Phimosis

　　What are the causes of phimosis in males? People are not unfamiliar with phimosis, which is a common congenital malformation disease. After the normal development of males during puberty, most of the glans is exposed. If the glans cannot be exposed and the foreskin still wraps the glans, but the foreskin can be flipped up by hand or exposed after erection, this is phimosis.

　　Generally, the foreskin of male infants is long when they are born, but after 7 years old, the foreskin will gradually retract backward, exposing the urethral opening and glans. The phimosis of infants is often physiological. If the glans cannot be exposed after puberty, it can be called phimosis or phimosis. As part of the male external genitalia, the foreskin has important physiological functions. If phimosis occurs, it will affect this function. So, what are the causes of phimosis in males? The following experts introduce the causes of phimosis:

　　1. Postnatal inflammatory adhesion or balanoposthitis of the foreskin.

　　2. The lack of upward reproductive energy in the male penis leads to phimosis.

　　3. Congenital adhesion of the glans penis and prepuce.

　　4. The penis of males is disturbed by bacteria, causing contraction and tension, leading to phimosis.

　　5. Hematoma, fibrosis adhesion, or burn scars, etc., in the injury of the prepuce, causing the prepuce to be unable to be inverted, and the glans penis to be unable to be exposed.

　　6. The foreskin of males lacks elasticity, and the foreskin orifice is narrow, which leads to the phenomenon of overlong foreskin.

　　Experts say that overlong foreskin directly affects the quality and function of male sexual life and can also cause the penis to develop normally. After adulthood, the circumference of the glans penis crown is smaller, which seriously affects the pleasure of sexual life and leads to early ejaculation, causing premature ejaculation. Therefore, men must go to regular hospitals for treatment in a timely manner.

　　Normal males after puberty, the glans penis is fully or mostly exposed. If the glans penis cannot be exposed, and the foreskin still covers the entire or most of the glans penis, but the foreskin can be inverted by hand or exposed after erection, it is called overlong foreskin. Patients with overlong foreskin should receive early surgical treatment. For overlong foreskin without inflammation, as long as the foreskin is frequently inverted and cleaned, surgery may not be necessary. It is especially important to pay attention to the hazards of overlong foreskin, and the following will introduce what the hazards of overlong foreskin are.

　　1. Foreskin inflammation

　　The foreskin itself has secretions with bactericidal components, but due to the moist and warm environment of the foreskin cavity, bacteria can more easily reproduce here. If the growth of bacteria exceeds the self-cleaning function of the foreskin, inflammation of the foreskin may occur. The inner plate of the foreskin has many secretory glands, whose secretions can act as lubricants. The accumulation of secretions and the inability to be cleaned and cleared normally also promotes bacterial growth, causing foreskin inflammation.

　　2. Influence on penis development

　　It affects the growth and development of the penis. During puberty, due to the glans penis being tightly covered by the foreskin, it does not receive adequate external stimulation, which greatly restricts the development of the glans penis. This leads to a significantly smaller circumference of the glans penis after the sexual organs mature, affecting sexual pleasure. Adults may be affected by overlong foreskin or phimosis, affecting normal sexual life. Especially for men with a narrow foreskin aperture, the foreskin cannot be restored after inversion, and the foreskin is firmly caught in the coronal sulcus, causing a strangulated phimosis, which is very painful. In severe cases, the glans penis may swell due to poor blood flow, and even necrosis of the glans penis may occur.

　　3. Penis inflammation

　　The foreskin contains abundant sebaceous glands, which can secrete a large amount of sebum. When phimosis or overlong foreskin occurs, the secretion of the sebaceous glands under the foreskin cannot be discharged, and the sebum and sediment in urine synthesize a cheesy, foul-smelling substance called 'foreskin垢'. Foreskin垢 is conducive to bacterial growth, so it can cause inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin. Bacteria can also cause urinary tract infections through the urethra. Inflammation at the urethral orifice can lead to narrowing of the orifice after healing, causing difficulty in urination.

