Cervical erosion

　　1. The cervix is an important part of the female reproductive system, closely related to women's life and childbirth. The columnar epithelium of the cervical canal has low resistance, so the cervix is prone to invasion by pathogens and inflammation.

　　2. Frequent sexual life, the cause of cervical erosion also includes strong sexual intensity. Sexual intensity should not be too great, 2-3 times a week is recommended.

　　3. Due to the introduction of pathogens into the vagina during sexual intercourse without attention to hygiene, causing infection by various pathogens such as human papillomavirus, chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus, trichomonas, gonococcus, etc.;

　　4. Due to injury from surgical procedures or mechanical stimulation;

　　5. Due to abortion, delivery, or puerperal infection;

　　6. Due to physical or chemical factors;

　　7. Many married women suffer from this disease, which is related to various factors such as the frequency of sexual life, the use of contraceptives, and the use of condoms. However, unmarried women also account for a certain proportion, which is related to multiple induced abortions.

　　1. Infertility:Cervical erosion can cause infertility, especially in moderate to severe cases of cervical erosion, when the cervical secretions will increase significantly, become thick, and contain a large number of leukocytes, which will have an adverse effect on the motility of sperm, hindering the entry of sperm into the uterine cavity and affecting fertility. Cervical erosion is also a cause of miscarriage. Cervical erosion can change the tissue, decrease elasticity, and make labor not go smoothly. Severe cervical inflammation can also affect sexual life.

　　2. Inflammation of Other Organs:The pathogens of cervical erosion can ascend to cause endometritis; they can spread through para-cervical ligaments and lymphatic vessels to cause chronic pelvic inflammatory disease; when the inflammation affects the bladder trigone area, it can cause urinary system diseases and appear symptoms such as dysuria, frequent urination, or difficulty in urination.

　　3. Deeper Lesions:Due to long-term stimulation by chronic inflammation, it can cause more serious complications such as polyps, tears, inversion, and cysts.

　　4. Cervical Cancer:Cervical erosion often occurs with HPV infection, which is one of the suspicious signals for cervical cancer. This development process generally takes 5-10 years. According to the analysis of gynecological experts, the incidence of cervical cancer in women with cervical erosion is nearly ten times higher than that in the general population. Under the stimulation of long-term chronic inflammation, the columnar epithelium growing from the cervical canal may undergo atypical hyperplasia. If it does not receive timely and proper treatment, it will gradually develop into precancerous lesions of cervical cancer. Relevant cancer screening data show that the incidence of cervical cancer in women without erosion is 0.39%, while in women with cervical erosion, it is 2.05%.

　　Symptoms include menstrual irregularity, vulvar itching, sexual intercourse bleeding, increased leukorrhea, stickiness, and odor, often showing purulent characteristics. It may be accompanied by lower abdominal and lumbar sacral pain and bladder irritation symptoms. Patients with severe erosion may have varying degrees of purulent and bloody discharge, and typical cases may show bloody secretion after sexual intercourse.

　　The main symptoms are three degrees of different degrees:

　　1. Mild erosion:Mild cervical erosion is characterized by an erosion area less than 1/3 of the entire cervical area. Symptoms are merely increased leukorrhea, yellowish color, and changes in quality, quantity, and color of leukorrhea due to different pathogens.

　　2. Moderate erosion:Moderate cervical erosion is characterized by erosion area accounting for 1/3 to 2/3 of the cervical area. Symptoms include increased leukorrhea, yellowish color, sticky texture, odor, and inflammatory leukorrhea that can cause itching of the vulva.

　　3. Severe erosion:Severe cervical erosion is characterized by erosion area accounting for more than 2/3 of the entire cervical area. There may be increased leukorrhea, yellowish color, sticky texture, odor, and inflammatory leukorrhea that can cause itching of the vulva over a long period of time.

　　Other symptoms include urinary tract symptoms. Once cervical erosion spreads to the bladder trigone or around the bladder, there may be symptoms of frequent urination and difficulty in urination.

