Familial Colorectal Polyps

　　It is generally believed that this disease is related to genetic factors, often with a family history, but it is not a congenital disease. There are no adenomas in the intestinal tract at birth, and they often appear gradually with the development of adolescence. Patients with extensive lesions should be operated on in a timely manner in addition to the bleeding symptoms of general polyps, and those who cannot be operated on should be followed up regularly to prevent the occurrence of complications.

　　Severe cases may have polyps from the oral cavity to the rectum and anal canal, and often accompanied by other special clinical symptoms. Complications such as intussusception, intestinal obstruction, massive hemorrhage, and hemorrhagic shock may occur. It is incurable when accompanied by polyps throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract.

　　1. Diarrhea with mucus and bloody stools, increased frequency of defecation.

　　2. Weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and abdominal discomfort or abdominal pain of varying degrees.

　　3. Accompanied by osteomas and other extraintestinal tumors.

　　4. Polyps are mainly located in the large intestine.

　　5. Palpable polyps can be felt through rectal examination.

　　Patients with positive family history should be vigilant about this disease, especially those with mucoid purulent stools should seek medical treatment in a timely manner. If there are special pigmented spots or pigmented deposition around the lips and skin, oral mucosa, and fingers, it is necessary to perform gastrointestinal contrast or fiberoptic gastroscopy and colonoscopy in a timely manner. Multiple polyps localized in the colon can be treated with surgery, and close follow-up should be conducted if there are whole gastrointestinal polyps; resection of the affected intestinal segment should be performed if there is massive hemorrhage, intussusception, or malignant transformation of intestinal polyps.

　　1. Colonoscopy can show a large number of polyps covering the colon mucosa, and biopsy can confirm the diagnosis.

　　2. Barium enema can show multiple or widespread filling defects in the colon.

　　3. Polyps can be palpated by digital rectal examination.

　　1. There must be an appropriate amount of fiber in the diet.

　　2. A certain amount of vegetables and fruits should be eaten every day, eat one apple on an empty stomach in the morning or eat 1-3 bananas before each meal.

　　3. The staple food should not be too fine, and some coarse grains should be eaten appropriately.

　　4. In the morning, on an empty stomach, drink a glass of dilute salt water or honey water, and配合 abdominal massage or twisting the waist, let the water vibrate in the gastrointestinal tract to enhance the defecation effect. Throughout the day, drink plenty of cool water to help moisten the intestines and promote defecation.

　　Firstly, principles of treatment

　　1. For those with pure colon or colon polyps as the main problem, total colectomy, ileal abdominal fistula, or ileal reservoir formation with rectal anastomosis can be performed, and regular follow-up should be conducted to check the mucosal condition of the rectal stump.

　　2. Total colectomy with rectal mucosal stripping, ileal reservoir formation, and rectal cuff anastomosis.

　　3. For those with intractable whole gastrointestinal polyps, partial intestinal resection can be performed when complications such as intussusception and massive hemorrhage occur.

　　4. Symptomatic supportive therapy.

　　5. Internal and external treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and enema.

　　Secondly, principles of medication

　　1. For those who cannot undergo surgery, gentamicin, metronidazole, general hemostatic agents, vitamins, and traditional Chinese medicine can be taken orally and administered via enema for treatment.

　　2. Limited to colonic polyps, surgical resection can be performed.

　　When it is necessary to excise the affected intestinal segment due to complications or malignant transformation of polyps, drug treatment such as intravenous infusion, antibiotics, hemostatic agents, vitamins, etc., should be used from items 'A', 'B', and 'C'.