　　4. Cancerous transformation

　　Overlong foreskin and phimosis may have the potential to cause penile cancer. Foreskin垢 is a carcinogen, and 85%-95% of patients with penile cancer are phimosis or overlong foreskin.

　　5. Premature ejaculation

　　The phenomenon of overlong foreskin can easily lead to premature ejaculation. Due to the excessive sensitivity of the glans penis caused by the overlong foreskin, it is easy to ejaculate during sexual activity. If this continues for a long time, it will lead to premature ejaculation, affecting the male's sexual life and causing great psychological pressure.

　　Reminders:Prevention of phimosis can start from the age of 2. Parents should wash the phimosis of children once a week, paying attention to gently flip the prepuce upwards before washing. As children grow up, their physical development will become more mature, and the opening of the prepuce will gradually expand. Generally, by the age of 24, male physical development is basically mature.

　　Many adult men still cover the glans with the prepuce after adulthood, which is the phenomenon of phimosis. Phimosis can be divided into true phimosis and false phimosis. True phimosis is that the glans cannot be fully exposed even after the penis is erect. False phimosis refers to the fact that the glans cannot be fully exposed during normal times, but it can be fully exposed after the penis is erect. Many men are not aware of the symptoms of phimosis, and the following is a detailed introduction to the symptoms of phimosis.

　　1. The prepuce completely or mostly covers the head of the male reproductive organ.

　　2. Urination always appears as dribbling, and urine is not easy to be fully expelled.

　　3. The prepuce completely covers the head of the reproductive organ and cannot be flipped to the corona of the reproductive organ.

　　4. Although the prepuce of men can be flipped to expose the glans, the prepuce opening is very small, and flipping is difficult.

　　5. The prepuce swells during urination,呈球状, and urination is difficult.

　　6. Frequent occurrence of prepuce inflammation and reproductive system inflammation.

　　7. The prepuce opening is very tight, and the prepuce can be flipped to the corona with force, but it cannot recover naturally and needs external force to recover.

　　8. Boys who cannot flip the prepuce to the corona of the glans after the age of 3.

　　Reminders:Patients with phimosis should clean the glans penis with warm water every day, remove smegma in time, and keep the area around the corona of the glans clean. Try to flip the prepuce up during urination to expose the urethral opening, avoiding residual urine and infection. The range of sexual activity should not be too intense to avoid injury or tearing of the prepuce.

　　Phimosis is a common male reproductive organ disease. Although it is not a serious illness, a small operation can solve it. However, due to the privacy of the reproductive part, many male patients are ashamed to seek treatment, leading to the aggravation of the condition, which brings obstacles to the patient's sexual and reproductive functions, and has a great impact on the patient's physical and mental health and happy family life. The following is about the preventive health care methods for phimosis.

　　1. Daily basic health care

　　Popularize health knowledge, educate children and adolescents not to play with the penis at will, and newlyweds should study relevant knowledge before marriage. Patients with phimosis or phimosis should consider circumcision. In case of incised phimosis, immediate manual reduction should be performed, and if manual reduction fails, timely surgical reduction should be adopted to prevent necrosis.

　　2. Diet health care

　　There are no special health care requirements for diet before the circumcision. Within one week after the circumcision, attention should be paid to nutrition, and more meat, fish, and eggs should be eaten to help the incision grow.

　　3. Daily care and health preservation

　　If a circumcision is performed, the penis should be cleaned with warm water or a potassium permanganate solution at a concentration of 1:5000 for 3 days before the operation. After the operation, in addition to paying attention to the above medication to prevent the penis from becoming erect and bleeding or becoming inflamed, attention should also be paid to the dryness of the bandage. In case it gets wet with urine, it should be changed immediately. Generally, the suture is removed 5-7 days after the operation. If circumcision is not performed, pay attention to the local cleanliness and hygiene of the penis. Frequent washing is necessary. If the prepuce cannot be flipped up, do not force it. If it can be flipped up, after washing, the prepuce should be returned to its original position to avoid phimosis.