　　The following should be noted to prevent cervical erosion:

　　(1) Maintain a cheerful spirit, regular life, and enhance the body's ability to resist diseases;

　　(2) Diet should be light and rich in fruits, vegetables, eggs, meats, and dairy products, etc., which are high in protein, and avoid spicy and irritating foods;

　　(3) Pay attention to the local hygiene of the vulva, especially for women in the menstrual period and postpartum period, do not frequently or blindly use various lavages, avoid destroying the normal vaginal environment, do not use sanitary napkins for a long time, and do not sit for a long time without moving;

　　(4) Pay attention to sexual hygiene, maintain regular and moderate sexual life, strictly avoid sexual life during menstruation, and杜绝 extramarital sexual behavior;

　　(5) Take timely contraceptive measures during sexual life to effectively reduce the incidence of induced abortion and induce labor, and reduce the chance of artificial injury and bacterial infection of the cervix;

　　(6) Avoid instrumental injury to the cervix during childbirth. If the difficulty of childbirth is great, cesarean section can be chosen as a method of childbirth; if cervical laceration is found after childbirth, it should be sutured promptly; for patients with abnormally short menstrual cycles or prolonged menstrual periods, active treatment should be carried out; regular gynecological examinations should be conducted to detect cervical inflammation in a timely manner and receive treatment as soon as possible.

　　(7) Good contraception and fertility control should be practiced to avoid the pain and trauma of abortion and curettage. Cervical lacerations caused by childbirth should be sutured promptly. This is also a common method to prevent cervical erosion.

　　Cervical erosion patients should undergo the following examinations:

　　1. The focus of gynecological examination is the size, shape, texture, and thickness of the cervical canal, whether there is contact bleeding, and then check the condition of the external genitalia, vagina, uterus, and parauterine tissues (ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic lymph nodes, etc.).

　　2. Cervical scraping cytology examination is a routine gynecological examination, simple and easy to perform, economical and effective, and is the most important auxiliary examination and the first choice for cancer screening in cancer screening.

　　3. Colposcopy can quickly detect invisible lesions, and taking a biopsy from the suspicious area during colposcopy can significantly improve the accuracy of the biopsy.

　　4. Iodine test and visual observation methods are very simple and inexpensive, at least 2/3 of the lesions can be detected. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of visual observation in developing countries. As a preliminary screening method for cervical cancer, 3%-5% acetic acid solution is applied to the cervix. Observe the reaction of the cervical epithelium to acetic acid, and then take a biopsy from the white lesion area.

　　5. Pathological examination of cervical living tissue is the basis for diagnosing cervical cancer.

　　Surgical Methods:Surgical treatment is suitable for patients with severe cervical erosion, and the LEEP knife is the commonly used surgical treatment method today.

　　After surgery, there may be: ① Increased vaginal discharge, even large amounts of watery discharge, with slight bleeding during the 1-2 weeks of eschar shedding after surgery; ② Possible postoperative bleeding, cervical canal stenosis, infertility, and infection. Regular follow-up is required to check for cervical canal stenosis and other deficiencies.

　　Drug Therapy:Can take Azithromycin, Metronidazole tablets, Kangfu Yan capsules, Compound Fufeng Effervescent Tablets, and avoid sexual activity during treatment. Re-examination is recommended after one month.

　　Suitable for patients with small erosion area, shallow inflammation infiltration, or limited by conditions. Local application of 25% silver nitrate, chromic acid, and other local corrosive agents is recommended. Vaginal lavage is recommended before medication, followed by drying with a cotton ball and protecting the normal vaginal mucosa with a cotton ball. Medications can also be used locally with Aibao Liao (preferably administered by a doctor) or self-administered vaginal suppositories. Drug therapy is mainly suitable for light to moderate cervical erosion patients who are not pregnant. Many traditional Chinese medicine powders also have certain efficacy, but they are prohibited during the menstrual period and pregnancy.

　　Other Treatments:Physical therapy is mainly suitable for patients with large erosion area and deep inflammation infiltration. Common methods include laser therapy, cryotherapy, microwave therapy, and electrocautery, etc.