Specific renal parenchymal disease

　　The etiology is not yet clear. Specific renal parenchymal diseases include acute tubular necrosis and acute cortical necrosis. The latter is caused by intravascular coagulation within the kidney, which can lead to anuria and poor prognosis.

　　Specific renal parenchymal diseases complicated with sepsis or dehydration, urinary tract obstruction, solitary kidney, and other diseases are harmful to patients' health and have a significant impact on their lives. Therefore, it is necessary to seek timely treatment as soon as the symptoms are found.

　　The clinical manifestations of specific renal parenchymal diseases include: patients usually have a history of sore throat or upper respiratory tract infection, have used antibiotics or other nephrotoxic drugs, and occasionally may have bilateral flank pain, even severe pain, and may have gross hematuria.

　　How to prevent specific renal parenchymal diseases? Briefly described as follows:

　　1, Physical exercise, prevent colds

　　Physical exercise and preventing colds are the primary measures for preventing and treating kidney disease.

　　2, Regular examination, early treatment

　　Middle-aged people should have timely examinations if they have symptoms such as lumbago, edema, fatigue, hematuria, etc., in order to prevent and treat kidney disease in time. In addition, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, may cause kidney damage, these patients should regularly check urine routine and renal function.

　　3, Rational diet, rational medication

　　Pay attention to the effects of medication on the kidneys, and strictly follow the doctor's advice. Do not take medication arbitrarily.

　　What examinations should be done for specific renal parenchymal disease? Briefly described as follows:

　　First, laboratory examination

　　1, Urine examination. Under the microscope, a large number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and various cells or granular casts can be seen. In patients with allergic interstitial nephritis, eosinophils can be seen in the urine. Urine sodium concentration is 10-40 meq/L.

　　2, Blood: During the period of immune complex deposition, serum complement components decrease. Under certain conditions, circulating immune complexes can be detected. Other tests may detect systemic diseases such as lupus erythematosus and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, etc.

　　3, Renal biopsy. Renal biopsy will show characteristic pathological changes of acute interstitial nephritis or glomerulonephritis. There may be extensive crescent formation in the glomerular capsule.

　　Second, X-ray examination

　　Renal angiography or isotope renal scan may show poor contrast. Because the contrast agent has nephrotoxic effects, routine renal angiography should be avoided. Ultrasound examination is the best method to exclude urinary tract obstruction.

　　What should patients with specific renal parenchymal disease eat? Briefly described as follows.

　　1, Talc and Dwarf Lilyturf Porridge:30g talc, 19g dwarf lilyturf, 5g licorice, and 30g rice. Wrap talc in a cloth bag and cook with dwarf lilyturf and licorice to extract the juice, then add rice to cook into porridge and take it. Take 1-2 doses daily. It can clear heat and detoxify, promote diuresis and relieve stranguria. Suitable for damp-heat accumulation in the lower jiao, frequent urination, urethral涩痛, bitter and sticky taste, etc.

　　2, Plantain and Ligustrum Leaf Porridge:60g plantain leaf, 30g ligustrum leaf, 50g rice, and 1 stalk scallion. Boil the two leaves and scallion to extract the juice, then add rice to cook into porridge and take it. Take 2 times daily. It can clear heat and promote diuresis and relieve stranguria, suitable for damp-heat lumbar pain, dysuria, burning and pricking pain, or accompanied by fever and constipation, etc.

　　3, Red Bean and Mung Bean Plantain Seed Decoction:30g red bean, mung bean, and 30g plantain seed. Wrap the plantain seed in a cloth bag and cook with the two beans in a pot with an appropriate amount of water until the beans are cooked. Remove the medicine bag, eat the beans, and drink the soup, 1 dose daily. It can clear heat and detoxify, promote diuresis and relieve stranguria. Suitable for damp-heat, accumulation in the lower jiao, lumbar and abdominal pain, frequent urination, short and frequent urination with sharp pain, aversion to cold, fever, bitter taste, nausea, constipation, etc.

　　4, Bamboo Leaves and Coix Seed Porridge:30g bamboo leaves, 20g coix seed, 50g gypsum, 50g rice, and appropriate amount of sugar. Boil bamboo leaves and gypsum to extract the juice, then cook coix seed and rice into porridge. Add sugar when the porridge is cooked, and take 1-2 doses daily. It can clear heat and relieve fire, suitable for alternating chills and fever, dysuria, lumbar and knee pain, yellow and burning pain in urine, etc.

　　5, Two Seeds Grapes Congee:Semen m Mori and Job's tears each 20g, dried grapes 10g, rice 60g. Rinse the rice clean, boil with an appropriate amount of water, add the two seeds and grapes, and cook until the congee is done and serve. Take one dose daily. It can benefit the kidneys and remove dampness, suitable for soreness in the waist and knees, frequent and urgent urination, burning pain in the urethra, dizziness and tinnitus, interior heat, etc.

　　6, Two Juices Raw Rehmannia Paste Fresh Lotus Root Juice:Grape juice 250g, raw rehmannia, ophiopogon, and ophiopogon japonicus each 150g, honey to taste. First, decoct raw rehmannia and two ophiopogons three times, each for 20 minutes, merge the three liquids, concentrate with low heat, mix with the two juices, continue to boil until thickened, add twice the amount of honey, boil, and it is ready. Take 10ml twice a day, dissolved in warm water. It can clear heat, nourish yin, benefit the kidneys and promote diuresis, suitable for kidney yin deficiency, soreness in the waist and knees, dry throat and mouth, frequent urination, pain in the urethra, even hematuria, red tongue with little fur, etc.

　　7, Euryale ferox Pork Stomach Congee:Euryale ferox 30g, pork stomach 500g, rice 100g, spices to taste. Clean the pork stomach, add an appropriate amount of water, boil until done, remove the pork stomach, add Euryale ferox, rice, cook into congee, add scallion, ginger, salt, and monosodium glutamate for seasoning, and serve. Take one dose daily, the pork stomach can be taken with meals. It can invigorate the spleen and kidneys, and is suitable for deficiency of the spleen and kidneys, facial edema, poor appetite, abdominal distension, fatigue, soreness in the lumbar and sacral region, dizziness and tinnitus, loose stools, frequent urination, dribbling, etc.

　　8, Chestnut Poria Jujube Congee:Jujube and brown sugar each 10 pieces,茯苓16g, rice 50g. Grind the Poria into fine powder, remove the kernel of the jujube, first boil the rice, then add the jujube, Poria, and chestnuts, and cook until the congee is done and serve. Take one dose daily. The function is the same as above.

　　9, Hawkthorn and broad bean sand:Hawkthorn and broad bean each 30g, rock sugar to taste. Boil the two beans in water, remove and crush, mix with rock sugar, and take 20-30g each time, twice a day. The function is the same as above.

　　The treatment principles for specific renal parenchymal diseases are: control of infection, removal of antigens and toxic drugs, suppression of immune reactions, elimination of autoantibodies or reduction of inflammatory reactions. Immunotherapy includes drugs, anticoagulation, or temporary plasma exchange therapy.