Hypertrophic gastritis

　　The etiology of hypertrophic gastritis is still unknown. Studies have shown that pediatric patients may be related to cytomegalovirus infection. Cytokine transforming factor α may play a role in the pathogenesis of adults and children, and its role in AIDS patients may be similar to that of Ménétrier's disease-like hypertrophic folds.

　　Patients with hypertrophic gastritis commonly experience nausea, decreased appetite, and upper abdominal pain, which may be relieved after meals. Patients with hypertrophic gastritis may develop edema and hypoproteinemia due to the leakage of plasma albumin into the gastric cavity.

　　Patients with hypertrophic gastritis commonly experience nausea, decreased appetite, and upper abdominal pain, which may be relieved after meals. Vomiting may occur due to obstruction of the pylorus by polypoid folds, and sometimes bleeding may occur. Weight loss, fatigue, and edema may occur due to protein loss and steatorrhea, and even cachexia may appear. Studies have reported that plasma protein levels in patients may decrease from 5.1g to 3.8g within two weeks, and protein loss may also naturally alleviate. Patients may need to undergo partial or total gastrectomy to reduce protein loss.

　　Early detection and early diagnosis are the key to preventing and treating hypertrophic gastritis. In daily life, attention should be paid to the following aspects:
　　1. Pay attention to diet Eating at regular times and in appropriate amounts, with slow and thorough chewing, focusing on light and non-irritating foods that are gentle on the gastric mucosa. Avoid spicy, cold, hard, and overly acidic foods that are highly irritating.
　　2. Quit smoking and drinking Smoking and drinking can damage the gastric mucosa, causing mucosal erosion and congestion, thereby aggravating the condition and不利于 the recovery of the disease.
　　3. Use drugs with caution Some drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can stimulate the gastric mucosa, causing recurrent attacks of the disease. They should be used with caution or avoided as much as possible.
　　4. Active treatment When a disease occurs, it should be treated actively, whether it is acute gastritis or other diseases, in order to prevent the disease from spreading further and affecting other mucosal tissues, causing more serious diseases.

　　The diagnosis of hypertrophic gastritis not only relies on clinical manifestations, but also on auxiliary examinations, which are indispensable means. Common examinations are as follows:
　　First, X-ray examination
　　Folds are huge and curved, often have polypoid changes on the large curve side, folds are not as clear and soft as normal, peristalsis waves decrease, movement is slow, 60% of 127 cases suspected of malignant lesions.
　　Second, gastroscopy
　　Visible large folds, do not disappear after inflation, pale like sticks, abundant mucus, irregular surface of folds, often present as nodular or polypoid, with deep fissures between folds, surface color can be pale, gray or red, in short, endoscopic diagnosis is also not very easy.
　　Third, ultrasonic gastroscopy
　　The mucosal layer of the lesion site is significantly thickened.

　　In addition to conventional treatment, dietary adjustment in daily life is also indispensable for hypertrophic gastritis. The following are the requirements for daily diet:
　　1. Eat soft and easily digestible food.
　　2. Eat in small and frequent meals, with small portions.
　　3. Boil the soup and hot tea, wait until warm to drink.
　　4. Eat less spicy, greasy, heavily seasoned, fried and preserved foods.
　　5. Quit smoking and drinking, avoid snacks

　　Patients with hypertrophic gastritis do not need special treatment and should be followed up regularly. Those with protein loss should be given a high-protein diet; prolonged stubborn bleeding that leads to anemia and various treatments are ineffective may consider gastric resection; those with high acid levels often complain of stomach pain, antacid and antispasmodic drugs are usually effective. Some can resolve spontaneously, but should not be ignored, as the disease can become cancerous, and should be closely observed. Necessary surgical treatment should be performed if necessary.