　　4. Maintain personal hygiene

　　Wash the glans penis with warm water every day to remove smegma in time and keep the coronal sulcus clean. When taking a bath, the prepuce should be flipped back and the smegma should be cleared. The prepuce and glans should also be gently rinsed with clean water.

　　5. Standardized urination action

　　Try to flip the prepuce up during urination to expose the urethral opening, avoiding urine residue and infection.

　　6. Healthy sexual life

　　The sexual movement should not be too intense to avoid injury or tearing of the prepuce.

　　7. Avoid vigorous exercise

　　Due to the potential damage to the prepuce and glans from vigorous exercise, high-intensity exercise should be avoided, and some leisurely sports should be chosen instead.

　　Reminders:Circumcision may affect the ejaculation function due to the possible damage to the terminal fibers of the dorsal penile nerve, which may increase the threshold for ejaculation. In addition, the exposure of the glans penis also has a similar effect. Patients should choose a regular hospital to ensure professional and safe preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care to avoid affecting the erectile function of the penis.

　　Many men have phimosis in their lives. Phimosis is a common male reproductive organ deformity, and the dangers of phimosis are familiar to many men. Therefore, once diagnosed, effective treatment is necessary. So, what are the examinations for phimosis? Experts introduce that phimosis has always been one of the major reasons困扰ing men, and due to the accelerated pace of life now, many men often neglect this disease. Often, this is the reason why men have some other complications, causing great harm to men. For this phenomenon, it is recommended that male patients go to the hospital for treatment in a timely manner to avoid delaying the best treatment time. At the same time, patients should do some checks before treatment. The following is the examination method for phimosis:

　　1. Physical examination

　　The doctor should conduct a systematic examination of the male external genitalia, testicles, penis, and other parts to determine if the patient has penile deformity.

　　2. Routine examination of urethral secretion

　　Check for urinary tract infection in phimosis patients. If the patient has a urinary tract infection, the circumcision cannot be performed until the infection is cured.

　　3. Routine examination of prostatic fluid

　　The examination of the phimosis patient requires a check of the prostatic fluid to see if the patient has prostatitis or other prostatic diseases. Early detection is necessary to identify diseases that cannot be treated with a circumcision.

　　4. Urological color Doppler examination

　　Examine the prostate, kidneys, bladder, and ureters for any abnormalities.

　　5. Semen routine examination

　　The examination of long foreskin also needs to check for the presence of symptoms of male infertility such as dead sperm, weak sperm, oligospermia, and sperm liquefaction, to exclude the impact on foreskin surgery.

　　6. Urinalysis

　　It has a screening and predictive effect on diseases such as urinary tract infection, calculus, bile duct obstruction, acute and chronic nephritis, diabetes, renal lesion symptom complex, and can help to discover diseases that cannot be treated with foreskin surgery in a timely manner.

　　Long foreskin is a common male reproductive system disease. Men of all ages may be affected, causing many physical and psychological impacts on patients. If not treated in a timely manner, it may also cause the sexual partner to be infected with gynecological diseases. Therefore, patients with long foreskin should receive timely surgical treatment. Paying attention to diet after surgery is very important, which can reduce male reproductive organ erections and reduce infections, and help to recover early. The following is an introduction to the diet and health care after the surgery for patients with long foreskin:

　　1. You can eat foods that promote wound healing.

　　Some foods such as pork feet, milk, honey, bitter melon, tomatoes, kelp, oranges, etc., can promote wound healing.

　　2. You can drink tea made with lotus seed core.

　　Fruits growing in water are generally more yin, which can calm the mind, clear heat, and reduce sexual excitement. It can temporarily reduce desire.

