Vaginal leukoplakia

　　1, Vulvar infection, inflammation, vulvar ulceration, vulvar abscess:This is the main cause of vulvar leukoplakia, accounting for about 50% of the patients. There are many factors that can cause vulvar infection and inflammation, such as poor hygiene habits, wearing synthetic underwear, unclean sanitary products, bathing in hot springs, etc., leading to vaginal inflammation. If it is not treated in time, the inflammatory secretion will infiltrate into the perineum, causing long-term infection and stimulation, which will damage the skin and mucosa, causing redness, ulcers, and changes, which will gradually develop into vulvar leukoplakia.

　　2, Endocrine disorders:Endocrine disorders are caused by pathological changes in endocrine glands and tissues, or by endocrine disorders due to heredity, enzyme defects, and immune function reasons.

　　3, Genetic factors:About 10-30% of vulvar leukoplakia patients are caused by heredity. Vulvar leukoplakia caused by heredity is mainly of atrophic type, and the patients are mainly young girls. In clinical practice, attention should first be paid to the hereditary factors for patients under 15 years old, and inquire whether there are patients with vulvar leukoplakia in their parents' family.

　　4, Other diseases:If a patient has diabetes, vitiligo, vulvar eczema, vulvar itching, and other conditions, and if medication is used improperly or treatment is not appropriate, it may also lead to or worsen the formation and development of leukoplakia.

　　1. Vulvar leukoplakia may appear with itching at the initial stage: It can be easily cured in 2-3 days. The main symptoms are severe vulvar itching, which is more severe at night. It often causes redness and ulceration due to scratching, and may have symptoms such as burning and tingling.

　　2. Initial appearance of vulvar leukoplakia: The treatment of vulvar leukoplakia at this stage only requires 3-5 days. The symptoms at this stage are: the vulvar skin shows localized hyperkeratosis and mild hypopigmentation, forming spots or small white papule-like, with a hoary white change on the surface.

　　3. Hyperplasia and ulceration: Persistent treatment for 5-7 days can lead to recovery. The main symptoms are severe hyperkeratosis of the skin, repeated shedding of the keratin layer, or redness, swelling, fissures, ulcers, and erosions caused by scratching.

　　4. Atrophy and adhesion: The labia minora and labia majora atrophy and disappear, the clitoris becomes smaller or adheres. The urethral orifice and vaginal orifice atrophy, and in severe cases, there may be incontinence of urine and difficulties in sexual life.

　　5. Vulvar cancer: There is no cure, and it is impossible to reverse the situation. After the vulvar leukoplakia becomes cancerous, the vulvar skin becomes severely ulcerated, loses elasticity, and the cure rate tends to be zero. After surgical resection, it is easy to recur.

　　1. Vulvar leukoplakia often accompanies itching, even severe itching, which is usually a sign of progressive lichen sclerosis. Pain can also occur, especially when cracks appear.

　　2. Lesions can occur on other parts of the vulva except the vestibule and urethral orifice, most commonly on the clitoris, the inner side of the labia minora and labia majora. Fissures and ulcers are signs of poor prognosis. The expansion of the lesion area can cause narrowing of the vaginal orifice, but the labia minora does not atrophy.

　　3. The characteristics of the lesions are basically the same as those of leukoplakia of the oral mucosa. In the early stage, they are mostly solitary, irregular white spots, with loss of elasticity and luster. They can expand and merge together. Due to the infiltration of vaginal secretions, they often become thickened. Some may initially feel itching and later develop into leukoplakia. In the late stage, they show surface keratinization, roughness, hardening, pearl-like proliferation or atrophy, severe itching, often secondary redness and swelling, fissures, and ulcers due to scratching.

　　4. In cases where the late skin lesions expand and harden, there is a possibility of secondary malignancy. This disease can also occur concurrently with vulvar atrophy syndrome.

　　5. Vulvar leukoplakia is a dynamic process. The skin lesions in different areas of the same patient show different characteristics and manifestations. Especially for patients with vulvar inflammation and secondary lichenoid changes, the course of the disease cannot be predicted. Some cases show rapid and extensive spread of lesions, while others may remain unchanged for several years.

　　1. How to prevent vulvar leukoplakia

　　Vulvar leukoplakia can also cause great harm to the physical and mental health of women, so it is necessary to have a correct understanding of vulvar leukoplakia and receive timely and targeted treatment. Treatment requires systemic treatment and regular follow-up, with attention to the tendency of malignancy. In daily life, pay attention to the cleanliness of the vulva. If there is fungal vaginitis, trichomoniasis, excessive leukorrhea, or other vulvar inflammatory diseases, appropriate treatment should be given.

　　2. Prognosis

　　The course of the disease cannot be predicted, some cases show rapid and extensive spread of lesions, while others may remain unchanged for several years.

　　What laboratory tests are needed for vaginal leukoplakia

　　Dietary taboos for vaginal leukoplakia patients

　　First, dietary therapy for vaginal leukoplakia

　　1. Amaranth and fresh water spinach soup

　　Formula: 30g amaranth, 30g fresh water spinach.

　　Preparation: Boil the two ingredients in water, and take the juice.

　　Effect: Clear heat and remove dampness, cool blood and detoxify.

