Ischemic hepatitis

　　How is ischemic hepatitis caused? Briefly described as follows:

　　1. Pathogenesis

　　The pathogenesis involves the generation of intracellular oxygen free radicals in the liver mediated by xanthine oxidase, complement activation, and other factors.

　　2. Pathological Changes

　　Central necrosis of the liver lobule, even the whole liver lobule is involved, and congestion may occur. The exact incidence is still unclear.

　　This disease often complicates congestive heart failure, shock, liver trauma, and heart disease. It may also include decreased appetite, discomfort and pain in the upper right abdomen, jaundice, and liver enlargement. In patients with right heart failure, the liver tissue itself is in a state of congestion and hypoxia. If body circulation hypotension or shock occurs at this time, the ischemia and hypoxia of the central cells of the liver lobules will be more obvious.

　　What are the symptoms of ischemic hepatitis? Briefly described as follows:

　　1. Manifestation of Basal Disease

　　This disease is commonly seen after cardiac surgery, especially in patients who undergo multiple valve replacement surgery, acute myocardial infarction, or severe arrhythmia-induced left heart failure, severe infection, and sepsis. It occasionally occurs on the basis of chronic liver disease with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. All these factors can lead to a significant reduction in liver blood supply, and have little to do with liver congestion.

　　2. Acute hepatitis-like manifestations

　　Ischemic hepatitis can have symptoms such as decreased appetite, discomfort and pain in the upper right abdomen, jaundice, and liver enlargement. More characteristic and common symptoms are significant increases in serum ALT and AST (aspartate aminotransferase), which can be more than 10 times the normal level, rising within 1-3 days of onset, and rapidly returning to normal within 8 days.

　　Most patients have a good prognosis, which may be related to the intact reticular framework of the liver lobules after necrosis of this disease and its role as a template for liver cell proliferation. Liver failure rarely occurs in this disease. The mortality rate is often determined by the primary underlying disease.

　　The examinations for ischemic hepatitis include alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver disease ultrasound diagnosis, electrocardiogram, blood routine, liver function tests, blood routine, X-ray, CT, and so on.

　　A brief description of the dietary methods for ischemic hepatitis is as follows:

　　1. 茅根猪肉。瘦猪肉250克，茅根250克，将茅根洗净放在锅中。加水煮沸，去渣，然后放入切成片的瘦猪肉，煮汤。肉煮熟后加入调味品，吃肉喝汤，每日2次，每次1小碗。适用于急性病毒性肝炎。

　　2. 海蛰革莽。鲜海蛰150克，饽齐250克，将海蛰洗净，革莽洗净，去皮切片，同放在砂锅中，加适量的水煎煮成汤。每日2次，每次1小杯。Treatment for acute and chronic viral hepatitis.

　　3. Wu梅Huo杖蜜。Wu梅、Huo杖洗净，水浸1小时再入瓦罐，加水适量，文火慢煎1小时，滤出头汁500毫升，加水再煎，滤出二汁300毫升备用。

　　The treatment of this disease should maintain an appropriate cardiac output. Active and strong diuresis can further reduce blood volume, worsen liver ischemia, and promote liver cell necrosis, which deserves attention. Dopamine can increase liver blood flow and has a strong heart effect, which can be selected. Other drugs for the prevention and treatment of shock/reperfusion liver injury are still in the experimental stage.