　　3. Do not eat spicy foods.

　　Pay attention to hygiene and avoid inflammation of the wound due to刺激性 substances.

　　4. Do not eat easily infectious foods.

　　Fermented bean curd, scallions, chili, chives, etc., are prone to infection and are not conducive to wound healing.

　　5. Do not drink alcohol.

　　For those who like to drink, be careful. During the recovery period after surgery, you must resist the temptation of alcohol. Alcohol can dilate blood vessels, and after drinking, it may cause the penis to become erect, which could lead to the rupture of the foreskin surgery wound, bleeding, and severe pain at the wound site. If you really cannot refuse due to business, drink less and drink more milk after drinking to neutralize the effect of alcohol.

　　6. Eat more fruits and vegetables.

　　The diet after foreskin surgery should be light. It is also recommended to drink about 2 liters of water a day, and drinking water should also be done methodically. Drink more water during the day and less at night; otherwise, it will be very torturous to get up at night to urinate. You can also drink some cool and heat-reducing herbal tea, which can suppress sexual desire, reduce desire, and be beneficial to the healing of the wound.

　　7. Avoid eating刺激性 foods.

　　As long as there is no infection after the foreskin surgery, it usually takes about seven to ten days for the wound to heal. However, the wound needs about a month to completely heal and withstand external forces such as sexual activity, but general physical exercise will not pose a threat.

　　8. It is best not to eat hotpot and chili.

　　It is also not recommended to eat pungent foods such as beef, mutton, and seafood products. Seafood and spicy foods are highly刺激性. If consumed in large quantities, the wounds from the recent surgery may be continuously stimulated, which could lead to inflammation and pain for the patient.

　　Reminders:After the foreskin surgery, it is advisable to reduce sexual activity temporarily. If the glans is exposed after the foreskin surgery and rubs against the underwear, there may be some discomfort. It is also normal to have dryness and peeling due to the lack of secretion.

　　Experts say that if smegma is not cleaned thoroughly for a long time, it can stimulate the foreskin and glans, which can eventually lead to other diseases, such as balanoposthitis, phimosis calculi, leukoplakia formed by the discoloration of the foreskin, causing premature ejaculation and penile cancer, long-term inflammation locally, immune dysfunction, and it is more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea and condyloma acuminatum through unclean sexual life, so men with phimosis or paraphimosis should go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.

　　At the same time, phimosis can lead to the occurrence of many urological diseases, the most common being premature ejaculation. Due to the lack of effective treatment for phimosis and paraphimosis, many couples may feel unhappy, which is likely to cause emotional crises and even divorce, bringing great losses to the family and society. If phimosis is not treated in time and leads to inflammation of the penis, causing difficulty in urination, and over time, causing kidney damage and kidney diseases, and even the risk of related cancers, it is very necessary to treat phimosis. The following is an introduction to the treatment methods for phimosis:

　　1. Surgical treatment

　　The most effective way to improve phimosis and paraphimosis at present is surgery. Common surgical methods include laser, microwave, and circumcision ring.

　　2. Traditional surgery (laser, microwave)

　　Patients experience more pain during the operation and need to take oral or intravenous antibiotics after surgery, and the surgery needs to be sutured, leaving scars. The cost is higher.

　　3. Circumcision with a circumcision ring

　　Circumcision using a ring cutter is less painful than traditional surgery, and antibiotics may not be needed or may be administered intravenously according to individual differences, and it does not require suturing (Korean ring needs to be wired). There are no scars after surgery. The cost is lower.

　　Reminders:Do not eat spicy foods such as chili within two weeks after circumcision, and do not eat things that are easy to cause flatulence such as chicken, duck, beef, mutton, and seafood. There will be slight pain and swelling at the incision after circumcision, and you should take medication regularly. Usually, the symptoms can subside after three days, and the wound can heal in seven to ten days. Before the wound heals, you should follow the doctor's instructions and go for regular follow-up checks. The patient can resume sexual life after one month.