Male sexual dysfunction syndrome in liver cirrhosis

　　During liver cirrhosis, due to the decreased inactivation ability of estrogen and the increased ability of androgen to convert into estrogen, the level of estrogen in the blood and the excretion of urine increase. The increase in estrogen levels can inhibit the secretion of gonadotropin and adrenocorticotropic hormone by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis through feedback, resulting in a decrease in androgen secretion and causing feminization in males.

　　Since male sexual dysfunction syndrome in liver cirrhosis is caused by liver cirrhosis, patients with this disease can also have the following diseases at the same time:

　　① Hepatic encephalopathy (liver coma): It is the most common cause of death.

　　② Massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding: The most common cause is the rupture of varices in the fundus of the stomach or esophagus due to portal hypertension. Other causes of bleeding include hemorrhagic erosive gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and esophageal mucosal tear syndrome, etc.

　　③ Infection: Liver cirrhosis patients are prone to tracheitis, pneumonia, intestinal infections, spontaneous peritonitis, and Gram-negative bacillary sepsis, etc.

　　④ Primary liver cancer: The relationship between liver cirrhosis and liver cancer is noteworthy. It is speculated that the mechanism may be related to the damage to liver cells caused by hepatitis B virus, followed by hyperplasia or atypical hyperplasia, as well as the integration of hepatitis B virus and liver cells, and the change of immune function in patients with liver cirrhosis.

　　⑤ Hepatorenal syndrome: Liver cirrhosis combined with refractory ascites for a long time, or combined with factors such as infection and exacerbation of pre-existing liver disease, leading to oliguria, anuria, azotemia, hyponatremia, and low urinary sodium. Initially, the kidneys often have no organic lesions, hence the term functional renal failure. This complication has a very poor prognosis.

　　Male sexual dysfunction syndrome in patients with liver cirrhosis gradually appears with male breast enlargement based on liver cirrhosis, which can be unilateral or bilateral, with the right side being more common. At a mild stage, it presents as a nodular bulge at the nipple or areola, while in severe cases, it resembles female breasts, with possible swelling and pain, but without milk secretion. In addition, there are symptoms such as testicular atrophy, sparse pubic hair, decreased libido, and a finer voice, often accompanied by spider veins and liver palms caused by skin capillary dilation.

　　The most common cause of liver cirrhosis in China is viral hepatitis, mainly hepatitis B virus, followed by hepatitis C. Therefore, the prevention of this disease should first pay attention to the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis. Early detection, isolation of patients, and active treatment. Pay attention to diet, reasonable nutrition, moderate alcohol consumption, strengthen labor health care, and avoid various chronic chemical poisoning are also active preventive measures. For those with the above causes and suspected liver cirrhosis, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive physical examination and relevant laboratory tests in a timely manner to achieve reasonable and active treatment during the compensation period and prevent the development towards decompensation. Regular physical examinations, while avoiding various triggers, preventing and treating possible complications.

　　The clinical symptoms of male sexual dysfunction syndrome in patients with liver cirrhosis are typical. Combined with the patient's history of liver cirrhosis, blood routine and blood biochemistry can be examined, and the levels of E2, E3 in serum can be increased, and testosterone and its metabolites can be reduced.

　　Male sexual dysfunction syndrome in patients with liver cirrhosis can alleviate symptoms through dietary therapy. The following is a patient's one-day dietary formula:

　　Breakfast: Congee (50g of rice), steamed bun (75g of flour), meat floss (15g of pork floss).

　　Snack: Sweet milk (250g of fresh milk, 10g of sugar), 150g of apple.

　　Lunch: Rice (150g of rice), fried hairtail (200g of hairtail), stir-fried rapeseed (150g of rapeseed).

　　Snack: Instant lotus root starch (30g of lotus root starch, 10g of sugar).

　　Dinner: Rice (150g of rice), fried chicken pieces (100g of chicken pieces), stir-fried tofu with tomatoes (50g of tofu, 100g of tomatoes).

　　The treatment of male sexual dysfunction syndrome in patients with cirrhosis of the liver mainly focuses on the treatment of liver disease. With the alleviation of the primary disease and the improvement of liver function, male gonadal function can gradually improve. There are also reports that the application of androgen therapy may have certain efficacy.