized by the loss of sensation in the anterior and medial aspects of the thigh and the medial side of the lower leg, while low-level injuries may be simple saphenous nerve injuries, presenting with sensory disturbances in the medial side of the lower leg.

　　3. Nutrition:The medial side of the lower leg is prone to trauma, frostbite, and scalding.

　　This disease is caused by direct trauma to the femur, such as kicks, falls, and direct violence injury. Therefore, attention should be paid to living habits, and high-risk workers, such as construction workers and miners, are prone to injury, and they should protect themselves during work. Remain calm when faced with issues to avoid emotional excitement and conflicts leading to the disease. Moreover, early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are also of great significance in preventing the disease.

　　Electrophysiological examination:The conduction velocity of the affected common peroneal nerve slows down, the amplitude decreases, and the latency of F wave or H reflex is prolonged; SEP latency is prolonged, amplitude decreases, and inter-wave interval is prolonged; electromyographic examination of the muscles innervated by the common peroneal nerve is mostly denervated potentials, while the contralateral side is normal.

　　What foods are good for common peroneal nerve injury:

　　1. Eat foods rich in choline and vitamin B12, such as soy products, eggs, peanuts, walnuts, fish, meat, oatmeal, millet, kelp, red tofu, stinky tofu, Chinese cabbage, and radish, etc.

　　2. Eat more oatmeal. This article is from Healthy Central Plains

　　3. Drink more water, eat more fruits and vegetables. Eat more fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, grains, and other beneficial foods.

　　4. Light and nutritious food, such as Osmanthus and Jujube Soup, lean meat, eggs, fish, etc., because such patients often have insufficient Yin and blood; for those who are overweight, it is advisable to have light diet, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, such as celery, sprouts, cucumber, banana, orange, etc.

　　(The above information is for reference only, please consult a doctor for details.)

　　I. Treatment

　　Open injuries of the common peroneal nerve often accompany injuries to the iliac and femoral vessels, and emergency treatment should be noted. While repairing the vessels, the nerve should be repaired in one stage or two stages according to the condition of the injury.

　　When exposing the common peroneal nerve, the patient is in a supine position, and the ipsilateral hip is slightly elevated. The surgical steps are as follows.

　　1. Incision:Make a parallel incision 4 cm above and inward from the superior aspect of the iliac spine, reaching the midpoint of the inguinal ligament, turn downward and continue straight down.

　　2. Exposure of the nerve:Incise the abdominal skin and the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle, cut the internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles, push the peritoneum and abdominal contents towards the midline, and incise the iliac fascia to expose the common peroneal nerve. Downward, it can continue to trace to the inguinal ligament, and the ligament may be cut if necessary. Continue to separate towards the distal end, and the branches of the common peroneal nerve can be exposed.

　　II. Prognosis

　　For complete transverse injury or slight partial injury, the functional recovery after surgery is completely different.