　　Usage: Take it internally, once a day.

　　2. Kelp and mung bean porridge

　　Ingredients: 30g kelp, 30g mung bean, appropriate amount of sugar, 100g glutinous rice.

　　Preparation method: First, wash the kelp and cut it into pieces, soak the mung bean for half a day, wash the glutinous rice clean, and cook it into porridge. Add sugar to taste when it is about to be done.

　　Usage: Take it twice a day, preferably for 7 to 10 consecutive days.

　　Effect: Clear heat and detoxify, promote diuresis and expel heat. It is suitable for vaginal itching.

　　3. Job's tears and red date porridge

　　Preparation method: Wash and cook them together as porridge for consumption.

      Effect: It has the effect of clearing heat, invigorating the spleen and stopping itching.

　　4. He Shou Wu mulberry sesame porridge

　　Ingredients: 30g He Shou Wu, 10g mulberry fruit, 10g black sesame, 50g rice.

　　Preparation method: Wash and cook them together as porridge for consumption.

      Effect: It has the effect of nourishing blood, moistening the yin and stopping itching.

　　5. Steamed pork liver

　　Ingredients: 60g pork liver, 30g mare's tail.

　　Preparation method: Cut the pork liver and mare's tail into small pieces, mix well, put them in a covered bowl, and steam for 30 minutes in the steamer.

      Effect: Take it all at once. It has the effect of clearing heat and removing dampness.

　　6. Crucian carp and adzuki bean soup

　　Composition: 1 crucian carp, 60g adzuki bean.

　　Usage: Remove the head, tail, and bones of the crucian carp, and cook the meat with adzuki bean until the bean is soft. Take it in two doses.

　　Indications: Used for excessive leukorrhea, damp heat and toxicity.

　　Second, what foods are good for vaginal leukoplakia

　　1. Eat more blood-activating foods. Hawthorn can help digestion and also has a blood-activating effect.

　　2. Maintain a light diet and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.

　　5. Eat more cooling foods such as mung bean and Job's tears for cooling and detoxifying.

　　4. Edible vegetables for itchy vaginal leukoplakia include: amaranth, cabbage, turnip, taro, kelp, purple seaweed, chicken blood, snake meat, pangolin.

　　5. Eat more foods that enhance the immune system: turtle, tortoise, sea turtle, sandworm, crucian carp, shark, water snake, shrimp, white flower snake, crucian carp, mulberry, fig, lychee, walnut, loquat, luffa, okra, soy sauce, olive, almond, luffa.

　　6. Edible herbs for infection and ulcer include: shepherd's purse, snails, needlefish, loach, mullet, chrysanthemum flower, rapeseed, taro, mung bean, adzuki bean, malan tou.

　　Three, it is best not to eat certain foods for vaginal leukoplakia

　　1. Avoid animal protein foods.

　　1. Avoid foods that cause itching and inflammation in the female genital area. Such as fish, shrimp, crabs, chicken heads, pork heads, goose meat, chicken wings, chicken feet, etc.

　　2. Avoid stimulants such as coffee.

　　3. Avoid spicy and刺激性 foods such as scallions, garlic, ginger, cinnamon, etc.

　　4. Avoid moldy and pickled foods.

　　5. Avoid eating fried and greasy foods. Such as fried dough sticks, butter, butter, chocolate, etc., these foods have the effect of promoting dampness and increasing heat, which will increase the secretion of leukorrhea and is not conducive to the treatment of the disease.

　　1. General Medication Treatment (Topical Ointments, Hormones, Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment):Medication therapy is the method usually adopted by patients with mild leukoplakia of the vulva. This treatment has a certain effect in the short term, but it only treats the symptoms, not the root cause. Once the medication is stopped, it will recur, causing dependence on the medication and it is difficult to get a fundamental cure.

　　2. Surgical Resection:Surgical resection therapy can stop vulvar cancer in a short period of time, but according to statistics, the recurrence rate after surgery is as high as 80% or more, and it also causes trauma and has a significant impact on sexual life. Therefore, it is not recommended to use surgical resection therapy at present.

　　3. Oral Medication Treatment:Leukoplakia of the vulva in women is mostly caused by obstacles in the nutritional pathways around the vulva, leading to vulvar malnutrition. Therefore, the effect of oral medication is somewhat limited. Once the medication is taken, it must pass through a series of mazes, from the stomach-intestine-intestinal wall into the blood-liver-to all parts of the body. The medication must resist the erosion of digestive juices, or cross membrane barriers, or must avoid the amylase that breaks the medication into useless fragments. Therefore, the efficacy of the medication is minimal. Moreover, if long-term oral medication is taken, it will exacerbate gastrointestinal irritation, but it cannot cure the disease, so it is not recommended to use this method.

　　4. Physical Therapy (Cryotherapy, Electrocautery, Laser Therapy):Cryotherapy is a local treatment using liquid nitrogen or liquid oxygen, which destroys the local pathological tissue. After treatment, the patient often develops blisters at the site of the lesion. This treatment has good short-term efficacy, but the recurrence rate is relatively high, and the patient may also experience shock due to cold allergy. The method of using electrocautery to treat leukoplakia of the vulva is currently not many cases, and the requirements for postoperative infection prevention and treatment are high.